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Ouachita map turtle

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Species of turtle

Ouachita map turtle

Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)^[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Testudines
Suborder:	Cryptodira
Superfamily:	Testudinoidea
Family:	Emydidae
Genus:	Graptemys
Species:	G. ouachitensis
Binomial name
*Graptemys ouachitensis* Cagle, 1953

TheOuachita map turtle (Graptemys ouachitensis) is aspecies ofturtle belonging to the familyEmydidae.

Subspecies

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Subspecies include:^[2]

Graptemys ouachitensis ouachitensisCagle, 1953
Graptemys ouachitensis sabinensisCagle, 1953

In recent years the Sabine map turtle (Graptemys ouachitensis sabinensis) has been recognized by many as a full species Sabine map turtle (Graptemys sabinensis).^[3]^[4]^[5]

Distribution

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This species isendemic to the United States. It can be found in Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Oklahoma, Kansas, Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia, Illinois, Tennessee and Kentucky.^[2]G. o. sabinensis exists only in the Sabine River of Louisiana and Texas. BothG. o. ouachitensis andG. o. sabinensis are freshwater riverine turtles. TheG. o. ouachitensis is rarely seen on land unless it is nesting season or it is basking.^[6]

Description

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This species'carapace features a row of low vertebral spines, and is serrated on the posterior rim. The carapace is olive, dark brown, or black in coloration with light yellowish markings with dark borders. Theplastron color varies from cream to yellow and is patterned with dark lines and swirls. The body color is grayish brown to blackish and is marked with yellowish stripes.^[2]

On the head, it has light yellow spots: a rectangular one behind each eye, an oval under each eye, and a round one on each side of the jaw. In some specimens, the spot behind and the spot under the eye can combine to form a single thick "C" stain. The eye has a black stripe in the middle.^[2]

Males are significantly smaller than females. The males can grow to be as large as 5 in (12 cm) in carapace length. The females can grow to be up to 10 in (25 cm) in carapace length.^[2]

Natural history

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Hatchlings of this species have recently been found to make sounds prior to exiting the nest. These are mostly "clicking" noises, but more tonal "mewing" sounds are also sometimes present. These sounds are the first documented for any North American hatchling turtle. (Geller, G.A. and G.S. Casper. 2019. Late-term embryos and hatchlings of Ouachita Map Turtles (Graptemys ouachitensis) make sounds within the nest. Herpetological Review 50:449-452)

Diet

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Ouachita map turtles feed mainly on smallaquatic animals such asshrimp,insects (such asmayflies,caddisflies,beetles,grasshoppers,fly larvae, andmidge larvae),molluscs,fish, and fishcarrion.^[7] They also consumealgae andaquatic plants (such aspondweed,duckweed, andmanna grass).^[8]

Pet trade

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As they are small, Ouachita map turtles are common among turtle keepers. They can be kept with most other species and can be raised on specialty pellets and dried shrimp. Although they need heat and ultraviolet light (UVB),

Gallery

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JuvenileGraptemys ouachitensis. Close-up
A specimen from Missouri
Range map of the Ouachita map turtle
Sabine map turtle (Graptemys sabinensis) Orange Co. Texas.

References

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^IUCN (2016)."Graptemys ouachitensis".IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.2016. Retrieved7 December 2016.{{cite iucn}}: old-form url (help)
^^a ^b ^c ^d ^e"Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group". Archived fromthe original on 20 September 2019. Retrieved28 January 2019.
^Lindeman, P. V. 2013. The Map Turtle and Sawback Atlas: Ecology, Evolution, Distribution, and Conservation. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman. 460 pp.ISBN 978-0-8061-4406-1
^Uetz, P., Freed, P. & Hošek, J. (eds.) (2019)The Reptile Database, http://www.reptile-database.org, accessed 30 January 2020
^Crother et al. (editors) 2017. Scientific and Standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North America north of Mexico, with comment regarding confidence in our understanding, eight edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Herpetological Circular No. 43. 102 pp. [Official Names List of American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists; Canadian Herpetological Society; Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation; Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles; The Herpetologists' League. Also accessible at:https://ssarherps.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/8th-Ed-2017-Scientific-and-Standard-English-Names.pdf accessed 30 January 2020
^Brown, Ashley D.; Temple-Miller, Kathleen; Roosenburg, Willem M.; White, Matthew M. (27 June 2012)."Mitochondrial DNA Variation in the Ouachita Map Turtle".Copeia.2012 (2):301–306.doi:10.1643/CH-11-009.ISSN 0045-8511.S2CID 85651342.
^"Graptemys ouachitensis (Ouachita Map Turtle)".Animal Diversity Web.
^"Graptemys ouachitensis (Ouachita Map Turtle)".Animal Diversity Web.

External links

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Ouachita Map Turtle, Reptiles and Amphibians of Iowa
Graptemys ouachitensis, Illinois Natural History Survey
Ouachita Map Turtle, Missouri Department of Conservation
The Reptile Database

Emydidae family

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Reptilia
Order:Testudines
Suborder:Cryptodira
Superfamily:Testudinoidea
Family:Emydidae

Genera

Species of theEmydidae family

Northern red-bellied cooter(Pseudemys rubriventris)

Chrysemys

Painted turtle

Clemmys

Spotted turtle

Deirochelys

Chicken turtle

Actinemys

Emys

Emydoidea

Blanding's turtle

Glyptemys

Graptemys

Malaclemys

Diamondback terrapin

Pseudemys

Terrapene

Trachemys

†Wilburemys

†Wilburemys yakimensis

Phylogenetic arrangement of turtles based onturtles of the world 2017 update: Annotated checklist and atlas of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution, and conservation status. Key: †=extinct.

Testudines

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Reptilia
Clade:Diapsida
Order:Testudines

Genus

Chelonioidea
(Sea turtles)

Cheloniidae	†Allopleuron Caretta †Carolinochelys Chelonia †Eochelone Eretmochelys †Gigantatypus †Glarichelys †Itilochelys Lepidochelys †Mexichelys †Miocaretta Natator †Pacifichelys †Syllomus †Tasbacka
Dermochelyidae	†Arabemys †Corsochelys †Cosmochelys Dermochelys †Eosphargis †Mesodermochelys †Psephophorus
	†Euclastes †Peritresius †Procolpochelys †Protosphargis †Puppigerus

Kinosternoidea

Dermatemydidae	Dermatemys
Kinosternidae	Claudius †Hoplochelys Kinosternon Staurotypus Sternotherus

Testudinoidea

Emydidae	†Acherontemys Chrysemys Clemmys Deirochelys Emys Actinemys Emydoidea Glyptemys Graptemys Malaclemys Pseudemys Terrapene Trachemys †Wilburemys
Geoemydidae	Batagur †Banhxeochelys Cuora Cyclemys Geoclemys Geoemyda Hardella Heosemys Leucocephalon Malayemys Mauremys Melanochelys Morenia Notochelys Orlitia Pangshura Rhinoclemmys Sacalia Siebenrockiella Vijayachelys
Platysternidae	Platysternon
Testudinidae	Aldabrachelys Astrochelys Centrochelys Chelonoidis Chersina Cylindraspis †Cymatholcus †Floridemys Geochelone Gopherus †Hadrianus †Hesperotestudo Homopus Indotestudo Kinixys Malacochersus Manouria †Megalochelys †Oligopherus Psammobates Pyxis †Solitudo Stigmochelys †Stylemys Testudo

Trionychia

Carettochelyidae	†Allaeochelys †Anosteira Carettochelys
Trionychidae	Amyda Apalone †Axestemys Chitra Cyclanorbis Cycloderma †Drazinderetes Dogania †Gilmoremys †Hutchemys †Khunnuchelys Lissemys Nilssonia Palea †Palaeoamyda Pelochelys Pelodiscus Rafetus Trionyx
	†Basilochelys †Sinaspideretes

Chelydridae	Chelydra †Chelydrops †Chelydropsis †Emarginachelys †Macrocephalochelys Macrochelys †Planiplastron †Protochelydra
†Nanhsiungchelyidae	†Anomalochelys †Basilemys †Jiangxichelys
†Protostegidae	†Alienochelys †Archelon †Atlantochelys †Bouliachelys †Calcarichelys †Cratochelone †Desmatochelys †Iserosaurus †Notochelone †Ocepechelon †Pneumatoarthrus †Protostega †Rhinochelys †Santanachelys †Terlinguachelys
	†Adocus †Argillochelys †Bashuchelys †Ctenochelys †Prionochelys †Toxochelys

Pleurodira

†Araripemydidae	†Araripemys
†Bothremydidae	†Araiochelys †Arenila †Azabbaremys †Bothremys †Cearachelys †Chedighaii †Chupacabrachelys †Eotaphrosphys †Foxemys †Galianemys †Ilatardia †Inaechelys †Itapecuruemys †Jainemys †Kinkonychelys †Kurmademys †Labrostochelys †Nigeremys †Phosphatochelys †Polysternon †Puentemys †Rosasia †Rhothonemys †Sankuchemys †Taphrosphys †Ummulisani †Zolhafah
Chelidae	Acanthochelys Chelodina Chelus Elseya Elusor Emydura Hydromedusa †Lomalatachelys Mesoclemmys Myuchelys Phrynops Platemys †Prochelidella Pseudemydura Rheodytes Rhinemys †Yaminuechelys
Pelomedusidae	Pelomedusa Pelusios
Podocnemididae	†Albertwoodemys †Bauruemys †Brontochelys †Caninemys †Carbonemys †Cerrejonemys †Cordichelys Erymnochelys †Lapparentemys †Latentemys Peltocephalus Podocnemis †Stupendemys
†Sahonachelyidae	†Sahonachelys †Sokatra

	†Caribemys †Caririemys †Tacuarembemys

Phylogenetic arrangement of turtles based onTurtles of the World 2017 Update: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status. † = extinct.

See alsoList of Testudines families

Taxon identifiers
Graptemys ouachitensis	Wikidata:Q617739 Wikispecies:Graptemys ouachitensis ADW:Graptemys_ouachitensis BOLD:517236 CoL:6L57B EoL:456491 GBIF:2443079 iNaturalist:371940 IRMNG:10927518 ITIS:173799 IUCN:165599 NAS:1242 NatureServe:2.102685 NCBI:33570 Observation.org:99819 Open Tree of Life:480212 RD:ouachitensis Species+:5264