Oulu Castle (Swedish:Uleåborgs slott,[1]Finnish:Oulun linna) was a late defense castle inOulu,Finland. It was built on an island in the delta ofOulu River in 1590. The castle was mostly made of wood and earth walls. There probably was an earlier medieval castle on the same site latest by 1375. The RussianSofia First Chronicle records that in 1377, men fromNovgorod tried to conquer a newly built castle in the Oulu River delta but were unsuccessful.
The present-day ruins onLinnansaari Island belong to a later castle, built in 1605 by order of KingCharles IX. In a decree issued on April 8, 1605, the king first instructed the construction ofKajaani Castle and then ordered the rebuilding of Oulu Castle. The decree stated that the old wooden structures were to be demolished and replaced with a fortified rampart featuring fire shelters around the island.[2]
The castle was severely damaged in 1715 when Russian forces set it on fire during theGreat Northern War. Its final destruction took place on July 31, 1793, at 10:45 p.m.,[3] when lightning set one of thepowder magazines on fire; as a result, the powder cellar exploded and almost completely destroyed the building.
Wooden constructions on the remaining powder magazine date from 1875 when the Oulu School of Sea Captains built their observatory on the site. The building was designed by architect Wolmar Westling. The building has been a cafeteria since 1912 with a small exhibition on the castle history.
65°01′02″N025°28′02″E / 65.01722°N 25.46722°E /65.01722; 25.46722
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