 | This articleneeds additional citations forverification. Please helpimprove this article byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Pasquale Stanislao Mancini" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(February 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Pasquale Mancini | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
| In office 29 May 1881 – 29 June 1885 | |
| Prime Minister | Agostino Depretis |
| Preceded by | Benedetto Cairoli |
| Succeeded by | Carlo Felice Nicolis |
| Minister of Justice | |
| In office 25 March 1876 – 24 March 1878 | |
| Prime Minister | Agostino Depretis |
| Preceded by | Paolo Onorato Vigliani |
| Succeeded by | Raffaele Conforti |
| Minister of Public Education | |
| In office 4 March 1862 – 31 March 1862 | |
| Prime Minister | Urbano Rattazzi |
| Preceded by | Francesco de Sanctis |
| Succeeded by | Carlo Matteucci |
| Member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies | |
| In office 18 February 1861 – 26 December 1888 | |
| Constituency | Naples |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Pasquale Stanislao Mancini (1817-03-17)17 March 1817 |
| Died | 26 December 1888(1888-12-26) (aged 71) |
| Political party | Historical Left |
| Spouse(s) | ; her death |
| Children | 11 children |
| Alma mater | University of Naples Federico II |
| Profession | Jurist,statesman |
Pasquale Stanislao Mancini, 8th Marquess of Fusignano (17 March 1817 – 26 December 1888) was anItalianjurist andstatesman.
Mancini was born inCastel Baronia, in theKingdom of the Two Sicilies (present-dayProvince of Avellino). He became well established in intellectual circles inNaples, editing and publishing a number of newspapers and journals, and gained a reputation in law after the 1841 publication of his correspondence withTerenzio Mamiani on the right to punish.[1] He did not attend university, but rather was educated privately, and was granted a law degree in 1844 by a special exemption.[1]
In 1848 he was instrumental in persuadingFerdinand II to participate in the war againstAustria. Twice he declined the offer of a portfolio in the Neapolitan cabinet, and upon the triumph of the reactionary party undertook the defence of the Liberal political prisoners.
Threatened with imprisonment in his turn, he fled toPiedmont, where he obtained a professorship at theUniversity of Turin and became preceptor of thecrown prince Humbert. In 1860 he prepared the legislative unification of Italy, opposed the idea of an alliance between Piedmont and Naples, and, after the fall of theBourbons, was sent to Naples as administrator of justice, in which capacity he suppressed thereligious institutes, revoked theConcordat, proclaimed the right of the state to Church property, and unified civil and commercialjurisprudence.
In 1862 he became minister of public instruction in theRattazzi cabinet, and induced the Chamber to abolishcapital punishment. Thereafter, for fourteen years, he devoted himself chiefly to questions ofinternational law[2] andarbitration,[3] but in 1876, upon the advent of the Left to power, became minister of justice in theDepretis cabinet. His Liberalism found expression in the extension of press freedom, the repeal of imprisonment for debt, and the abolition ofecclesiasticaltithes.
During theConclave of 1878 he succeeded, by negotiations with Cardinal Pecci (afterwardsLeo XIII), in inducing theSacred College to remain inRome, and, after the election of the new pope, arranged for his temporary absence from theVatican for the purpose of settling private business. Resigning office in March 1878, he resumed the practice of law, and secured the annulment ofGaribaldi's marriage. The fall of Cairoli led to Mancini's appointment (1881) to the ministry of foreign affairs in the Depretis administration. The growing desire in Italy for alliance withAustria andGermany did not at first secure his approval; nevertheless he accompanied King Humbert toVienna and conducted the negotiations which led to the informal acceptance of theTriple Alliance.
His desire to retainFrench confidence was the chief motive of his refusal in July 1882 to share in theBritish expedition toEgypt, but, finding his efforts fruitless when the existence of the Triple Alliance came to be known, he veered to the English interest and obtained assent inLondon to the Italian expedition toMassawa.[4] An indiscreet announcement of the limitations of the Triple Alliance contributed to his fall in June 1885, when he was succeeded byCount di Robilant.
He married poetLaura Beatrice Mancini in 1840,[5] and she ran aliterary salon for liberal-minded Neapolitans out of their house.[1] His daughter Rosa marriedTeodorico Bonacci who was himself twice Minister of Justice, and their daughterAnna Bonacci was a famous writer and actress.[6]
He died in Naples in December 1888.[7]
This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Mancini, Pasquale Stanislao".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 554..svg)
