Unity Party Egységes Párt | |
|---|---|
 Logo of the party seen during the early to late 1930s. | |
| Leader | István Bethlen(1922–1932) Gyula Gömbös(1932–1936) Béla Imrédy(1938–1939) Miklós Kállay(1942–1944) |
| Founder | István Bethlen |
| Founded | 2 February 1922 (1922-02-02) |
| Dissolved | 23 March 1944 (1944-03-23) |
| Merger of | KNEP (partial) andOKGFP |
| Headquarters | Budapest,Hungary |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | 1922–1932: Right-wing[4] 1932–1944: Far-right[5] |
| Party flag | |
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| Part ofa series on |
| Conservatism in Hungary |
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Organisations |
TheUnity Party (Hungarian:Egységes Párt), officially theCatholic-Protestant Farmers, Smallholders, and Civic Party orChristian Farmers, Smallholders and Civic Party (Hungarian:Keresztény-Keresztyén Földmíves-, Kisgazda- és Polgári Párt), was theruling party of theKingdom of Hungary from 1922 to 1944.
It was founded in early 1922, and in the same year they won an electoral landslide in theparliamentary election.[6] Initially, the party wasconservative andagrarian but in the early 1930s itsfascist faction grew to become the largest, and shortly after they established a militia.[7] The main leader of the fascist faction wasGyula Gömbös, who served as the prime minister from 1932 to 1936.[8] When he came to power, the party was renamed toNational Unity Party (Hungarian:Nemzeti Egység Pártja).
Gömbös declared the party's intention to achieve "total control of the nation's social life".[9] In the1935 Hungarian Election, Gömbös promoted the creation of a "unitary Hungarian nation with no class distinctions".[10] The party won a huge majority of the seats of the Hungarian parliament in theHungarian election of May 1939.[11] It won 72 percent of the parliament's seats and won 49 percent of the popular vote in the election.[5] This was a major breakthrough for thefar-right in Hungary.[5] The party promoted nationalist propaganda and some of its members sympathized with the NaziArrow Cross Party.[5] In 1939, the party was renamed to theParty of Hungarian Life (Hungarian:Magyar Élet Pártja).
It was also called "the Government Party" since it was the governing party of the Kingdom of Hungary during the existence of the Horthy era.[8] A faction of the most pro-Nazi members led by the party's former leaderBéla Imrédy split from the party October 1940 to form theParty of Hungarian Renewal [Wikidata] (Magyar Megújulás Pártja) that sought to explicitly "solve" the "Jewish Problem."
| Election | Votes | Seats | Rank | Government | Leader | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | % | ±pp | # | +/− | ||||
| 1922 | 623,201 | 38.2% |  38.2 | 140 / 245 | 140 | 1st | Unity Party | István Bethlen |
| 1926 | 482,086 | 42.2% | 4.0 | 161 / 245 | 21 | 1st | Unity Party | István Bethlen |
| 1931 | 603,576 | 40.0% |  2.2 | 149 / 245 | 12 | 1st | Unity Party | István Bethlen |
| 1935 | 879,474 | 44.6% | 4.6 | 164 / 245 | 15 | 1st | Party of National Unity | Gyula Gömbös |
| 1939 | 1,824,573 | 49.5% | 4.9 | 181 / 260 | 17 | 1st | Party of Hungarian Life | Pál Teleki |
