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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Ildamen, Modacor, Myofedrin |
| Other names | Oxyfedrin; Oxyphedrine; Oxyphedrin; Oxifedrine; Oxifedrin; Oxiphedrine; Oxiphedrin |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | International Drug Names |
| Routes of administration | Oral,intravenous[1] |
| Drug class | Sympathomimetic;Coronary vasodilator;β-Adrenergic receptor partial agonist;Norepinephrine releasing agent |
| ATC code | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | Oral: 85%[1] |
| Protein binding | Almost 100%[1] |
| Metabolites | •Norephedrine[2] |
| Eliminationhalf-life | 4.2 hours[1] |
| Excretion | Urine (active metabolites 90%)[1] |
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| CAS Number | |
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| ChEMBL | |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C19H23NO3 |
| Molar mass | 313.397 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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Oxyfedrine, sold under the brand namesIldamen andMyofedrin among others, is asympathomimetic agent andcoronary vasodilator which is used in the treatment ofcoronary heart disease,angina pectoris, and acutemyocardial infarction.[1][3][4][5][6][7] It is takenby mouth orintravenously.[1]
The drug acts as aβ-adrenergic receptorpartial agonist.[1][7] It may also act as anorepinephrine releasing agent via its majoractive metabolitenorephedrine.[2] Oxyfedrine is aphenethylamine andamphetaminederivative.[6][7]
Oxyfedrine has been marketed inEurope,Hong Kong,India,Central America, and elsewhere.[4][8][9] It appears to remain marketed only in India.[9]
Oxyfedrine is aβ-adrenergic receptorpartial agonist.[1][7] It appears to benon-selective for theβ1- andβ2-adrenergic receptors.[7] It is selective for the β-adrenergic receptors over theα-adrenergic receptors.[7] However, it has also been reported to interact with the α-adrenergic receptors at high concentrations, acting as a partial agonist orantagonist of these receptors.[7]Norephedrine, anorepinephrine releasing agent, is a majoractive metabolite of oxyfedrine, and hence oxyfedrine may additionally act as an indirectly acting sympathomimetic.[2]
It has been found to depress the tonicity of coronary vessels, improve myocardial metabolism (so that heart can sustain hypoxia better) and also exert a positive chronotropic and inotropic effects,[1] thereby not precipitating angina pectoris. The latter property (positive chronotropic and inotropic effects) is particularly important, because other vasodilators used in angina may be counter productive causing coronary steal phenomenon.[additional citation(s) needed]
The drug is chemically and pharmacologically unrelated to any other antianginal drugs.[1]
Oxyfedrine'soralbioavailability is 85%.[1] Theplasma protein binding is almost 100%.[1] Itselimination half-life is 4.2 hours.[1]Norephedrine is a majoractive metabolite of oxyfedrine.[2] Theexcretion of theactive metabolites of oxyfedrine is 90% inurine.[1] About 75 to 100% of oxyfedrine is excreted as norephedrine.[2]
Oxyfedrine is asubstituted phenethylamine andamphetaminederivative.[7] It isl-norephedrine with a bulky andlipophilic 3-methoxypropiophenonesubstituent at thenitrogen atom.[7]
Mannich condensation ofphenylpropanolamine (1) withformaldehyde andm-acetanisole (3-acetylanisole) (2) yields oxyfedrine (3).[10]
Synergistic effects of oxyfedrine withantibiotics againstbacteria have been suggested.[11]
