| Plants | Dairy | Eggs | Seafood | Poultry | All other animals | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vegetarianism | Lacto-ovo vegetarianism | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| Lacto vegetarianism | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | |
| Ovo vegetarianism | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | |
| Veganism | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | |
| Non-vegetarianism | Flexitarianism | Yes | Yes | Yes | Sometimes | Sometimes | Sometimes |
| Pollotarianism | Yes | Maybe | Maybe | Maybe | Yes | No | |
| Pescetarianism | Yes | Maybe | Maybe | Yes | No | No | |
Ovo vegetarianism oreggitarianism/ˈoʊvoʊ/ is a type of diet which allows for the consumption ofeggs but not dairy products, in contrast withlacto vegetarianism. Those who practice ovo vegetarianism are called ovo-vegetarians. "Ovo" comes from the Latin word for egg.
The termovo vegetarianism was used as early as 1952.[1] Ovo comes from the Latin word ovum, meaning egg.[2] Ovo vegetarianism refers to a diet free from meat, fish, and dairy products or ingredients with the exception of eggs.[3]
Ethical motivations for excluding dairy products are based on issues with theindustrial practices behind the production of milk. Concerns include the practice of keeping a cow constantly pregnant in order for her to lactate and the slaughter of unwanted male calves. Other concerns include the standard practice of separating the mother from her calf and denying the calf its natural source of milk.[4] This contrasts with the industrial practices surrounding egg-laying hens, which produce eggs for human consumption without being fertilized. Ovo-vegetarians often preferfree-range eggs, that is, those produced by uncaged hens.[5]
Ethical concerns about the consumption of eggs arise from the practice ofculling male chicks shortly after birth.[5][6][7] Practices considered humane for chick culling include maceration and suffocation using carbon dioxide.[5][8]
One of the main differences between avegan and an ovo-vegetarian diet is the avoidance of eggs. Vegans do not consume eggs.[9]
A review of the use of commercially available macerators for euthanasia of chicks,poults, andpipped eggs indicates that death by maceration in day-old poultry occurs immediately with minimal pain and distress. Maceration is an alternative to the use of carbon dioxide for euthanasia of day-old poultry. Maceration is believed to be equivalent tocervical dislocation andcranial compression as to time element, and is considered to be an acceptable means of euthanasia for newly hatched poultry by theFederation of Animal Science Societies,Agriculture Canada,World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), andEuropean Union.
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