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| Alternative names | pastel,patil,patel,patir,pater,paster |
|---|---|
| Course | Main dish |
| Place of origin | Philippines |
| Region or state | Maguindanao |
| Main ingredients | white rice,glutinous rice, shredded beef/chicken/fish |
| Similar dishes | binalot,piyoso &nasi dagang |
Pastil is aFilipino dish made withsteamed rice wrapped inbanana leaves with dry shredded beef, chicken, or fish. It originates from theMaguindanao people and is a popular, cheap breakfast meal inMindanao, especially amongMuslim Filipinos.[1]Pastil is also known aspatil,patel,patir, orpater inMaranao; andpaster inIranun.[2][3]
The meat or fish component of the dish is known as thekagikit. It is usually shredded beef or chicken. The meat is cooked similarly toadobo (but without the vinegar). It is boiled and then shredded. Garlic and onions aresautéed in a pan and the shredded meat is added.Soy sauce (oroyster sauce),black pepper, and salt to taste are added and allowed to simmer until they evaporate.Palapa or chili pastes are also traditionally added sinceMuslim Filipino dishes are almost always spicy.[4] Shredded grilled fish can also be used; usuallykatipa (walking catfish) ordalag (common snakehead) mixed with coconut meat.[1][5]
The white rice is mixed with a littleglutinous rice, steamed, placed on oiledbanana leaves and wrapped as a thick cylinder with a strip of the meat filling extending along the length of the rice or covering one side of the rice. The leaf is then wrapped around the mixture with the ends tucked inside.[6][7] The Maranao version of the dish, pater, is usually made withturmeric-infused rice (kuning) which gives it a bright yellow color.[8]Pastil ishalal food, and thus pork is never used.[8]
Pastil is traditionally served with vegetables soaked in vinegar as aside dish, like cucumber ortogue (mung bean sprouts), to neutralize the saltiness of thekagikit. A hard-boiled egg may also be included to complement the meal. It is usually eaten withcoffee orTsokolate (hot chocolate) for breakfast ormerienda.[2][1][9]Pastil are commonly sold by restaurants and street vendors in Muslim communities inMindanao and throughout the islands, for example,General Santos hosts several restaurants serving this with side dishes. It is also sold as a cheap snack or breakfast in Metro Manila's Muslim areas like Maharlika Village inTaguig and Quiapo inManila.[2][1] InLanao del Sur,Lanao del Norte, andNorthern Mindanao, restaurants or food stalls that specialize in the Maranao version (pater) are calledpateran.[3][8]
Pastil is similar to northern Filipino wrapped meat dishes likebinalot, but it differs by using shredded meat or fish instead of whole meat portions.[2][1]
Its popularity has led to various adaptations outside Mindanao, some of which have sparked controversy. In particular, versions that package pastil in bottles or use pork—prohibited (haram) in Islam—have been criticized forcultural appropriation. The National Commission on Muslim Filipinos launched an investigation into misleadingly labeled non-halal dishes, including "pork pastil," "palapork," "pork biryani," and "pork shawarma."[10][11]
A Bangsamoro official urged the public to avoid calling any wrapped dish made with pork "pastil" and to use alternative names instead. However, they expressed support for the broader appreciation of pastil beyond the Muslim community.[12]
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