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Patrick Macnee

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
British-American actor (1922–2015)
Not to be confused with Irish actorPatrick Magee.
Patrick Macnee
Macnee in an episode ofColumbo, 1975
Born
Daniel Patrick Macnee

(1922-02-06)6 February 1922
Paddington, London, England
Died25 June 2015(2015-06-25) (aged 93)
Citizenship
  • United Kingdom
  • United States (from 1959)
EducationEton College
OccupationActor
Years active1938–2005
Known forJohn Steed inThe Avengers
Spouses
Children2
MotherDorothea Macnee

Daniel Patrick Macnee (6 February 1922 – 25 June 2015) was a British-American actor best known for hisbreakthrough role as secret agentJohn Steed in the television seriesThe Avengers (1961–1969). Starting out as the assistant to David Keel (Ian Hendry), he became the lead when Hendry left after the first series, and was subsequently partnered with a succession of female assistants. He later reprised the role inThe New Avengers (1976–1977).

Born in London as the eldest son of socialiteDorothea Macnee, Macnee served in theRoyal Navy during the Second World War before starting his career as an actor in British television. He appeared in numerous television series up until 2001, including theTwilight Zone episode "Judgement Night" (1959);Columbo;Magnum, P.I.;Hart to Hart;Murder, She Wrote;The Love Boat; andFrasier. In 1984, he was the subject of the British television seriesThis Is Your Life.

Macnee also appeared inOasis's music video for "Don't Look Back in Anger" (1996). He andAvengers co-starHonor Blackman had aUK Top 10 hit in 1990 when their 1964 song "Kinky Boots" received renewed interest from being played onBBC Radio One.

Macnee's notable film roles include youngJacob Marley inScrooge (1951), Sir Denis Eton-Hogg inThis Is Spinal Tap (1984), and Sir Godfrey Tibbett inA View to a Kill (1985). He is one of the few actors to have played bothSherlock Holmes andDr. Watson in different productions.

Early life and career

[edit]

The elder of two sons, Daniel Patrick Macnee was born inPaddington, London, England, on 6 February 1922;[1] to Daniel Macnee (1878–1952) and British socialiteDorothea Mabel Macnee (née Henry) (1896–1984). His father, who was a grandson of the Scottish artistSir Daniel Macnee, trained race horses inLambourn, and was known for his dress sense;[1][2] he had served as an officer in theYorkshire Dragoons in theFirst World War.[3] His maternal grandmother was Frances Alice Hastings (1870–1945), who was the daughter ofVice-AdmiralGeorge Fowler Hastings and granddaughter ofThe 12th Earl of Huntingdon. His younger brother James, known as Jimmy, was born five years later.[4] Macnee saw himself as a Scot.[5]

Macnee's parents separated after his mothercame out as a lesbian. His father later moved to India, and his mother began to live with her wealthy partner, Evelyn Spottiswoode, whose money came from theDewar's whisky business.[6] Macnee referred to her in his autobiography as "Uncle Evelyn", and she helped pay for his schooling. He was educated atSummer Fields School andEton College, where he was a member of theOfficer Training Corps and was one of theguard of honour forKing George V atSt George's Chapel in 1936. He was later expelled from Eton for selling pornography to and being abookmaker for his fellow students.[2]

Macnee studied acting at theWebber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art, but shortly before he was to perform in his first West End leading role, which would have had him acting alongsideVivien Leigh, he was called up for theRoyal Navy.[2] He joined as anordinary seaman in October 1942[2] and was commissioned asub-lieutenant in June 1943, becoming a navigator onMotor Torpedo Boats in theEnglish Channel andNorth Sea.[3] Reassigned as first lieutenant on a second MTB, Macnee caughtbronchitis just beforeD-Day; while he was recuperating in hospital, his boat and crew were lost in action. Two of the crew received theDistinguished Service Medal.[2] He left the Royal Navy in 1946 as a lieutenant.[2][3]

Macnee nurtured his acting career in Canada early on, but he also appeared as an uncredited extra in the British filmsPygmalion (1938),The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp (1943) andLaurence Olivier'sHamlet (1948), as well as some live TV dramas for the BBC, before graduating to credited roles in such films asScrooge (US:A Christmas Carol, 1951), as young Jacob Marley; theGene Kelly vehicleLes Girls (1957), as anOld Bailey barrister; and the war filmThe Battle of the River Plate (1956).

Between these occasional movie roles, Macnee spent the better part of the 1950s working in dozens of small roles in American and Canadian television and theatre. In 1954, he appeared on stage inRichard of Bordeaux andHaste to the Wedding at theCrest Theatre in Toronto.,[7] Macnee would later look back on those experiences at the Crest and the CBC as defining when he finally became an actor.[8] On television, he appeared in an episode ofOne Step Beyond ("Night of April 14th") andThe Twilight Zone ("Judgment Night") in 1959. Disappointed in his limited career development, by the late 1950s Macnee was smoking 80 cigarettes and drinking a bottle of whisky on a daily basis.[9]

In the early 1960s, before his career-making role inThe Avengers, Macnee took a break from acting and served as one of the London-based producers for the classic documentary seriesThe Valiant Years, based on the Second World War memoirs ofWinston Churchill.[10][11]

The Avengers

[edit]
Main article:The Avengers (TV series)

While working in London on the Churchill series, Macnee was offered the role inThe Avengers (1961–69), (originally intended to be known asJonathan Steed), for which he became best known. The series was conceived as a vehicle forIan Hendry,[12] who played the lead role of Dr. David Keel in a sequel to an earlier series,Police Surgeon (1960), whileJohn Steed was his assistant. Macnee, though, became the lead after Hendry's departure at the end of the first series.[13] Macnee played opposite a succession of glamorous female partners:Honor Blackman,Diana Rigg andLinda Thorson. Of the 161 completed episodes, Macnee appeared in all but two, both from the first series.

Although Macnee evolved in the role as the series progressed, the key elements of Steed's persona and appearance were present from the beginning: the slightly mysterious demeanour and, increasingly, the light, suave, flirting tone with ladies (and always with his female partners). Finally, from the episodes with Blackman onwards, the trademarkbowler hat and umbrella completed the image. Although it was traditionally associated with London "city gents", the ensemble of suit, umbrella and bowler had developed in thepost-war years asmufti for ex-servicemen attendingArmistice Day ceremonies. Steed's sartorial style may also have been drawn from Macnee's father.[2][6] Macnee, alongside designerPierre Cardin, adapted the look into a style all his own, and he went on to design several outfits himself for Steed based on the same basic theme. Steed was also the central character ofThe New Avengers (1976–77), in which he was teamed with agents named Purdey (Joanna Lumley) and Mike Gambit (Gareth Hunt).

Macnee insisted on, and was proud of, almost never carrying a gun in the original series; when asked why, he explained, "I'd just come out of a World War in which I'd seen most of my friends blown to bits."[14] Lumley later said she did most of the gun-slinging inThe New Avengers for the same reason.[15]

When asked in June 1982 whichAvengers female lead was his favourite, Macnee declined to give a specific answer. "Well, I'd rather not say. To do so would invite trouble," he toldTV Week magazine. Macnee did provide his evaluation of the female leads. Of Honor Blackman he said, "She was wonderful, presenting the concept of a strong-willed, independent and liberated woman just as that sort of woman was beginning to emerge in society." Diana Rigg was "One of the world's great actresses. A superb comedienne. I'm convinced that one day she'll be Dame Diana" (his prediction came true in 1994). Linda Thorson was "one of the sexiest women alive" while Joanna Lumley was "superb in the role of Purdey. An actress who is only now realising her immense potential."[16]

Macnee co-wrote two original novels based uponThe Avengers during the 1960s, titledDead Duck andDeadline. He hosted the documentaryThe Avengers: The Journey Back (1998), directed by Clyde Lucas.[17]

For the critically lambasted film version ofThe Avengers (1998), he lent his voice in a cameo as Invisible Jones. The character John Steed was taken over byRalph Fiennes.

Later roles

[edit]
Macnee in 1998

Macnee's other significant roles included playing Sir Godfrey Tibbett oppositeRoger Moore in theJames Bond filmA View to a Kill (1985); as Major Crossley inThe Sea Wolves (again with Moore); guest roles inEncounter;Alias Smith and Jones (forGlen A. Larson);Magnum, P.I.;Hart to Hart;Murder, She Wrote andThe Love Boat. Although his best known role was heroic, many of his television appearances were as villains; among them were his roles of both the demonic Count Iblis and his provision of the character voice of the Cylons' Imperious Leader inBattlestar Galactica, also for Glen A. Larson, for which he also supplied the show's introductory voiceover. He also presented the Americanparanormal seriesMysteries, Magic and Miracles. Macnee appeared on Broadway as the star ofAnthony Shaffer's mysterySleuth in 1972–73.[18]

Macnee reunited withDiana Rigg in her short-lived sitcomDiana (1973) in a single episode. Other television appearances include a guest appearance onColumbo in the episode "Troubled Waters" (1975); and playing Major Vickers inFor the Term of his Natural Life (1983). He had recurring roles in the crime seriesGavilan withRobert Urich and in the short-lived satire on big business,Empire (1984), as Dr. Calvin Cromwell. Macnee was known for narrating various James Bond Documentaries on Special Edition DVD. He also narrated the documentaryIan Fleming: 007's Creator (2000).[19]

Macnee featured prominently in two editions of the long-running British television seriesThis Is Your Life: in 1978, when he and hostEamonn Andrews, both dressed as Steed, surprisedIan Hendry, and in 1984 when he was the edition's unsuspecting subject. Therefore, he also voiced the narrator in theAudrey Wood VHS adaptation ofThe Little Mouse, the Red Ripe Strawberry, and the Big Hungry Bear.

Macnee also appeared in severalcult films: inThe Howling (1981), as Dr. George Waggner (named whimsically after the director ofThe Wolf Man, 1941) and as Sir Denis Eton-Hogg in the rockumentary comedyThis Is Spinal Tap (1984). He played Dr. Stark inThe Creature Wasn't Nice (1981), also calledSpaceship andNaked Space. Macnee played the role of actor David Mathews in the television movieRehearsal for Murder (1982), which starredRobert Preston andLynn Redgrave. The movie was from a script written byColumbo co-creators Richard Levinson and William Link. He replacedLeo G. Carroll's character as the head of U.N.C.L.E. as Sir John Raleigh inReturn of the Man from U.N.C.L.E. (1983), produced by Michael Sloan. He was featured in the science fiction television movieSuper Force (1990) as E. B. Hungerford (the subsequent series featured Macnee's voiceover as part of a computer simulation of his character), as a supporting character in the parody filmLobster Man from Mars (1989) as Professor Plocostomos and in the television filmThe Return of Sam McCloud (1989) as Tom Jamison. He made an appearance inFrasier (2001),[20] and several episodes of the American sci-fi seriesNightman as Dr. Walton, a psychiatrist who advised the main character. Macnee appeared in two episodes of the seriesKung Fu: The Legend Continues (1993–94) and was a retired agent in a handful of instalments ofSpy Game (1997–98).

Macnee made numerous TV commercials including one around 1990 forSwiss Chalet, the Canadian restaurant chain, and a year or so before, a commercial for theSterling Motor Car Company. Over the James Bond theme, the car duels with a motorcycle assailant at high speed through mountainous territory, ultimately eludes the foe, and reaches its destination. Macnee steps out of the car and greets viewers with a smile, saying "I suppose you were expecting someone else". Macnee was the narrator for several "behind-the-scenes" featurettes for the James Bond series of DVDs and recorded numerous audio books, including the releases of many novels byJack Higgins. He also recorded the children's booksThe Musical Life of Gustav Mole and its sequel,The Lost Music (Gustav Mole's War on Noise), both written by Michael Twinn.

Macnee featured in two pop videos: as Steed in originalAvengers footage inThe Pretenders' video for their song "Don't Get Me Wrong" (1986) and in the promotion forOasis' video "Don't Look Back in Anger" (1996), as the band's driver, a role similar to that which he played in the James Bond filmA View to a Kill (1985). In 1990, his recording with hisAvengers co-starHonor Blackman, called "Kinky Boots" (1964), reached theUK Singles Chart after being played onSimon Mayo'sBBC Radio One breakfast show.

Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson

[edit]

Macnee appeared inMagnum, P.I. (1984) as a retired British agent who suffered from the delusion that he wasSherlock Holmes, in a season four episode titledHolmes Is Where the Heart Is. He played both Holmes andDr. Watson on several occasions. He played Watson three times: once alongsideRoger Moore's Sherlock Holmes in the television filmSherlock Holmes in New York (1976), and twice withChristopher Lee, first inSherlock Holmes and the Leading Lady (1991), and then inIncident at Victoria Falls (1992). He played Holmes in another television filmThe Hound of London (1993), along with the Canadian television filmSherlock Holmes: The Case of the Temporal Nexus (1996).[21] He is thus one of only a small number of actors to have portrayed both Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson on screen.[22]

Personal life

[edit]

Macnee married his first wife Barbara Douglas (1921–2012) in 1942. They had two children, Rupert and Jenny, and a grandson, Christopher ("Kit"). After they were divorced in 1956, his second marriage (1965–1969) was to actressKatherine Woodville. From 1973 to 1991, Macnee owned a home in the Deep Well neighborhood ofPalm Springs, California.[23] His third marriage was to Baba Majos de Nagyzsenye, daughter of opera singerElla Némethy. It lasted from 1988 until her death in 2007.[24] Macnee became a United States citizen in 1959.[25][26] He dictated his autobiography, which he titledBlind in One Ear: The Avenger Returns (1988), to Marie Cameron.[27] Later in life, Macnee was an enthusiasticnaturist.[28]

Death

[edit]

On 25 June 2015, Macnee died at Rancho Mirage, California, his home for the previous four decades, at the age of 93.[29][30] Tributes were paid by co-starsRoger Moore andNicola Bryant, and by fellowAvengers leadsDiana Rigg andLinda Thorson.[31]

Filmography

[edit]

Film

[edit]
YearTitleRoleNotesref
1938PygmalionExtraUncredited
1943The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp
1948The Fatal NightTony
HamletExtraUncredited
1949The Small Back RoomMan at Committee Meeting
All Over the TownMr. Vince
1950The Girl Is MineHugh Hurcombe
Seven Days to NoonBit PartUncredited
Dick Barton at BayPhillipsCredited as Patrick McNee[32]
The Elusive PimpernelHonorable John BristowReleased in the United States asThe Fighting Pimpernel[33]
1951Flesh and BloodSutherlandUncredited
ScroogeYoung Jacob MarleyReleased in the United States asA Christmas Carol
1955Three Cases of MurderGuard SubalternUncredited[34]
1956The Battle of the River PlateLieutenant Commander Ralph Medley[35]
1957Les GirlsSir PercyAlso known asCole Porter's Les Girls[36]
Until They SailPrivate Duff(scenes deleted)
1970Incense for the DamnedDerek LongbowAlso released asBloodsuckers,Freedom Seeker andDoctors Wear Scarlet[37]
Mister JericoDudley Jerico
1978Battlestar GalacticaImperious Leader/NarratorVoice; Uncredited
1979The Billion Dollar ThreatHoratio Black
King Solomon's TreasureCaptain John Good R.N.Macnee replacedTerry-Thomas.
1980The Sea WolvesMajor 'Yogi' Crossley
1981The HowlingDr. George Waggner[38][39]
The Hot TouchVincent Reyblack[40][41]
1982Young Doctors in LoveJacobs
1983Sweet SixteenDr. John Morgan
The Creature Wasn't NiceDr. StarkAlso known asNaked Space andSpaceship
1984This Is Spinal TapSir Denis Eton-Hogg
1985A View to a KillSir Godfrey Tibbett
ShadeySir Cyril Landau[42]
1988WaxworkSir Wilfred[43]
TransformationsFather Christopher
1989Chill FactorCarl Lawton
Lobster Man from MarsProfessor Plocostomos
Masque of the Red DeathMachiavel[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]
1991Eye of the WidowAndrew Marcus
1992Waxwork II: Lost in TimeSir Wilfred
VHS Adaptation ofThe Little Mouse, the Red Ripe Strawberry, and the Big Hungry BearNarratorBeforeThe Big Hungry Bear (Twenty-Four Robbers)
AfterThe Big Hungry Bear (Quick as a Cricket)
13 minutes
1993King B: A Life in the MoviesHimself
1998The AvengersInvisible Jones, a Ministry AgentVoice only. Adaptation of the 1960s TV series Macnee had starred in[52][53][54]
2002PuckoonRUC OfficerNon speaking cameo appearance
2003The Low Budget Time MachineDr. Ballard

Television

[edit]
YearTitleRoleNotesref
1948Wuthering HeightsEdgar LintonBBC adaptation ofthe novel in single play format
1950-1953BBC Sunday Night TheatreVarious5 episodes
1952-1953Tales of AdventureRoger Sudden12 episodes
1955-1958On CameraVarious9 episodes
1956-1958Matinee Theater
Kraft Theatre6 episodes
1956Producers' ShowcaseLucius SeptimusEpisode: "Caesar and Cleopatra"
Armstrong Circle TheatreQuayleEpisode: "The Case of Colonel Petrov"
1958The VeilConstable HawtonEpisode: "Vision of Crime"
1959RawhideHenry WatkinsEpisode: "Incident of the 14th Man"
The Twilight ZoneFirst OfficerEpisode: "Judgment Night"
Alfred Hitchcock PresentsSergeant John Theron/Professor Kersley2 episodes
Alcoa Presents: One Step BeyondFiancéEpisode: "Night of April 14th"
1959–60The Swamp FoxBritish CaptainMain cast
1960-1964Armchair TheatreVarious3 episodes
1961–1969The AvengersJohn SteedMain Cast
1964-1966Love StoryVariou3 episodes
1970The VirginianConnorEpisode: "A Kings Ransom"
1971Alias Smith and JonesNorman AlexanderEpisode: "The Man Who Murdered Himself"
Night GalleryMajor CrosbyEpisode: "Logoda's Heads"
1973DianaBryan HarrisEpisode: "You Can't Go Back"
1974Orson Welles Great MysteriesCharles FosterEpisode: "A Time to Remember"
1975ColumboCaptain GibbonEpisode: "Troubled Waters"
Khan!Marcus GrahamEpisode: "A Game of Terror"
Matt HelmColonel ShawcrossPilot
1976Sherlock Holmes in New YorkDr. WatsonTelevision film
1976–77The New AvengersJohn SteedMain cast
1977Dead of NightDr. GheriaTelevision film
1978Evening in ByzantiumIan Waldeigh2 episodes
The Hardy Boys"S" (ostensiblyJohn Steed)Episode: "Asssault on the Tower"[55]
Battlestar GalacticaImperious Leader/Narrator / Count Iblis
  • Voice for episodes: 1–12 (*uncredited) Count Iblis: "War of The Gods" episodes: 15 & 16 (credited)
1979$weepstake$RodneyEpisode: "Vince, Pete and Patsy, Jessica and Rodney"
1980The Littlest HoboElmerEpisode: "Diamonds Are a Dog's Best Friend"
1982Rehearsal for MurderDavid MathewsTelevision film
1982–83GavilanMilo BentleyMain cast
1983Return of the Man from U.N.C.L.E.Sir John RaleighTelevision film
For the Term of his Natural LifeMajor VickersMiniseries[56][57]
AutomanLydell HamiltonEpisode: "Automan"
1984EmpireCalvin CromwellMiniseries
Magnum, P.I.David WorthEpisode: "Holmes Is Where the Heart Is"
Hart to HartMatthew GradeEpisode: "Meanwhile, Back at the Ranch"
The Love BoatDavid Blake2 episodes
1985Lime StreetSir Geoffrey RimbattenMain cast
1985-1992Murder, She WroteOliver Trumbull/Dayton Whitling2 episodes
1986Blacke's MagicNigel BeechumEpisode: "It's a Jungle Out There"
1988Alfred Hitchcock PresentsThadddeusEpisode: "Survival of the Fittest"
Murphy's LawFrank HoulihanEpisode: "Do Someone a Favor and It Becomes Your Job"
1989War of the WorldsValery KedrovEpisode: "Epiphany"
Around the World in 80 DaysRalph GautierMiniseries
Dick Francis: Blood SportGeoffrey KeebleTV movie
Dick Francis: In the Frame
Dick Francis: Twice Shy
The Return of Sam McCloudTom JamisonTelevision movie ofthe series
1990The Ray Bradbury TheaterStendahlEpisode: "Usher II"
1990–92Super ForceVoice of E.B. Hungerford48 episodes
1991Sherlock Holmes and the Leading LadyDr. WatsonTelevision film
The Gambler Returns: The Luck of the DrawSir ColinMiniseries
1992CoachMr. ThindEpisode: "Dresswreckers"
Incident at Victoria FallsDr. WatsonTelevision film
1993The Hound of LondonSherlock Holmes
Kung Fu: The Legend ContinuesSteadman2 episodes
1994Thunder in ParadiseEdward WhitakerMain cast
1996The Case of the Temporal NexusSherlock HolmesTelevision film
1997Diagnosis: MurderJohn GarrisonEpisode: "Discards"
1997–98Night ManDr. WaltonRecurring
1997Spy GameMr. BlackEpisode: "Why Spy?"
Light LunchHimselfEpisode: "The Avengers... Still Kinky After All These Years"
Diagnosis: MurderBernard GarrisonEpisode: "Discards"
1999NancherrowLord Peter AwliscombeTelevision film
Through the KeyholeHouse OwnerEpisode: "29 March 1999"
2000Family LawSir Thomas MatthewsEpisode: "Second Chance"
2001FrasierCecil HeadleyEpisode: "The Show Must Go Off"
2003That Was the Week We WatchedHimselfEpisode: "11–17 April 1970"
2005After They Were FamousEpisode: "Crimefighters"

Theatre

[edit]
YearTitleRoleNotes
1941-2Little WomenLaurieWestminster Theatre
1947The White DevilDuchess Theatre
1949The Chiltern HundredsLord PymTheatre Royal, Windsor
1951Victoria ReginaPrince Albert
An Instrument of Justice
Rest HourDonald Gray
ArdèleNicholasRoyal Court Theatre, Liverpool,Opera House, Manchester, and other locations.
Mansfield ParkHenry CrawfordTheatre Royale, Windsor
1952The Wedding RingTom GilliesOpera House, Manchester,Grand Theatre & Opera House, Leeds, and other locations.
1954A Midsummer Night's DreamDemetriusMetropolitan Opera
1970-1973SleuthAndrew WykeMusic Box Theatre
1971Softly, Goldfish MatingDaniel DirvishTheatre Royal, Brighton,Grand Theatre, Wolverhampton, and other locations.
1978SleuthAndrew WykeAmbassadors Theatre,Savoy Theatre
1979The Grass is GreenerVictorTheatre Royal, Bath,Yvonne Arnaud Theatre, and other locations.
1986-1987Killing JessicaAlex DennisonSavoy Theatre andRichmond Theatre.

Documentaries

[edit]
  • Real Ghost Stories: The Dead and the Restless (1997)[a]
  • Real Ghost Stories: The Wild West of the Dead (1997)[a]
  • Real Ghost Stories: Spirits, Graveyards & Ghostbusters (1997)[a]
  • Real Ghost Stories: The Poltergeists (1997)[a]
  • Real Ghost Stories: The London Underworld & Beyond (1997)[a]
  • Unexplained Mysteries: Nostradamus (1999 Front Row Entertainment, Inc.)
  • Unexplained Mysteries: Out of Body Experience (1999 Front Row Entertainment, Inc.)
  • Unexplained Mysteries: Haunted Historic Sites (1999 Front Row Entertainment, Inc.)
  • Unexplained Mysteries: Miracle Healings (2000 Front Row Entertainment, Inc.)
  • Unexplained Mysteries: World of Satanism (2000 Front Row Entertainment, Inc.)
  • Unexplained Mysteries: Jack The Ripper (2001 Front Row Entertainment, Inc.)
  • Unexplained Mysteries: Cryonics (2001 Front Row Entertainment, Inc.)
  • Ian Fleming: 007's Creator (2000)[a]
  • The Spirit of Diana (2003)[a]
  • Unlocking DaVinci's Code (2004)[a]
  • The Witnessing of Angels (2010)[a]
  • Real Ghost Stories: Hollywood Ghosts (2010)[a]
Notes
  1. ^abcdefghijAll of the documentaries are narrated by voice only.

Music videos

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abPatrick Macnee profile, filmreference.com; accessed 14 April 2014.
  2. ^abcdefg"Patrick Macnee, actor – obituary".The Daily Telegraph. 26 June 2015.Archived from the original on 12 January 2022.
  3. ^abcInternational Stars at War; James E. Wise, Scott Baron; Naval Institute Press, 2002;ISBN 1557509654; pp. 123–26
  4. ^Macnee, P. and Cameron, M. (1988),Blind in One Ear: The Avenger Returns
  5. ^"'Avengers' Patrick Macnee on being John Steed".YouTube. CNN. Retrieved29 August 2022.
  6. ^abObituary: Patrick Macnee, actor, The Scotsman, 29 June 2015
  7. ^Illidge 2005, pp. 114, 115.
  8. ^Whittaker, Herber (21 April 1973). "Trim new Patrick Macnee pines for old Toronto".The Globe and Mail. p. 19.
  9. ^"Patrick MacNee".heraldscotland.com. 26 June 2015. Retrieved11 July 2015.
  10. ^"encyclopedia.com". Retrieved21 March 2012.
  11. ^"avengers.tv". Retrieved21 March 2012.
  12. ^"Official Website of Ian Hendry". Retrieved6 July 2013.
  13. ^"Ian Hendry and The Avengers". 5 July 2013. Retrieved6 July 2013.
  14. ^Johnston, Ian (24 March 2011)."Extreme Style & Steel: Patrick Macnee Of The Avengers Interviewed".The Quietus.
  15. ^"Joanna Lumley's Avengers character should have been called Charlie".The Daily Telegraph. 11 October 2011.Archived from the original on 12 January 2022.
  16. ^"Steed Lives On.",TV Week. 5 June 1982, page 61
  17. ^"Medialog: What They Can Do As An Encore",Starlog magazine, Issue 198, January 1994. Cf. p. 6.
  18. ^"Patrick Macnee". ibdb.com. Retrieved11 February 2019.
  19. ^"Ian Fleming: 007's Creator".IMDb.
  20. ^Frasier Online Episode Guide: Episode 8.11 – The Show Must Go Off. Frasieronline.co.uk. Retrieved on 10 August 2011.
  21. ^McMullen, Kieran E. (2012).The many Watsons. London: MX Publishing.ISBN 978-1-78092-304-8.OCLC 828139736.
  22. ^Alan Barnes (2002).Sherlock Holmes on Screen. Reynolds & Hearn Ltd.ISBN 1-903111-04-8
  23. ^Meeks, Eric G. (2014) [2012].The Best Guide Ever to Palm Springs Celebrity Homes. Horatio Limburger Oglethorpe. pp. 247–48, 251.ISBN 978-1479328598.
  24. ^"Personal Life".
  25. ^"California, Naturalization Records, 1887–1991". ancestry.com. Retrieved28 January 2019.
  26. ^"Patrick Macnee: Biography, Trivia". imdb.com. Retrieved28 January 2019.
  27. ^"Ever the Gentleman...The Loss of Patrick Macnee". 13 July 2015.
  28. ^McKie, Andrew (28 June 2015)."'Avengers' Patrick Macnee: Bookie, Actor, Nudist, Spy".The Daily Beast.
  29. ^"Avengers star Patrick Macnee dies".BBC News. 25 June 2015. Retrieved25 June 2015.
  30. ^Patrick Macnee, star of The Avengers, dies aged 93, The Guardian, 26 June 2015
  31. ^"Co-stars pay tribute to Patrick Macnee".BBC News. 26 June 2015. Retrieved27 September 2024.
  32. ^Bruce G. Hallenbeck,British Cult Cinema: Hammer Fantasy and Sci-Fi, Hemlock Books 2011 p. 46
  33. ^"The Elusive Pimpernel aka The Fighting Pimpernel".TCM. Archived fromthe original on 13 October 2012. Retrieved15 July 2016.
  34. ^"Three Cases Of Murder" Film Short StoriesThe Times 16 May 1955.
  35. ^"The Powell & Pressburger Pages: Captain Ralph Medley obituary".powell-pressburger.org. Retrieved25 June 2015.
  36. ^"Les Girls (1957) – Plot summary".imdB. Retrieved25 June 2015.
  37. ^"Doctors Wear Scarlet".British Film Institute. Archived fromthe original on 18 January 2009. Retrieved30 August 2011.
  38. ^"The Howling".Variety. 31 December 1980. Retrieved25 June 2015.
  39. ^Anderson, Jeffrey M."Joe Dante interview @ Combustible Celluloid".combustiblecelluloid.com. Retrieved25 June 2015.
  40. ^"The Hot Touch". Sky Movies. Retrieved25 June 2015.
  41. ^"The Hot Touch". Alibris.com. Retrieved25 June 2015.
  42. ^"Shadey".imdB. Archived fromthe original on 17 January 2009. Retrieved26 June 2015.
  43. ^The Essential Monster Movie Guide: A Century of Creatures in Film by Stephen Jones and Forrest J. Ackerman.
  44. ^Alan Goble (1999).The Complete Index to Literary Sources in Film. Walter de Gruyter. p. 371.ISBN 978-3-11-095194-3. Retrieved26 June 2015.
  45. ^John Bush (2014)."The Masque of the Red Death (1989)". Movies & TV Dept.The New York Times. Archived fromthe original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved26 June 2015.
  46. ^Wheeler W. Dixon (2000).The Second Century of Cinema: The Past and Future of the Moving Image. SUNY Press. p. 67.ISBN 978-0-7914-4515-0. Retrieved26 June 2015.Larry Brand's 1989 adaptation of Masque of the red Death, produced, not coincidentally, for Corman's new production company, Concorde/New Horizons,...
  47. ^"Masque of the Red Death, The 2. US movie (1989). Concorde". Encyclopedia of Fantasy (1997). Archived fromthe original on 10 October 2014.Roger Corman has made two movies with this title. 1. UK/US movie (1964). Anglo Amalgamated. Pr George Willoughby. Exec pr Nat Cohen, Stuart Levy. Dir Corman. 2. US movie (1989). Concorde. Pr Corman. Dir Larry Brand. Screenplay Brand, Daryl Haney.
  48. ^"Die Maske des roten Todes Masque of the Red Death (1989), US" (in German). moviepilot.de. Retrieved26 June 2015.
  49. ^Joe Bob Briggs (17 November 1989)."Spirit Can't Be Revived In Remake Of 'Red Death'".Orlando Sentinel.Archived from the original on 26 June 2015. Retrieved26 June 2015.
  50. ^Dawn B. Sova (2007).Critical Companion to Edgar Allan Poe: A Literary Reference to His Life and Work. Infobase Publishing. p. 112.ISBN 978-1-4381-0842-1. Retrieved26 June 2015.Corman's The Masque of the Red Death (1964), an ultrastylish adaptation starring Vincent Price as the dissipated Prince Prospero ... In his 1989 remake, titled Masque of the Red Death, starring Adrian Paul, Clare Hoak, Jeff Osterhage, Patric Macnee, and Tracey ...
  51. ^Thomas S. Hischak (2012).American Literature on Stage and Screen: 525 Works and Their Adaptations. McFarland. p. 141.ISBN 978-0-7864-9279-4. Retrieved26 June 2015.The 1964 British movie by American director Roger Corman added Poe's story Hop-Frog to the Masque of the red Death to make a feature film.
  52. ^Godfrey Cheshire,The Avengers – Sputtering Spies: Steed and Peel Lack Appeal,Variety, 17 August 1998. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
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  54. ^Mick LaSalle,'Avengers' Is a Crime,San Francisco Chronicle, 15 August 1998. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  55. ^"Assault on the Tower".IMDb.
  56. ^"For the Term of His Natural Life".The Australian Women's Weekly. National Library of Australia. 13 January 1982. p. 96. Retrieved25 June 2015.
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  58. ^Flick, Larry (15 June 1996), "Singles: Pop".Billboard.108 (24):74

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