| Patwin | |
|---|---|
| Southern Wintun | |
| Native to | United States |
| Region | Colusa,Lake,Napa,Solano, andYolo Counties, northernCalifornia |
| Ethnicity | Patwin |
| Extinct | 2018 with the death ofBertha Wright Mitchell[1][2][3] |
| Revival | Being taught in schools and learned by adults[4] |
Wintuan
| |
| Dialects | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | pwi |
| Glottolog | patw1250 |
| ELP | Patwin |
 Map of Patwin people and language | |
 Patwin is classified as Critically Endangered by theUNESCOAtlas of the World's Languages in Danger. | |
Patwin (Patween) is a critically endangeredWintuan language ofNorthern California. As of 2021, there was one documented first language speaker of Patwin.[2][5] As of 2010, Patwin language classes were taught at theYocha Dehe Wintun Nation (formerlyRumsey Rancheria) tribal school (Dubin 2010).
Patwin has two (excl. Southern Patwin) or three (incl. Southern Patwin) dialects: "River Patwin (or Valley Patwin) was traditionally spoken along the Sacramento River in Colusa County ... Hill Patwin, was spoken in the plains and foothills to the west."[5][6]
Southern Patwin became extinct shortly after contact. It is very poorly attested, and may be a separate Southern Wintuan language (Mithun 1999).
As of 2012, the Tewe Kewe Cultural Center of the Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation has "a California Indian Library Collection and an extensive Patwin language and history research section."[7]
Patwin has 25consonant phonemes.[2] In the table below, theIPA form(s) of each consonant are given. This is followed by the form commonly used in Lawyer (2021)'s grammar, if this is different from the IPA form.
Patwin has 10 vowels:[2]
| Short | Long | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Front | Back | Front | Back | |
| High (close) | i | u | iː⟨i·⟩ | uː⟨u·⟩ |
| Mid | e | o | eː⟨e·⟩ | oː⟨o·⟩ |
| Low (open) | a | aː⟨a·⟩ | ||
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| a | a· | b | č | č’ | d | e | e· | h | i | i· | k | kʰ | k’ | l | ɬ | ƛ | ƛ’ | m | n | o | o· | p | pʰ | p’ | r | s | t | tʰ | t’ | u | u· | w | y | ʔ |
Italics indicate extinct languages | |||||||||||||||||
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