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Patriarch of Lisbon Patriarcha Olisiponensis Patriarca de Lisboa | |
|---|---|
| Archbishopric | |
| catholic | |
%2c_cropped.png) Rui I, the current Patriarch of Lisbon | |
 Coat of arms | |
| Incumbent: Patriarch Rui I of Lisbon | |
| Location | |
| Country | Portugal |
| Ecclesiastical province | Patriarchate of Lisbon |
| Information | |
| First holder | Tomás de Almeida |
| Denomination | Catholic |
| Established | 1716 |
| Diocese | Patriarchate of Lisbon |
| Cathedral | Patriarchal Cathedral of St. Mary Major |
| Website | |
| www | |
ThePatriarch of Lisbon (Latin:Patriarcha Olisiponensis,Portuguese:Patriarca de Lisboa), also called theCardinal-Patriarch of Lisbon once he has been madecardinal, is theordinarybishop of theArchdiocese of Lisbon. He is one of the fewpatriarchs in theLatin Church of the Catholic Church, along with the Patriarchs ofVenice, theEast Indies, andJerusalem.
The diocese ofLisbon was created in the 4th century, but it lay vacant after 716 when the city was captured by theMoors; the diocese was restored whenthe city was captured by kingAfonso I of Portugal during theSecond Crusade in 1147. In 1393, Lisbon was raised to the dignity of a metropolitan archdiocese byPope Boniface IX with the papal bullIn eminentissimae dignitatis.[1] In 1716, at the request ofKing John V,Pope Clement XI issued the bullIn Supremo Apostolatus Solio granting the rank of Patriarch to the King's Chaplain, who had since been made Archbishop of West Lisbon.
The bullInter praecipuas apostolici ministerii, issued byPope Clement XII in 1737, established that whoever was appointed Patriarch of Lisbon was to be elevated to the rank ofcardinal at the next consistory.[2] Lisbon is the only episcopal see to enjoy this distinction, while other patriarchs are made cardinals by custom only.
The See of Lisbon has been granted extraordinary ceremonial privileges. The Patriarchs of Lisbon were entitled to unique rights of vesture and ceremony that imitated the grandeur of the papal court: notably, the cassocks of his cathedral canons were scarlet[3] (like those of cardinals), and hischapter has three orders like those of the College of Cardinals.
Among the unique privileges granted to the Patriarch of Lisbon (and never withdrawn, though most have fallen into disuse) were the right to wear thefanon,subcinctorium andfalda, vestments otherwise reserved for the Pope. A unique mitre, similar to thepapal tiara, was conceded at the same time. The Patriarch was also allowed to use asedia gestatoria along with twoflabella for processions — the practice of receiving Holy Communion at the throne in solemn Masses was not conceded to the Patriarch of Lisbon, however.[4]
Also notably, the Patriarch of Lisbon can use a papal tiara (without the cross keys of Saint Peter) over his coat of arms.[5]
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