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ThePalawano languages are spoken in the province ofPalawan in thePhilippines, by thePalawano people.

There are three Palawano languages: theQuezon Palawano (PLC) which is also known asCentral Palawano;Brooke's Point Palawano (PLW) and its dialect theBugsuk Palawano orSouthwest Palawano (PLV). The three Palawano languages share the island withseveral other Palawanic languages which are not part of the Palawano cluster, though they share a fair amount of vocabulary.^[2]

The following overview is based on Revel-MacDonald (1979).^[3]

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Verb conjugations are similar to other Filipino dialects with prefixes and suffixes indicating tense, object or actor focus, as well as intention (i.e. commands). These prefixes and suffixes can be used to create various parts of speech from the same root word. For example,biyag, meaning 'life', can be manipulated to mean 'to live' (megbiyag), 'full of food' (mebiyag), 'to raise to life' (ipebiyag), 'living' as an adjective (biyagen), or 'living' as a present tense verb form (pebibiyag).

Palawano creates a diminutive prefix by copying the first CV of the base together with the final base consonant:kusiŋ ('cat'):kuŋ-kusiŋ ('kitten'),bajuʔ ('clothing'):bäʔ-bajuʔ ('child's clothing'),libun ('woman'):lin-libun ('girl'),kunit ('yellow'):kut-kunit ('yellow flycatcher' (bird)),siak ('tears'):sik-siak ('crocodile tears/false tears').^[4]

The following set of pronouns are the pronouns found in the Southwest Palawano language.^[5] Note: the direct/nominative case is divided between full and short forms.

There are many linguistic variations among Palawan family groups with words changing from one valley to the next (i.e.tabon for 'mountain' versusbukid). Tagalog is frequently used to supply words lacking in the local dialect for modern objects and actions which can cause confusion, especially among the younger generation, between Tagalog and Palawan. The more familiar a family or village is with the Tagalog lowland culture, the more common the language overlap. The Palawano language has also historically incorporated a great number of Malay words. There is also some Bisayan influence similar to what is exhibited in the other parts of Palawan.

Some Brooke's Point Palawan words are:^[6]

• bibila` oribeyba – friend
• maman – uncle (also a term of respect for an older man)
• minan – aunt (also a term of respect for an older woman)
• indu` – mother
• ama` – father
• isi` – get
• karut – sack
• tengeldew – midday
• mangelen – purchase/buy
• surung – go
• bukid ortabon – mountain
• manga`an – eat
• menunga – good
• kusing,demang,esing – cat
• pegingin – love (noun)

Phrases:

• Embe surungan mu la`? – friendly way of asking "Where are you going friend?", as a form of greeting.
• Dun bukid ti`, mengisi` ku et karut – means 'There, to the mountain, I will get a sack.'
• Endey mengagat – this is usually referring to the dog, as a way to say "don't bite"
• Embe tena'an mu? – Where are you going?
• Dut daya. – Up the hill
• Menungang Meriklem. – Good morning

The following compares the Palawano languages with otherGreater Central Philippine languages.

The spelling is controversial with multiple translators using separate spelling methods, some using Tagalog-based spelling while others use other systems.^{[citation needed]}

Brooke's Point Palawano uses 23 letters: a, b, [k], d, e, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, ng, o, p, r, s, t, u, w, y, and ' (glottal stop). Borrowed: c, f, q, x, z.^[11] The 'e' stands forschwa and "dy" makes a 'j' sound.

In the 20th century, the Tagbanwa script was adopted from theTagbanwa people by thePalawan people further south in theisland.^[12] They call this alphabetIbalnan and the vowel mark anulit.^[13]

• Zorc, R. David. 1972.Palawano notes.
• Brooke's Point Palawano audio sample
• Brooke's Point Palawano dictionary

• Palawanic languages
• Languages of Palawan

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