Museo Regional de Nuevo León | |
 | |
  Palacio del Obispado Location within Nuevo León | |
Former name | Palacio del Obispado |
|---|---|
| Established | September 20, 1956 (1956-09-20) |
| Location | Monterrey,Nuevo Leon,MX |
| Type | History Museum |
| Website | https://www.cultura.gob.mx/estados/turismo-cultural-detalle.php?id=66046 |
ThePalacio del Obispado,Spanish forBishop's Palace, also known as El Obispado or theBishop's Museum, originally called Palacio deNuestra Señora de Guadalupe, is an 18th-century colonial building, located inMonterrey,Nuevo León state, NortheasternMexico. It was constructed between 1787 and 1788 due to the initiative ofRafael José Verger, the second bishop of theLinares Diocese.[1]
It is located on the top of the Chepa Verde hill, which got its name due to it being surrounded by the lands of José Vera. The Palace was constructed on the slopes of the hill, now namedCerro del Obispado (Bishop Hill) after its principal building.
The building has also served as a military fortress and a public walkway. Since September 20th, 1956, it has hosted the Regional Museum of Leon.[2]
During the reign ofCharles III of Spain and through a bull issued byPope Pious VI in 1777, theDiocese of Linares was erected for the town of the same name.
At the request of the king, the Pope named the palace the diocese of Antonio de Jesús Sacedón, who received his assignment in 1779 through a representative who took possession of the building with all its rites. He died before arriving atLinares and the Pope named Rafael José Verger as his successor.
As soon as he received his assignment, he requested the Pope move the Bishop's capital to Monterrey, the only population he deemed worthy of it.[3]
The property was constructed at the end of the Viceroyalty at the request of theFranciscan Friar Rafael José Verger, whom promoted the construction of a House of Repose and Worship on lands that were conceded by the city hall of Monterey in 1787.
After the death of Friar Rafael José Verger and Mexico's independence, the palace has been used as a military fortress, having a prominent role in the defense of the city during the battle of Monterrey in theMexican-American War (1846), theSecond French intervention in Mexico (1864), thePlan de la Noria (1871), and theMexican Revolution (1913 & 1914).
Towards the end of the 19th century, an agreement was signed between theFederal Government of Mexico and the State of Nuevo León in which the Federal Government remained in possession of the building, but passed approximately 30 hectares of surrounding lands of the hill and its slopes into State possession.[4]
The palace, however, suffered some damages and modifications and spent decades abandoned and in ruin, being used as alazaretto during the epidemics of 1893 and 1903, and as acabaret in 1920.
This structure, now commonly known as the Obispado, has a large historical and architectural value. The first restoration was started in 1946 and ten years later, in 1956, it was incorporated as a museum. Until 1998, they recovered the corriders of the main building and decorated the interior of the oratory dome.[4]
The Bishop's Palace was built in the Spanish colonialBaroque style. The domed tower has a carved stonefacade.
It is one of the city's oldest buildings, completed by the end of the 18th century.
The palace is distinguished by its large size, as well as the solidity and height of its walls. The size of its main facade in its Baroque style and its stipe (inverted copyramidal column or pillar) highlights the grandeur of its dome, completed in 1853 and 1857.
The building is built ofashlar stone, a characteristic material of the region, and is one of the few examples ofviceregal architecture that are still preserved in northeastern Mexico.
25°40′24.50″N100°20′31.84″W / 25.6734722°N 100.3421778°W /25.6734722; -100.3421778
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