PROCYON (Proximate Object Close flyby with Optical Navigation) was an asteroid flybyspace probe that was launched together withHayabusa2 on 3 December 2014 13:22:04 (JST). It was developed byUniversity of Tokyo andJAXA.It was a small (70 kg, approx. 60 cm cube), low cost (¥500 million) spacecraft.[1]
PROCYON was launched as secondary payload together with theHayabusa2 asteroid landing probe. After separation from the carrier rocket, PROCYON was left on aheliocentric orbit. On 22 February 2015, the ion engine was started, with the intention of adjusting the orbit so that an Earth flyby in December 2015 would direct the probe towards asteroid2000 DP107.[3] Initial results were favourable - the engine delivered 330 μN of thrust rather than the designed 250 μN - but the engine failed on 10 March and could not be restarted; PROCYON flew past Earth on 3 December 2015, but was unable to make a controlled orbit change. Shortly after the Earth flyby, contact with the spacecraft was lost.[4]
The 70 kg spacecraft had aspecific impulse of 1000 seconds, for adelta-v budget of about 500 m/s; the intention was to use 20% of thexenon propellant for the initial orbit correction, and the rest of the propellant between the Earth flyby and the asteroid flyby to ensure a controlled flyby distance of 30 km.[5]
A novel subsystem tested by PROCYON involved feeding both the main ion engine and the eight attitude controlcold-gas thrusters from the same tank (containing 2.5 kg of xenon at launch)
PROCYON observed theLyman-alpha emission of comet67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko to determine its overall coma structure.[7] PROCYON captured the first complete image of thegeocorona, confirming for the first time that it has north–south symmetry.[8]
^超小型探査機「PROCYON」 二重小惑星を目指して航行中 [Very Small Probe PROCYON Cruising Toward a Binary Asteroid].Space Elevator News. 7 April 2015. Archived fromthe original on 16 March 2017. Retrieved7 April 2015.
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).
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