Page Analysis and Ground Truth Elements (PAGE) is anXML standard for encoding digitised documents.^[1] Comparable toAnalyzed Layout and Text Object (ALTO), it allows the organisation and structure of a page and its contents to be described.

PAGE XML can be used to describe:^{[citation needed]}

• page content (regions, lines of text, words, glyphs, reading order, text content, ...)
• the evaluation of the layout analysis (evaluation profiles, evaluation results, ...)
• the cutting of the document image (cutting grids)

The format is developed by the Pattern Recognition & Image Analysis Lab (PRIMA) at theUniversity of Salford in Manchester.^{[citation needed]}

It was designed to be used in conjunction with automatic segmentation and transcription techniques (optical character recognition (OCR) andhandwritten text recognition (HTR)): indeed, PAGE aims to support each of the different steps in the processing chain for image document analysis (from image enhancement to layout analysis to OCR).^{[citation needed]}

The PAGE XML schema is used as an export and import format by automatic transcription software such aseScriptorium^[2] andTranskribus.^[3] It is also an export format used by Kraken, a turnkey OCR system optimised for documents in historical and non-Latin scripts^[4] and by the OCR softwareTesseract.^[5]

• Documentation
• Encoding example
• Documentation of the PAGE XML Format for Page Content in theOCR-D project, funded byDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.
• Documentation "Page Content - Ground Truth and Storage"
• Documentation "Evaluation - Metadata, Profile and Results"
• Documentation "Dewarping - Ground Truth and Storage"

• XML-based standards
• Optical character recognition
• Handwriting recognition

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