Indonesian Christian Party Partai Kristen Indonesia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Abbreviation | Parkindo |
| Chairman | Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes(first) Melanchton Siregar(last) |
| Secretary-General | Maryoto(first) Sabam Sirait(last) |
| Founded | 10 November 1945 |
| Dissolved | 11 January 1973 |
| Preceded by | Parki |
| Merged into | Indonesian Democratic Party |
| Succeeded by | Indonesian Christian Party 1945 Prosperous Peace Party(claimed) |
| Headquarters | Djakarta |
| Newspaper | Kemudi Sinar Harapan |
| Think tank | Association of Indonesian Christian Intelligence |
| Student wing | Indonesian Christian Student Movement Indonesian Christian Pupil Movement |
| Youth wing | Indonesian Christian Youth Movement |
| Women's wing | Indonesian Christian Women's Association |
| Armed wing | Arrow Division(during Indonesian National Revolution) |
| Membership | 1,049,475 (1969) |
| Ideology | Pancasila Christian democracy |
| Political position | Centre-right |
| Religion | Protestant |
TheIndonesian Christian Party (Indonesian:Partai Kristen Indonesia), better known asParkindo, was aChristian political party active inIndonesia from 1950 until 1973, when it was merged to make theIndonesian Democratic Party.
Founded byJohannes Leimena andMelanchton Siregar, the former Military Governor ofNorth Sumatra, who was known as a local teacher inTarutung. Its support was concentrated inProtestant areas of Indonesia. It had considerable influence despite the small number of Christians in Indonesia due to the large numbers of Christians in the civil service, thearmy and educational establishments and because of the high profile of party leader Johannes Leimena who served in severalIndonesian cabinets and as deputy prime minister.[1] In the1955 Indonesian legislative election, the party won 2.6% of the vote and eight seats in thePeople's Representative Council.[2] However, in the1971 elections, the last it contested before being merged into theIndonesian Democratic Party, it gained only 1.34% of the vote.[3][4]
The first Christian party in theDutch East Indies was the Christelijk Ethische Partij (transl. Christian Ethic Party), which was established on 25 September 1917.[5] According to the constitution of the party, the party strives to make the statutes of God, as revealed in the Holy Scriptures, nature and history, the foundation of the political life in the Dutch East Indies. At the formation of the party, it had around 800 members. The party also invited native Indonesians, which was a rarity for Dutch-majority party at that time. The party changed its name to Christenlijk Staatkundige Partij (transl. Christian Constitutional Party) on 1929. The party gained five seats in the1935 Dutch East Indies Volksraad election, on which three seats to the native Indonesians, and two seats to Europeans.[6]
The party was established following the decree by the government on 3 November 1945 to form "as many political parties as possible" in Indonesia. The decree was an attempt by the government to eradicate rumors that stated that Sukarno and Hatta would make Indonesia aone-party state, governed by theIndonesian National Party. Six days after the decree, Christian politicians of Indonesia held a meeting to discuss the possibility of establishing a party for Christians. The meeting was held in the Pasundan Church. The Protestants sentBasuki Probowinoto, Todung Sutan Gunung Mulia, Fredrick Laoh,Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes, J. K. Panggabean, Soedarsono, Maryoto andMartinus Abednego, while the Catholics sent Suradi and Hadi. After the delegates agreed to form a political party, the Catholic delegates withdrew from the meeting, giving the reason that they had to talk about it first with the leaders of the Catholic Church.[7]
The meeting finally produced an agreement to form a party for Christians under the nameNational Christian Party (Indonesian:Partai Kristen Nasional). The name was proposed by Todung Sutan Gunung Mulia. The delegates choseWilhelmus Zakaria Johannes as the chairman and Maryoto as the general secretary by acclamation. On 10 November 1945, the delegates declared the formation of the National Christian Party.[8]
| # | Portrait | Name (Birth – Death) | Term of office[9] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
| 1 |  | Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes (1895 – 1952) | 9 November 1945 | 7 December 1945 | 28 days | |
| 2 |  | Basuki Probowinoto (1917 – 1989) | 7 December 1945 | 9 April 1950 | 4 years, 123 days | |
| 3 |  | Johannes Leimena (1905 – 1977) | 9 April 1950 | 5 February 1961 | 10 years, 298 days | |
| 4 |  | A. M. Tambunan (1910 – 1970) | 5 February 1961 | 22 October 1967 | 6 years, 263 days | |
| 5 | _di_Republik_Indonesia%2c_p346.jpg) | Melanchton Siregar (1912 – 1975) | 22 October 1967 | 11 January 1973 | 5 years, 81 days | |
| Election | Total seats won | Total votes | Share of votes | Outcome of election | Party leader |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| April 1955 | 8 / 257 | 1,003,325 | 2.6%[10] |  8 seats | Johannes Leimena |
| December 1955 | 16 / 514 | 988,810 | 2.61%[10] | 8 seats | Johannes Leimena |
| 1971 | 7 / 360 | 733,359 | 1.34%[10] |  9 seats | Melanchton Siregar |
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