Ordine Osirideo Egizio (Egyptian Osirian Order) is an Italianesoteric order founded inNaples in the mid-18th century. It centers on therevival and adaptation of ancient Egyptian and AlexandrianHermetic traditions through a Neapolitaninitiatory lineage.

The Order affirms itself originated from a Greek-Alexandrian colony established around Via Nilo in Naples, where Egyptian cults merged with Italic Hermeticism andPythagoreanism, creating an unbroken initiatory chain that extended into the 20th century. Among the early Hermetic figures areRaimondo Lullo,Giordano Bruno, andTommaso Campanella, all active near San Domenico Maggiore.^[1] At the end of the 17th century,Rosicrucian and Hermetic currents flourished in Naples.Alchemical exchanges between Federico Gualdi and a Neapolitan ecclesiastic are documented through period correspondence; the Academy ofChristina of Sweden promotedNeoplatonic andKabbalistic studies attended byGiovan Battista Della Porta andFrancesco Maria Santinelli.^[2][3]Raimondo De Sangro's Hermetic library included Pietro Valeriano'sHieroglyphica and works by Athanasius Kircher, indicating his interest in Egyptian symbolism.^[4] In 1766–67,Cagliostro, under the pseudonym "Marchese Pellegrini," arrived in Naples and introduced the "Arcana Arcanorum" degrees in lodges led by Luigi d'Aquino di Caramanico, connecting De Sangro's tradition to the French Egyptian Rite.^[5] The circle of De Sangro also included the Kabbalist Giuseppe Athias of Livorno—described byGiambattista Vico as "the most learned of contemporary Jews in the sacred language"—and it is hypothesized that De Sangro was familiar with the writings of Cardinal Egidio Antonini of Viterbo on Jewish mysticism.^[6][7]

Domenico Bocchini organized therituals of the Order in lodges of theScottish andMisraïm Rite, mentoring Pasquale De Servis and influencingGiustiniano Lebano. In 1890,Giuliano Kremmerz (Ciro Formisano) founded the Miriam Therapeutic Brotherhood as a complementary "academy," although the authorities of the Egyptian Rite considered it a desecration.^[8] In the 20th century, the Order continued under leaders such as Eugenio Jacobitti, Giacomo Catinella, and Arturo Reghini. Post-war correspondence (Lombardi–Suglia, 1947) attests to its clandestine continuity, with Florence serving as the temporary headquarters of the General Secretariat.^[9][10]

The path culminates in the three "Arcana Arcanorum" degrees (87°–89° Misraïm; sometimes 90°), known as the Neapolitan Ladder.^[11] These degrees synthesize Egyptian-Alexandrian Hermeticism, alchemy,angelology, andGnostic evocation, without replicating pharaonic rituals.^[12] Access required Blue Masonry (Apprentice–Companion–Master), but later extended to non-Masons. For advanced teaching, semi-secret "Miriamic academies" were established.

Scholars emphasize that "particular archives" and "fortunate discoveries" should not be accepted uncritically. The genealogies connecting the De Sangro family toBurgundian dukes,Lombards, andTemplar rites inTorremaggiore are based on local tradition and selective medieval sources, not on continuous verifiable documentation.^[13][14]

• Giuliano Kremmerz
• Hermeticism
• Western esotericism
• Rite of Memphis-Misraim
• Mysteries of Osiris

• Masonic rites
• Secret societies in Italy
• Traditionalist School
• Culture of Italy
• Magical organizations
• Western esotericism
• Greco-Roman mysteries

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