Pan Pan
3rd century CE–7th century CE
Political entities in theChao Phraya River Basin and theKra Isthmus in the 6th–7th century
Common languages	Old Malay
Religion	Hinduism
Government	Monarchy
Raja
History
• Established	3rd century CE
• Disestablished	7th century CE
Preceded by Succeeded by Tun Sun Srivijaya Tambralinga
Today part of	Malaysia Thailand

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Pan Pan orPanpan was a smallHindu kingdom believed to have existed around the 3rd to 7th century CE. It is believed to have been located on the east coast of theMalay Peninsula, with opinion varying from somewhere inKelantan orTerengganu, in modern-dayMalaysia^[1] to the vicinity ofPhunphin district,Surat Thani province, in modernThailand.^[2]

According to the Chinese textJiu Tang Shu, Pan Pan was bordered in the south withLangkasuka,^[1]: 53 and in the north withTun Sun near theKra Isthmus.^[3]: 259 Jacq-Hergoualc'h speculates that the border may have been south ofNakhon Si Thammarat, possibly nearSongkhla.^[1]: 53

After the northern neighborTun Sun gained independence fromFunan and becameLang-chia orLang-ya-hsiu in the late 5th century CE, its southern part joined Pan Pan in the 6th century,^{[3]: 262–263} while the northern territory becameDvaravati.^{[3]: 268–269}

It is speculated to be related to thePatani Kingdom, which occupied the same area many centuries later, and has some differences in culture and language to other Malay regions nearby.

Little is known about this kingdom.

Pan Pan sent its first missions to the ChineseLiu Song dynasty between 424 CE and 453^[4]: 52 From here,Kaundinya II is said to have tried to re-introduceHinduism to theKingdom of Funan on the other side of theGulf of Siam.^[5]

Pan Pan sent tribute to theLiang dynasty and theChen dynasty of China. in 529, 533, 534, 535 and 571^[6] In 616 and 637, Pan Pan sent tribute to the ChineseTang dynasty.^[7]

The kingdom was later conquered bySrivijaya under the leadership ofDharmasetu before 775.^[8]

Though rare, archeological discoveries show evidence of a lively economic flowering in the region through international maritime trade.^[9]

• Nakhon Si Thammarat
• Bujang Valley
• History of Kedah

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