Nationalist Republican Party Partido Republicano Nacionalista | |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1923 |
| Dissolved | 1926 |
| Merger of | Republican Liberal Party Reconstitution Party National Republican Party |
| Headquarters | Lisbon,Portugal |
| Ideology | Sidonism Conservatism Nationalism Social conservatism |
| Political position | Right-wing |
TheNationalist Republican Party (Portuguese:Partido Republicano Nacionalista, PRN, usually calledNationalists) was aright-wingrepublicanparty during theFirst Portuguese Republic. It was founded as a merger of theRepublican Liberal Party, theReconstitution Party[1] and some elements of the oldNational Republican Party ofSidónio Pais. Initially with moderate conservative orientation, it drifted increasingly to the right, making concessions to Catholic constituencies towards the end of the First Republic.[2]
After the leader of the Republican Liberal Party (PRL),António Granjo, was assassinated in the "Bloody Night" of 19 October 1921, the Liberals and Reconstituents started negotiations to merge the two parties in 1922. On 7 February 1923, the public manifesto of the Nationalist Republican Party was finally signed. The party constituted a "bloc of the Rights", intended to incorporate both conservative republicans and frustrated monarchists.[1] It was designed to challenge the power of then hegemonicDemocratic Party. The adherents of PRN were predominantly proprietors, shopkeepers, militaries, public servants, physicians, and lawyers.[citation needed] It held close links with theBanco Nacional Ultramarino and other important banks and major corporations.[3]
On 15 November 1923, the Nationalists formed a government, led byAntónio Ginestal Machado.[4] It includedÓscar Carmona, future president of theEstado Novo, as minister of war and lasted one month. In December 1923,Álvaro de Castro left the PRN to form a new government, which did not include Nationalists, but Democrats, independents and members of the "New Cornfield". De Castro's government, which lasted until July 1924, was opposed by the PRN, most outspokenly byFrancisco Cunha Leal.
Notable leaders of the Nationalist Republican Party, besides Machado, includedTomé de Barros Queirós,Júlio Dantas, andJosé Mendes Cabeçadas, Cunha Leal, who left to found theLiberal Republican Union in 1926, and, after 1925, CommanderFilomeno da Câmara de Melo Cabral, one of the organisers of the 18 April 1925 Generals' Coup.[5]
The secession of the Liberal Republican Union in March 1926, and the beginning of theDitadura Nacional at the end of May of the same year, marked the end of the Nationalist Republican Party. In the early 1930s many former members of the PRN joined theNational Union, ruling party of theEstado Novo.
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