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Pan-Slavic colors

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Color combination of Slavic nations

The threepan-Slavic colors approved at the1848 Slavic Congress in Prague as adopted on theflag of Yugoslavia
Illustration of the wedding procession ofSigismund III Vasa inKraków from the Stockholm Scroll (c. 1605).
Pan-Slavic flag from 1848

Thepan-Slavic colors—blue,white andred—were defined by thePrague Slavic Congress, 1848, based on the symbolism of the colors of theflag of Russia, which was introduced in the late 17th century. Historically, however, manySlavic nations and states had already adopted flags and other national symbols that used some combination of those three colors.Slavic countries that use or have used the colors includeRussia,Yugoslavia,[1]Czechoslovakia,[2]Czech Republic,[2]Slovakia,[3]Croatia,[3]Serbia[3] andSlovenia,[3] whereasBelarus,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Bulgaria,Montenegro,North Macedonia,Poland[a] andUkraine use different color schemes.

Yugoslavia, both the Kingdom (Kingdom of Yugoslavia, 1918–1943) and the Republic (SFR Yugoslavia, 1943–1992) was a union of several Slavic nations, and therefore not only sported the pan-Slavic colors but adopted the pan-Slavic flag as its own (later adding ared star). After the initialbreakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, the two remaining Yugoslav republics—Montenegro and Serbia—reconstituted asFederal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992 and asState Union of Serbia and Montenegro in 2003, and continued to use the pan-Slavic flag until its own dissolution when Montenegroproclaimed independence in 2006. Serbia continues to use aflag with all three Pan-Slavic colors, along with fellow republics Croatia and Slovenia.

Most flags with pan-Slavic colors have been introduced and recognized by Slavic nations following the first Slavic Congress of 1848, although Serbia adopted itsred-blue-white tricolor in 1835 and the ethnic flag ofSorbs (blue-red-white) had already been designed in 1842. Theflag of Slovene nation (white-blue-red), which was based on the flag ofCarniola, was introduced two months prior to the congress. CzechMoravians proclaimed their flag (white-red-blue) at the very congress. In 1848, Croatian viceroyJosip Jelačić first designed theflag of Croatia with its modern tricolor (red-white-blue) for the then-conceptedTriune Kingdom (and officially adopted by theKingdom of Croatia), a group of Slovenian intellectuals inVienna, Austria created theflag of Slovenia (white-blue-red), and the firstSlovak flag (in reverse layout – red-blue-white) was introduced and flown bySlovak revolutionaries.[4] Theflag of the Czech Republic adopted its threenational colors in 1920 with the founding ofCzechoslovakia.

Flags with Pan-Slavic colors

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Current national flags

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Former national flags with the Pan-Slavic colors

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Other entities

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^Theflag of Poland is red and white, but has different roots that pre-date the pan-Slavic colors.
  2. ^Although the majority of the population ofTransnistria is Slavic (Russian andUkrainian), the largest single ethnic group are theRomanians.[11]

References

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  1. ^abcThe Encyclopedia Americana, Volume 11. Americana Corporation. 1972. p. 357.ISBN 9780717201044.
  2. ^abcFlag Wars and Stone Saints: How the Bohemian Lands Became Czech. Harvard University Press. 2007. p. 135.ISBN 978-0674025820.
  3. ^abcdefghShelley, Fred M. (2013).Nation Shapes: The Story behind the World's Borders. ABC-CLIO. pp. xvi.ISBN 9781610691062.
  4. ^Вилинбахов, Георгий Вадимович (2003)."Государственная геральдика в России: Теория и практика" (in Russian). RetrievedJune 2, 2021.
  5. ^abCrampton, William G (1997).Flags. Dorling Kindersley Publishing, DK Publishing.ISBN 0789442248.
  6. ^Kamath, Anjali.Flag Book. Popular Prakashan. p. 27.ISBN 9788179915127.
  7. ^Bulletin on Constitutional Case-law. Secretariat of the Venice Commission. 2007. p. 395.
  8. ^"Obok Orła znak Pogoni, poszli nasi w bój bez broni..." Archived fromthe original on November 5, 2022. RetrievedNovember 5, 2022.
  9. ^Polska Biało Granatoewo Czerwoni
  10. ^"Transnistria frozen conflict zone recognizes Russian tricolor as second "national" flag".Euromaidan Press. April 13, 2017.
  11. ^Statie, Mihai-Cristian (2013).Transnistria: the "hot" nature of a "frozen" conflict.Kansas:School of Advanced Military Studies. p. 35.S2CID 151006048.
  12. ^Znamierowski, Alfred (2003).Illustrated Book of Flags. Southwater. p. 237.
  13. ^"Academy of Rusyn Culture in the Slovak Republic: Rusyn Symbols".
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