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| Pannonian mixed forests | |
|---|---|
_4.jpg) Buchlov Nature Reserve | |
 location of the Pannonian mixed forests | |
| Ecology | |
| Realm | Palearctic |
| Biome | temperate broadleaf and mixed forests |
| Borders | |
| Geography | |
| Area | 307,720 km2 (118,810 sq mi) |
| Countries | |
| Conservation | |
| Conservation status | Critical/endangered |
| Protected | 55,223 km2 (18%)[1] |
ThePannonian mixed forests is atemperate broadleaf and mixed forestsecoregion in Europe. It covers an area of 307,720 km2 in all ofHungary, most ofSlovakia, about half ofCroatia andSlovenia, around a third ofBosnia and Herzegovina,Romania, andSerbia, and minor parts ofAustria,Czech Republic, andUkraine.
The plant communities include mixed oak-hornbeam forests, azoal floodplain vegetation and lowland to montane herb-grass steppes.
Mixed oak-hornbeam forests are mixed forests ofpedunculate oak andsessile oak andhornbeam. Sub-Mediterranean thermophilous bitter oak forests grow in warmer areas. These forests are dominated byQuercus pubescens,Quercus cerris, andQuercus frainetto mixed with other trees, mainlyFraxinus ornus andCarpinus orientalis. Higher elevation areas are dominated byEuropean beech andsilver birch,downy birch,European aspen and sometimes by conifersAbies alba,Picea abies,Pinus sylvestris,Pinus nigra.
Riparian forest and azoal floodplain vegetation occurs along rivers and lakes. It is dominated byPopulus nigra,Populus alba,Salix alba,Alnus glutinosa,Fraxinus oxycarpa,Ulmus minor andQuercus robur.Phragmites australis is dominant in most wetlands.
Lowland to montane herb-grass steppes dominate large areas of the ecoregion. The dominant species areStipa zalesskii,Bromus riparius and the shrubsPrunus fruticosa andPrunus spinosa.[2]
