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Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

PTH1R

Available structures

PDB

Ortholog search:PDBe RCSB

List of PDB id codes
1BL1,3C4M,3H3G,3L2J,4Z8J

Identifiers

Aliases

PTH1R, PFE, PTHR, PTHR1, Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor, EKNS

External IDs

OMIM:168468;MGI:97801;HomoloGene:267;GeneCards:PTH1R;OMA:PTH1R - orthologs

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 3 (human)^[1]

Band	3p21.31	Start	46,877,721bp^[1]
Band	3p21.31	End	46,903,799bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 9 (mouse)^[2]

Band	9 F2\|9 60.56 cM	Start	110,722,085bp^[2]
Band	9 F2\|9 60.56 cM	End	110,747,145bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

tibia

human kidney

right adrenal cortex

right lobe of liver

periodontal fiber

metanephric glomerulus

left adrenal cortex

right lung

kidney tubule

apex of heart

Top expressed in

right kidney

proximal tubule

human kidney

body of femur

calvaria

clavicle

dermis

internal carotid artery

membranous bone

ankle

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	G protein-coupled receptor activity parathyroid hormone receptor activity signal transducer activity protein self-association peptide hormone binding protein binding transmembrane signaling receptor activity protein homodimerization activity G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity
Cellular component	cytoplasm integral component of membrane membrane receptor complex plasma membrane intracellular anatomical structure brush border membrane basolateral plasma membrane apical plasma membrane nucleus integral component of plasma membrane
Biological process	skeletal system development G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway bone mineralization chondrocyte differentiation ossification positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger ageing cellular calcium ion homeostasis cell maturation bone resorption phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cell surface receptor signaling pathway positive regulation of cell population proliferation osteoblast development signal transduction negative regulation of cell population proliferation adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
Sources:Amigo /QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


5745


19228

Ensembl


ENSG00000160801


ENSMUSG00000032492

UniProt


Q03431


P41593

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_000316 NM_001184744


NM_001083935 NM_001083936 NM_011199

RefSeq (protein)


NP_000307 NP_001171673


NP_001077404 NP_001077405 NP_035329

Location (UCSC)

Chr 3: 46.88 – 46.9 Mb

Chr 9: 110.72 – 110.75 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor, also known asparathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R), is aprotein that in humans is encoded by thePTH1Rgene. PTH1R functions as areceptor for parathyroid hormone (PTH) and for parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), also called parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH).

Function

[edit]

This "classical" PTH receptor is expressed in high levels inbone andkidney and regulatescalcium ion homeostasis through activation ofadenylate cyclase andphospholipase C.^[5]^[6] In bone, it is expressed on the surface ofosteoblasts. When the receptor is activated through PTH binding, osteoblasts express RANKL (Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kB Ligand), which binds to RANK (Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kB) on osteoclasts. This turns onosteoclasts to ultimately increase the resorption rate.

Mechanism

[edit]

It is a member of thesecretin family ofG protein-coupled receptors. The activity of this receptor is mediated byG_s protein, which activatesadenylyl cyclase. Besides this, they also activate thephosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system.

Pathology

[edit]

Defects in this receptor are known to be the cause ofJansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (JMC) andchondrodysplasia Blomstrand type (BOCD) as well asenchondromatosis^[7] and primary failure of tooth eruption.^[8]

Interactions

[edit]

Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor has been shown tointeract withSodium-hydrogen exchange regulatory cofactor 2^[9] andSodium-hydrogen antiporter 3 regulator 1.^[9]

References

[edit]

^^a ^b ^cGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000160801 –Ensembl, May 2017
^^a ^b ^cGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032492 –Ensembl, May 2017
^"Human PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Mannstadt M, Jüppner H, Gardella TJ (Nov 1999)."Receptors for PTH and PTHrP: their biological importance and functional properties".The American Journal of Physiology.277 (5 Pt 2): F665-75.doi:10.1152/ajprenal.1999.277.5.F665.PMID 10564229. Archived fromthe original on 2009-02-13. Retrieved2007-12-17.
^Offermanns S, Iida-Klein A, Segre GV, Simon MI (May 1996)."G alpha q family members couple parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide and calcitonin receptors to phospholipase C in COS-7 cells".Molecular Endocrinology.10 (5):566–74.doi:10.1210/mend.10.5.8732687.PMID 8732687.
^"Entrez Gene: PTH1R parathyroid hormone 1 receptor".
^Yamaguchi T, Hosomichi K, Narita A, Shirota T, Tomoyasu Y, Maki K, Inoue I (Jul 2011)."Exome resequencing combined with linkage analysis identifies novel PTH1R variants in primary failure of tooth eruption in Japanese".Journal of Bone and Mineral Research.26 (7):1655–61.doi:10.1002/jbmr.385.PMID 21404329.S2CID 23855913.
^^a ^bMahon MJ, Donowitz M, Yun CC, Segre GV (Jun 2002). "Na(+)/H(+ ) exchanger regulatory factor 2 directs parathyroid hormone 1 receptor signalling".Nature.417 (6891):858–61.Bibcode:2002Natur.417..858M.doi:10.1038/nature00816.PMID 12075354.S2CID 4379134.

External links

[edit]

"Parathyroid Hormone Receptors: PTH1".IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Archived fromthe original on 2011-05-16. Retrieved2008-12-09.
Receptor,+Parathyroid+Hormone,+Type+1 at the U.S. National Library of MedicineMedical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Cell surface receptor:G protein-coupled receptors

Class A:Rhodopsin-like

Neurotransmitter

Adrenergic	α1 (A B D) α2 (A B C) β1 β2 β3
Purinergic	Adenosine (A1 A2A A2B A3) P2Y (1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14)
Serotonin	(all but5-HT3)5-HT1 (A B D E F) 5-HT2 (A B C) 5-HT (4 5A 6 7)
Other	Acetylcholine (M1 M2 M3 M4 M5) Dopamine D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 GHB receptor Histamine H1 H2 H3 H4 Melatonin (1A 1B 1C) TAAR (1 2 5 6 8 9)

Metabolites and
signaling molecules

Eicosanoid	CysLT (1 2) LTB4 1 2 FPRL1 OXE Prostaglandin DP (1 2),EP (1 2 3 4),FP Prostacyclin Thromboxane
Other	Bile acid Cannabinoid (CB1 CB2,GPR (18 55 119)) EBI2 Estrogen Free fatty acid (1 2 3 4) Hydroxycarboxylic acids 1 2 3 Lysophosphatidic acid (1 2 3 4 5 6) Lysophospholipid (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8) Oxoglutarate PAF Sphingosine-1-phosphate (1 2 3 4 5) Succinate

Peptide

Neuropeptide

B/W (1
2)
FF (1
2)
S
Y (1
2
4
5)
Neuromedin (B
U (1
2))
Neurotensin (1
2)

Other

Anaphylatoxin (C3a
C5a (1
2))
Angiotensin (1
2)
Apelin
Bombesin
- BRS3
- GRPR
- NMBR)
- Bradykinin (B1
- B2)
Chemerin
- 1
- 2
Chemokine
Cholecystokinin (A
B)
Endothelin
- A
- B
Formyl peptide (1
2
3)
FSH
Galanin (1
2
3)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1
2)
Ghrelin
Kisspeptin
Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin
MAS (1
1L
D
E
F
G
X1
X2
X3
X4)
Melanocortin (1
2
3
4
5)
MCHR (1
2)
Motilin
Opioid (Delta
Kappa
Mu
Nociceptin &Zeta, but notSigma)
Orexin (1
2)
Oxytocin
Prokineticin (1
2)
Prolactin-releasing peptide
Relaxin (1
2
3
4)
Somatostatin (1
2
3
4
5)
Tachykinin (1
2
3)
Thyrotropin
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Urotensin-II
Vasopressin (1A
1B
2)

Miscellaneous

Taste, bitter	TAS2R 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 13 14 16 19 20 30 31 38 39 40 41 42 43 45 46 50 60 Vomeronasal receptor type 1
Orphan	GPR (3 4 6 12 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 26 27 31 32 33 34 35 37 39 42 45 50 52 55 61 62 63 65 68 75 78 82 83 84 85 87 88 101 103 109A 119 132 135 137B 139 141 142 146 148 149 150 151 152 153 160 161 162 171 173 174 176 177 182 183)
Other	Adrenomedullin Olfactory Opsin (3 4 5 1LW 1MW 1SW RGR RRH) Protease-activated (1 2 3 4) SREB (1 2 3)

Class B:Secretin-like

Adhesion	ADGRB Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 2 3 ADGRC Cadherin 1 2 3 ADGRE EMR 1 2 3 CD97 ADGRG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ADGRL Latrophilin 1 2 3 ELTD1
Orphan	GPR (56 64 97 98 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 123 124 125 126 128 133 143 144 155 157)
Other	Calcitonin CALCRL Corticotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) Glucagon (GR GIPR GLP1R GLP2R) Growth-hormone-releasing hormone PACAPR1 GPR Methuselah-like proteins Parathyroid hormone (1 2) Secretin Vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 2)

Class C:Metabotropic glutamate /pheromone

Taste, sweet	TAS1R 1 2 3 Vomeronasal receptor, type 2
Other	Calcium-sensing receptor GABA_B (1 2) Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8)) GPRC6A GPR (156 158 179) RAIG (1 2 3 4)