Pascal Bruckner | |
|---|---|
 Bruckner in 2017 | |
| Born | (1948-12-15)15 December 1948 (age 76) |
| Education | |
| Alma mater | Paris I Paris VII Diderot École Pratique des Hautes Études |
| Philosophical work | |
| Era | 20th-/21st-century philosophy |
| Region | Western philosophy |
| School | Continental philosophy Nouveaux Philosophes |
| Institutions | Institut d'Études Politiques de Paris |
| Main interests | Political philosophy |
| Notable ideas | Criticism of the "White Man's Burden" concept |
Pascal Bruckner (French:[bʁyknɛʁ]; born 15 December 1948 in Paris) is a French writer, one of the "New Philosophers" who came to prominence in the 1970s and 1980s. Much of his work has been devoted to critiques of French society and culture.[1]
Bruckner attendedJesuit schools in his youth.[2]
After studies at the universities ofParis I andParis VII Diderot, and then at theÉcole Pratique des Hautes Études, Bruckner becamemaître de conférences at theInstitut d'Études Politiques de Paris and a contributor to theNouvel Observateur.
Bruckner began writing in the vein of thenouveaux philosophes or New Philosophers. He publishedParias (Parias),Lunes de fiel (Evil Angels) (adapted as a film byRoman Polanski) andLes voleurs de beauté (The Beauty Stealers) (Prix Renaudot in 1997). Among his essays areLa tentation de l'innocence ("The Temptation of Innocence,"Prix Médicis in 1995) and, famously,Le Sanglot de l'homme blanc (The Tears of the White Man), an attack on narcissistic and destructive policies intended to benefit the Third World, and more recentlyLa Tyrannie de la pénitence (2006), a book on the West's endless self-criticism, translated as "The Tyranny of Guilt" (2010).
From 1992 to 1999, Bruckner was a supporter of theCroatian,Bosniak andAlbanian causes in theYugoslav Wars, and endorsed theNATO bombing of Yugoslavia in 1999. In 2003, he supported theIraq War, but later criticized the mistakes of the U.S. military and the use of torture inAbu Ghraib andGuantanamo.[citation needed]
In 2009, he signed a petition in support of Roman Polanski, calling for his release after Polanski was arrested in Switzerland in relation to his1977 charge for drugging and raping a 13-year-old girl.[3]
Le Sanglot de l'homme blanc (The White Man's Tears), published by the Éditions le Seuil in May 1983, was a controversial opus. The author describes the anti-Western and pro-Third-World sentimentalism of the Left in the West. The essay had an influence on a whole trend of thought, especially onMaurice Dantec andMichel Houellebecq. The title is a variation onKipling's "White Man's Burden".
Bruckner's 2006 workLa Tyrannie de la pénitence: Essai sur le masochisme Occidental (The Tyranny of Guilt: An Essay on Western Masochism) focuses on the origin and political impact of the contemporary political culture of Western guilt.[4][5]
Bruckner's polemic stance against the ethnocentric nature of some discourses ofmulticulturalism has kindled an international debate.[6] In an article titled "Enlightenment Fundamentalism or Racism of the Anti-Racists?", he defendedAyaan Hirsi Ali in particular against the criticisms fromIan Buruma andTimothy Garton Ash. According to Bruckner, modern philosophers fromHeidegger toGadamer,Derrida,Max Horkheimer andTheodor Adorno have mounted a broad attack on the Enlightenment, claiming that "all the evils of our epoch were spawned by this philosophical and literary episode: capitalism, colonialism, totalitarianism."[6] Bruckner agrees that the history of the twentieth century attests to the potential of modernity for fanaticism, but argues that the modern thought that issued from the Enlightenment proved capable of criticizing its own errors, and that "Denouncing the excesses of the Enlightenment in the concepts that it forged means being true to its spirit."[6]
Bruckner's book,Un bon fils, was translated and published in English in 2016, under the titleA Dutiful Son. It was first published in France in 2014.[7]
The memoir "charts his journey from pious Catholic child to leading philosopher and writer on French culture. The key figure in Bruckner's life is his father, a virulent anti-Semite, who voluntarily went to work in Germany during the Second World War. He is a violent man who beats his wife. The young Bruckner soon reacts against his father and his revenge is to become his polar opposite, even to the point of being happy to be called a ‘Jewish thinker’, which he is not. ‘My father helped me to think better by thinking against him. I am his defeat.’ Despite this opposition, he remains tied to his father to the very end. He has other ‘fathers’, men such as Sartre, Vladimir Jankélévitch and Roland Barthes who fostered his philosophical development, and describes his friendship with his ‘philosophical twin brother’,Alain Finkielkraut."[8]
Pascal Bruckner tyranny.
