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Pangasinan, officially theProvince of Pangasinan (Pangasinan:Luyag/Probinsia na Pangasinan,[paŋɡasiˈnan];[3]Ilocano:Probinsia ti Pangasinan;Tagalog:Lalawigan ng Pangasinan), is a coastalprovince in thePhilippines located in theIlocos Region ofLuzon. Its capital isLingayen whileSan Carlos City is the most populous. Pangasinan is in the western area ofLuzon alongLingayen Gulf and theSouth China Sea. It has a total land area of 5,451.01 square kilometres (2,104.65 sq mi).[1] According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 3,188,540.[4] The official number of registered voters in Pangasinan is 2,156,306.[5] The western portion of the province is part of the homeland of theSambal people, while the central and eastern portions are the homeland of thePangasinan people. Due to ethnic migration, theIlocano people settled in the province.
Pangasinan is the name of the province, the people and the spoken language. Indigenous Pangasinan speakers are estimated to number at least 2 million. The Pangasinan language, which is official in the province, is one of the officially recognized regional languages in the Philippines. Several ethnic groups enrich the cultural fabric of the province. Almost all of the people are Pangasinans and the rest are descendants of the Bolinao and Ilocano who settled the eastern and western parts of the province.[6] Pangasinan is spoken as a second language by many ethnic minorities in Pangasinan. The minority ethnic groups are theBolinao-speakingZambals, andIlocanos.
Popular tourist attractions in Pangasinan include theHundred Islands National Park inAlaminos the white-sand beaches ofBolinao andDasol.Dagupan is known for its Bangus Festival ("Milkfish Festival"). Pangasinan is also known for its mangoes and ceramic oven-bakedPuto Calasiao (native rice cake). Pangasinan occupies astrategicgeo-political position in the central plain of Luzon. Pangasinan has been described as the gateway to northern Luzon.
The namePangasinan means "place of salt" or "place of salt-making"; it is derived from the prefixpang-, meaning "for", the root wordasin, meaning "salt", and suffix-an, signifying "location". TheSpanish form of the province's name,Pangasinán, remains predominant, albeit withoutdiacritics and so does its pronunciation:[paŋɡasiˈnan]. The province is a major producer of salt in the Philippines. Its major products includebagoong ("shrimp-paste") and alamang ("salted-krill").
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Pangasinan, like the rest of the Philippines, was settled byAustronesian peoples by sea during theAustronesian expansion. They established settlements along theLingayen Gulf and was part of theancient Austronesian trade routes toIndia,China, andJapan, since at least the 8th century. The primary industry along the coastal areas was salt-making, which is the origin of the name "Pangasinan" ("place of salt-making"). The interior lands were called "Caboloan" ("place of bolo bamboos"), referring to the abundance of bolo bamboo (Gigantochloa levis).[7]
Pangasinan is identified with "Feng-jia-shi-lan" which appears inMing Dynasty Chinese records. They are believed to have sent emissaries to China with symbolic "tributes" from 1403 to 1405, which wasrequired to establish trade relations.[8]
In the 16th century, Pangasinan was called the "Port of Japan" by the Spanish. The locals wore native apparel typical of other maritime Southeast Asian ethnic groups in addition to Japanese and Chinese silks. Even common people were clad in Chinese and Japanese cotton garments. They blackened their teeth and were disgusted by the white teeth of foreigners which were likened to that of animals. They used porcelain jars typical of Japanese and Chinese households. Japanese-style gunpowder weapons were encountered in naval battles in the area.[9] In exchange for these goods, traders from all over Asia would come to trade primarily for gold and slaves, but also deerskins,civet and other local products. Other than a notably more extensive trade network with Japan and China they were culturally similar to other Luzon groups to the south.
Pangasinans were also described as a warlike people who were known for their resistance to Spanish conquest. Bishop Domingo Salazar described Pangasinans as the fiercest and cruelest in the land. They were untouched by Christianity but like Christians they used vintage wine in small quantities for sacramental practices. The church bragged that they, not the Spanish military, won the northern part of the Philippines for Spain. The church was strict with adulterers; the punishment was death for both parties. Pangasinans were known to take defeatedSambal, (Aeta) andNegrito warriors to sell as slaves to Chinese traders.[10]
On April 27, 1565, the SpanishconquistadorMiguel López de Legazpi arrived in the Philippine islands with about 500 soldiers and established a Spanish settlement. On May 24, 1570, the Spanish forces defeatedRajah Sulayman and other rulers of Manila and later declaredManila the capital of theSpanish East Indies. After securing Manila, the Spanish forces conquered the rest of the island of Luzon, including Pangasinan.
In 1571, the Spanish conquest of Pangasinan began with an expedition by the SpanishconquistadorMartín de Goiti, who came from the Spanish settlement in Manila throughPampanga. About a year later another Spanish conquistador,Juan de Salcedo, sailed toLingayen Gulf and landed at the mouth of theAgno River.Limahong, a Chinese pirate, fled to Pangasinan after his fleet was driven away from Manila in 1574. Limahong failed to establish a colony in Pangasinan, as an army led by de Salcedo chased him out of Pangasinan after a seven-month siege.
What is known today as the Province of Pangasinan dates back to an administrative and judicial district as early as 1580. Its capital was Lingayen, but its territorial boundaries were first delineated in 1611. Lingayen has remained the capital of the province except for a brief period during the revolutionary era whenSan Carlos City served as temporary administrative headquarters and during the slightly longer Japanese occupation, whenDagupan was the capital.[11]
The province of Pangasinan was formerly classified as analcaldía mayor de término or first-class civil province during the Spanish regime. Its territorial jurisdiction once included most of the province ofZambales and portions of what are now the Provinces ofTarlac and La Union.[11]By the end of the 1700s, Pangasinan had 19,836 native families and 719Spanish Filipino families.[12]: 539 [13]: 31, 54, 113
Andres Malong, a native chief of the town of Binalatongan (now named San Carlos City), liberated the province from Spanish rule in December 1660. The people of Pangasinan proclaimed Andres MalongAri na Pangasinan ("King of Pangasinan"). Pangasinan armies attempted to liberate the neighboring provinces of Pampanga and Ilocos, but were repelled by a Spanish-led coalition of loyalist tribal warriors and mercenaries. In February 1661, the newly independent Kingdom of Pangasinan fell to theCaptaincy General of the Philippines.
On November 3, 1762, the people of Pangasinan proclaimed independence from Spain after a rebellion led byJuan de la Cruz Palaris. The Pangasinan Revolt was sparked by news that Manila had fallen to the British on October 6, 1762. TheTraité de Paris ended theSeven Years' War among Britain, France, and Spain on March 1, 1763. On January 16, 1765, Juan de la Cruz Palaris was captured and Pangasinan was again subjugated by the Spanish.
TheKatipunan, a nationalist secret society, was founded on July 7, 1892, with the aim of uniting the peoples of the Philippines in the fight for independence and religious freedom. ThePhilippine Revolution began on August 23, 1896, and was led by theSupremo,Andrés Bonifacio. On November 18, 1897, a Katipunan council was formed in Western Pangasinan with Presidente Generalisimo Roman Manalang and General Mauro Ortiz.
GeneralEmilio Aguinaldo proclaimed Philippine independence on June 12, 1898.Dagupan, the major commercial center of Pangasinan, was surrounded by Katipunan forces on July 18, 1898. The Battle of Dagupan lasted from July 18 to 23 of that year with the surrender of 1,500 Spanish soldiers under Commander Federico J. Ceballos and Governor Joaquin de Orengochea. It was fought by local Katipuneros under the command of GeneralFrancisco Makabulos and the last remnants of the once mighty Spanish Army under General Ceballos. Three local heroes fought in the five-day battle, Don Daniel Maramba of Santa Barbara, Don Vicente Prado of San Jacinto and Don Juan Quezada of Dagupan. Their armies amassed in Dagupan making a last stand at the brick-walled Catholic Church.
Maramba led the liberation of the town of Santa Barbara on March 7, 1898, following a signal for simultaneous attack from Makabulos. Hearing that Santa Barbara fell to rebel forces, the Spanish in Dagupan attempted to retake the town but were repelled by Maramba's forces. After the setback, the Spanish decided to concentrate their forces in Lingayen in order to protect the provincial capital. This allowed Maramba to expand his operations to include Malasiqui, Urdaneta and Mapandan which he defeated in succession. He then defeated the town of Mangaldan before proceeding to the last Spanish garrison in Dagupan. On March 7, 1898, rebels under the command of Prado and Quesada attacked convents in the province of Zambales which now constitute western Pangasinan.
Attacked and brought under Filipino control were Alaminos, Agno, Anda, Alos, Bani, Balincaguin, Bolinao, Dasol, Eguia and Potot. The revolt then spread to Labrador, Sual, Salasa and many other towns in the west. The towns of Sual, Labrador, Lingayen, Salasa and Bayambang were occupied first by the forces of Prado and Quesada before they attacked Dagupan.
On April 17, 1898, General Makabulos appointed Prado as Politico-Military Governor of Pangasinan, with Quesada as his second-in-command. In May 1898, General Emilio Aguinaldo returned from his exile in Hong Kong following the signing of the Pact of Biac-na-Bato in December 1897. Aguinaldo's return renewed the flames of the revolution. On June 3, 1898, General Makabulos entered Tarlac.
So successful were theKatipunan in their many pitched battles against Spanish forces that on June 30, 1898, Spanish authorities decided to evacuate all forces to Dagupan for a last stand against the rebels. All civilian and military personnel, including volunteers from towns not yet in rebel hands, were ordered to go to Dagupan. Those who heeded this order were the volunteer forces of Mangaldan, San Jacinto, Pozorrubio, Manaoag, and Villasis. Among the items brought to Dagupan was the image of the Most Holy Rosary of the Virgin of Manaoag, the patroness of Pangasinan.
The siege began when the forces of Maramba and Prado converged in Dagupan on July 18, 1898. The arrival of General Makabulos strengthened the rebel forces until the Spanish, holed up inside the Catholic Church, surrendered five days later. The poorly armed Filipino rebels were no match for the Spanish and loyal Filipino soldiers holed inside the Church. The tempo of battle changed when the attackers under the command of Don Vicente Prado devised a crude means of protection to shield them from Spanish fire while advancing. They used trunks of bananas bundled up in sawali which enabled them to move towards the Church.
In 1901, towns of Nueva Ecija,Balungao,Rosales,San Quintin andUmingan were annexed to the province of Pangasinan, because they were further away from the capital and already considered pacified by US forces.[14]
On November 30, 1903, several municipalities from northern Zambales including Agno, Alaminos, Anda, Bani, Bolinao, Burgos, Dasol, Infanta and Mabini were ceded to Pangasinan by the American colonial government for historical basis.
Pangasinan and other parts of theSpanish East Indies were ceded to the Americans after theTreaty of Paris, which ended theSpanish–American War. During thePhilippine–American War Lieutenant Col.José Torres Bugallón of Salasa fought together with Gen. Antonio Luna to defend theFirst Philippine Republic against American colonization in Northern Luzon. Bugallon was killed in battle on February 5, 1899. The First Philippine Republic was abolished in 1901. In 1907 the Philippine Assembly was established and for the first time five residents of Pangasinan were elected as its district representatives.
In 1921, Mauro Navarro, representing Pangasinan in thePhilippine Assembly, sponsored a law to rename the town of Salasa to Bugallon in honor of General Bugallon.
Manuel L. Quezon was inaugurated as the first president of theCommonwealth of the Philippines with collaboration from theUnited States of America on November 15, 1935.
The 21st Infantry Division were stationed in Pangasinan during the pre-World War II era. Anti-Japanese Imperial military operations included the fall of Bataan and Corregidor along with aiding the USAFFE ground force from January to May 1942 and the Japanese Insurgencies and Allied Liberation in Pangasinan from 1942 to 1945.
After the declaration of Independence on July 4, 1946, Eugenio Perez, aLiberal Party congressman representing thefourth district of Pangasinan, was elected Speaker of the lowerLegislative House. He led the House until 1953 when theNacionalista Party became the dominant party.
Pangasinan, which is historically and geographically part of theCentral Luzon Region, was made politically part of theIlocos Region (Region I) by the gerrymandering ofFerdinand Marcos, even though Pangasinan has a distinct language and culture, Pangasinan. The political classification of Pangasinan as part of the Ilocos Region generated confusion among some Filipinos. The residents of Pangasinan are Ilocanos, even though Ilocanos constitute a minority in the province. Its economy is larger than the Ilocano provinces of Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur and La Union and its population is more than 50 percent of the population of Region 1.
The Philippine economy took a turn for the worse in the late 1960s and early 1970s, with the1969 Philippine balance of payments crisis being one of the early landmark events.[15] Economic analysts generally attribute this to the ramp-up on loan-funded government spending to promoteFerdinand Marcos’ 1969 reelection campaign.[15][16][17][18]: "43" [19][20] Many students from Pangasinan were part of the protests that began in 1970 and continued through 1971 and early 1972, calling for government and economic reforms.[21] In September 1972, one year before the expected end of his last constitutionally allowed term as president in 1973, Ferdinand Marcos finally placed the Philippines underMartial Law[21] - an act which allowed him to remain in power for fourteen more years, during which Pangasinan went through many social and economic ups and downs.[21]
Thehuman rights abuses,crony capitalism,propagandistic construction projects, andpersonal expensive lifestyles of the Marcos Family[21] prompted opposition from various Filipino citizens despite the risks of arrest andtorture.[22] The PangasinanPhilippine Constabulary (PC) Provincial Camp inLingayen[23]: 48 (renamed Camp Antonio Sison in 2017)[24] was so full ofpolitical prisoners that the chapel, which measured a mere 4x9 meters, was divided in two by a wall of bars, with one part treated as a jail.[23]: 174 Among the most prominent human rights violations victims the regime were student leader Eduardo Aquino who was fromMapandan, Pangasinan and beauty queen turned activist Maita Gomez ofBautista, Pangasinan. Aquino was ambushed by Soldiers during a meeting of activists in Tarlac, while Gomez was jailed numerous times, but survived to be co-founder of women's rights groupGABRIELA. Both were eventually recognized by having their names posthumously inscribed on the wall of remembrance of the Philippines'Bantayog ng mga Bayani, which honors the martyrs and heroes which fought the dictatorship.
In February 1986, both the COMELEC and the NAMFREL counts showed that Corazon Aquino had won the city of Dagupan (in the north along with the provinces of Benguet and Mountain Province) during the1986 Philippine presidential election,[25] despite widely acknoweledged election fraud meant to assure a victory forFerdinand Marcos.[26][27] Weeks later, Vice Chief of Staff GeneralFidel V. Ramos, a Pangasinense who was head of the Philippine Integrated National Police, became an instrumental figure in theEDSA people power revolution which removed Ferdinand Marcos and compelled him to flee the country.
After the downfall of Marcos all local government unit executives were ordered byPresidentCorazon Aquino to vacate their posts. Some local executives were ordered to return to their seats, as in the case of Mayor Ludovico Espinosa ofDasol, who claimed to have joined UNIDO during the height of theEDSA Revolution. Fidel Ramos was appointed as AFP Chief of Staff and later as Defense Secretary replacingJuan Ponce Enrile.Oscar Orbos, a congressman from Bani, was appointed by Aquino to head theDepartment of Transportation and Communications and later to Executive Secretary.
On May 11, 1992, Fidel V. Ramosran forPresident. He became the first Pangasinense President of the Philippines. Under his leadership, the Philippines recovered from the oil and power crisis of 1991. His influence sparked the economic growth of Pangasinan when it hosted the 1995Palarong Pambansa (Philippine National Games).
Jose de Venecia, who represented the same district as Eugenio Perez (his former father-in-law), was the second Pangasinense to become Speaker of the House of Representatives in 1992. He was reelected again in 1995. De Venecia was selected by the Ramos' administration party Lakas NUCD to be its presidential candidate in 1998. De Veneciaran but lost toVice PresidentJoseph Estrada. Oscar Orbosran for vice president but lost toSenatorGloria Macapagal Arroyo, whose mother, formerFirst LadyEvangelina Macaraeg-Macapagal, hails fromBinalonan.
Arroyo ascended to the presidency after the secondEDSA Revolution when PresidentJoseph Estrada was overthrown.
In May 2004, actor-turned-politicianFernando Poe, Jr. of San Carlos ran for president against incumbentGloria Macapagal Arroyo. The Pangasinan vote was split by the two presidential candidates, both with Pangasinan roots. Arroyo was elected President, but her victory was marred by charges of electoral fraud and vote-buying.
Pangasinan is located in the west central area ofLuzon in the Philippines. It is bordered byLa Union to the north,Benguet andNueva Vizcaya to the northeast,Nueva Ecija to the southeast, andZambales andTarlac to the south. To the west of Pangasinan is theSouth China Sea. The province also enclosesLingayen Gulf.
The province has a land area of 5,451.01 square kilometres (2,104.65 sq mi).[28] It is 170 kilometres (110 mi) north ofManila, 50 kilometres (31 mi) south ofBaguio, 115 kilometres (71 mi) north of Subic International Airport and Seaport, and 80 square kilometres (31 sq mi) north ofClark International Airport. At the coast ofAlaminos, theHundred islands have become a famous tourist spot.
The terrain of the province, as part of the Central Luzon plains, is typically flat, with a few parts being hilly and/or mountainous. The northeastern municipalities ofSan Manuel,San Nicolas,Natividad,San Quintin andUmingan have hilly to mountainous areas at the tip of theCordillera mountains. TheZambales mountains extend to the province's western towns ofLabrador,Mabini,Bugallon,Aguilar,Mangatarem,Dasol, andInfanta forming the mountainous portions of those towns.
ThePhilippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported severalinactive volcanoes in the province:Amorong,Balungao, Cabaluyan, Cahelietan, Candong, and Malabobo. PHIVOLCS reported no active or potentially active volcanoes in Pangasinan. Acaldera-likelandform is located between the towns ofMalasiqui andVillasis with a center at about 15° 55′ N and 120° 30′ E near the Cabaruan Hills.
Several rivers traverse the province. The longest is theAgno River which originates in theCordillera Mountains ofBenguet and eventually terminates atLingayen Gulf. Other major rivers include theBued River,Angalacan River,Sinocalan River,Pantal River,Patalan River and theCayanga River.
The province of Pangasinan is subdivided into 44municipalities, 4cities, and 1,364barangay (which means "village" or "community"). There are sixcongressional districts in the province.
Thecapital of the province isLingayen. In ancient times, the capital of Pangasinan was Binalatongan, nowSan Carlos. During Japanese occupation,Dagupan was made a wartime capital.
Pangasinan has 1,364 barangays comprising its 44 municipalities and 4 cities, ranking the province at 3rd with the most barangays in a Philippine province, only behind the Visayan provinces ofLeyte andIloilo.
Longos Amangonan Parac‑Parac Fabrica is the longest named barangay in the Philippines, it is situated in the municipality ofSan Fabian, Pangasinan. The most populous barangay in the province isBonuan Gueset inDagupan with a population of 22,042 as of 2010. If cities are excluded,Poblacion in the municipality ofLingayen has the highest population at 12,642.Iton inBayambang has the lowest with only 99 as of the 2010 census.[29]
These list includes the historical towns that that were once used to be in the province before they are ceded to nearby provinces:
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The population of Pangasinan in the 2020 census was 3,163,190 people,[2] with a density of 580 inhabitants per square kilometre or 1,500 inhabitants per square mile.
ThePangasinan people (Totoon Pangasinan) are called Pangasinan or the Hispanicized namePangasinense, or simplytaga-Pangasinan, which means "native of Pangasinan". Pangasinan people were known as traders, businesspeople, farmers and fishers. Pangasinan is the third most-populated province in the Philippines. The estimated population of the indigenous speakers of the Pangasinan language in the province of Pangasinan is almost 2 million and is projected to double in about 30 years. According to the 2000 census, 47 percent of the population are native Pangasinan and 44 percent areIlocano settlers. IndigenousSambal people predominate in the westernmost municipalities ofBolinao andAnda, with others scattered in towns formerly under Zambales. The few ethnic Tagalogs mostly live in towns bordering Tagalog-speaking Nueva Ecija, mostly descendants of settlers from Nueva Ecija itself, with the rest fromBulacan andAurora. The Pangasinan people are closely related to theAustronesian-speaking peoples of thePhilippines as well asIndonesia andMalaysia.
| Language | Speakers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pangasinan | 1,358,524 | |||
| Ilocano | 1,146,456 | |||
| Tagalog | 93,100 | |||
| Others | 144,611 | |||
The Pangasinan language is anagglutinative language. It belongs to theMalayo-Polynesian languages branch of theAustronesian language family and is the primary language of the province of Pangasinan, as well as northern Tarlac and southwestern La Union, other areas include northwest Nueva Ecija, north Zambales, southwest Benguet, and southwest Nueva Vizcaya. The Pangasinan language is similar to the otherMalayo-Polynesian languages of thePhilippines, as well asIndonesia andMalaysia. It is closely related to theIbaloi language spoken in the neighboring province ofBenguet, located northwest of Pangasinan. The Pangasinan language along with Ibaloi are classified under the Pangasinic group of languages. The other Pangasinic languages are:
Aside from their native language, many educated Pangasinans are highly proficient inIlocano,English andTagalog. Pangasinan is mostly spoken in the central part of the province in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th districts, is also spoken by many residents as 1st language in eastern part of the province in the 5th and 6th districts, and is the second language in other parts of Pangasinan.Ilocano is widely spoken in the westernmost and easternmost parts of Pangasinan in the 1st, 5th and 6th districts, and is the second language in other parts of Pangasinan. Ilocanos and Pangasinans speak Ilocano with a Pangasinan accent, as descendants of Ilocanos from first generation who lived within Pangasinan population learned Pangasinan language. Not all of Pangasinans speak Ilocano, as Pangasinan was part of Central Luzon before it was transferred to Ilocos Region.Bolinao, aSambalic language is widely spoken in the western tip of the province in the towns of Bolinao and Anda;Sambal, another Sambalic language, is spoken in other towns formerly under Zambales. Like Pangasinan people, many educated Bolinao-speaking Sambals and other Sambals are highly fluent in Ilocano, Tagalog, & English, aside from Pangasinan. Sambals are already fluent in Ilocano, as west Pangasinan formerly under Zambales was settled by Ilocano settlers, & interaction between Sambals & Ilocanos happened as years pass by. Tagalog is spoken by residents in towns along the border with Nueva Ecija.
Languages not native in Pangasinan (aside from Ilocano) are spoken by other minority ethnic groups, such asKapampangan which is related to Sambalic languages,Cebuano,Hiligaynon,Maranao andCordilleran languages to varying degrees by their respective ethnic communities within the province.
| Religion | Members | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholicism | 2,715,621 | |||
| Iglesia ni Cristo | 210,149 | |||
| Muslim | 7,037 | |||
| Others | ≈ 330,000 | |||
The dominant religion in Pangasinan isRoman Catholicism with 80% affiliation in the population. TheAglipayan Church comes in second with 9% of the population. Other religious denominations are divided with other Christian groups such as Members Church of God International. Iglesia Ni Cristo has 5 Ecclesiastical Districts (Rosales, Urdaneta, San Carlos, Lingayen and Alaminos). Each town and barangays has already INC locale chapels and has 5-6% adherence in the province. Baptist, Methodist,The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has a temple in Pangasinan, dedicated on April 28, 2024, called theUrdaneta Philippines Temple,Jehovah's Witnesses which have 4 Pangasinan-speaking Circuits (PN-03 (A & B), PN-04, PN-05, and PN-06) and 5 Iloko-speaking Circuits (PN-01, PN-02, PN-07, PN-08, and PN-09), and Seventh-day Adventist. Few are strict believers and continue to practice their indigenousanito beliefs and rituals, like most of the people of the Philippines.
Spanish andAmerican missionaries introduced Christianity to Pangasinan. Prior to the Spanish conquest in 1571, the predominant religion of the people of Pangasinan was similar to the indigenous religion of the highlandIgorot or the inhabitants of theCordillera Administrative Region on the island of Luzon, who mostly retained their indigenous culture and religion. A translation of the New Testament (excluding Revelation) in the Pangasinan language byFr. Nicolas Manrique Alonzo Lallave, a Spanish Dominican friar assigned in Urdaneta, was the first ever translation of a complete portion of the Bible in a Philippine language. Pangasinan was also influenced byHinduism,Buddhism andIslam to a lesser extent before the introduction of Christianity. Some Pangasinense people have reverted to their indigenous religion of worshiping Ama Kaoley or Ama-Gaolay, while theSambal people of the west have reverted to their indigenous religion worshiping Malayari.[35][36]
Poverty incidence of Pangasinan
Source:Philippine Statistics Authority[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]
 | This sectionis missing information about economic indicators (e.g. per capita income, unemployment, etc. Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on thetalk page.(October 2021) |
The province'seconomy is mainly agricultural due to its vast fertile plains. More than 44 percent of its agricultural area is devoted to crop production. Aside from being one of the Philippine's rice granaries,Pangasinan is also a major producer of coconut, mango and eggplant. Pangasinan is the richest province in the Ilocos Region.[45]
The1200 megawatt Sual coal-fired power plant and345 megawatt San Roque multi-purpose dam in the municipalities of Sual and San Manuel, respectively, are the primary sources of energy in the province.
Pangasinan is a major fish supplier in Luzon and a major producer of salt in the Philippines. It has extensive fishponds mostly for raisingbangus or "milkfish" along the coasts ofLingayen Gulf and theSouth China Sea. Pangasinan's aquaculture includes oyster and sea urchin farms.
Salt is also a major industry. Insalt evaporation ponds seawater is mixed withsodium bicarbonate until the water evaporates and the salt remains. This is their ancient tradition inspired from Egypt.
The major crops in Pangasinan arerice,mangoes,corn, andsugar cane. Pangasinan has a land area of 536,819 hectares, and 44 percent[citation needed] of the total land area of Pangasinan is devoted to agricultural production.
Pangasinan has 593 banking and financing institutions.[citation needed]
There are thousands of public schools and hundreds of private schools across the province for primary and secondary education. The province has six Schools Division Offices (SDOs), including four city SDOs corresponding to its number of cities. In 1991, the Schools Division Office of Pangasinan was split into Pangasinan I (based inLingayen) and Pangasinan II (based inBinalonan) to address the growing population and educational demands. Pangasinan I covers the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd congressional districts, while Pangasinan II covers the 4th, 5th, and 6th. Many Pangasinans go toMetro Manila, Baguio, and theUnited States for tertiary and higher education.
Pangasinan has 51 hospitals and clinics and 68 rural health units (as of July 2002). Although some residents go to other parts of the Philippines, Metro Manila, Europe and the United States for extensive medical tests and treatment, almost all Pangasinense go to the major medical centers in the cities ofDagupan,Alaminos,San Carlos andUrdaneta.
The culture of Pangasinan is a blend of the indigenous Malayo-Polynesian and western Hispanic culture with someIndian andChinese influences as well as American influences. Pangasinan is westernized yet retains a strong native Austronesian background.
The main centers of Pangasinan culture areDagupan,Lingayen,Manaoag,Calasiao andSan Carlos City.
Led byRamon Guico Jr. and Mark Ronald D. Lambino, the April 5-May 4, 2024 month-long "Pistay Dayat" started with a fluvial parade. Thestreet dance exhibition instead of former contests featured the Alaminos' Hundred Islands Festival, San Manuel's Padanom Balligi Festival, Lingayen's Bagoong Festival, Villasis' Talong Festival, Umingan's Karabasa Festival, San Carlos' Mango-Bamboo Festival, Bani's Pakwan Festival, and Asingan's Kankanen Festival. The PangaSINE Film Festival, Asinan Arts and Music Festival and Limgas na Pangasinan pageant with Costume Festival exhibit showcased the province's "Cultura".[46]
Some notablePhilippine Basketball Association players were born in Pangasinan, includingDanny Ildefonso,Marc Pingris, andMarlou Aquino. In terms of sports teams, the Pangasinan Presidents (later renamed as the Pangasinan Waves) played for three seasons throughout theMetropolitan Basketball Association's lifespan. The province will also be home to thePangasinan Heatwaves, an expansion team in theMaharlika Pilipinas Basketball League that will begin play in the league's2024 season.
The incumbent governor of Pangasinan isRamon Guico III along with Vice Governor Mark Lambino, son of Cagayan Economic Zone Authority (CEZA) and Presidential Adviser for Northern LuzonRaul Lambino. Among prominent figures who served asGovernor of Pangasinan include Francisco Duque Jr., former Secretary ofDepartment of Health (Philippines), Conrado Estrella, former secretary ofDepartment of Agrarian Reform, Tito Primicias, Vicente Millora, Daniel Maramba, Oscar Orbos, Victor Agbayani and Amado Espino Jr.
Here are the other newly elected officials beginning June 30, 2022:
Notable people either born or residing in Pangasinan include:
Geographic data related toPangasinan atOpenStreetMapPlaces adjacent to Pangasinan | |
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