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Oregon City-class cruiser

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
U.S. Navy WWII-era heavy cruiser class
USSRochester on 20 September 1953
Class overview
NameOregon City class
BuildersBethlehem Steel Corporation,Fore River Shipyard
OperatorsUnited States Navy
Preceded byBaltimore class
Succeeded byDes Moines class
SubclassesAlbany class
Built1944–1951
In commission1946–1961[note 1]
Planned10
Completed4
Cancelled6
Retired4
General characteristics
TypeHeavy cruiser
Displacement13,260 long-tons (standard)
Length
  • 664 ft (202 m)wl
  • 673 ft 5 in (205.26 m)oa
Beam70 ft 10 in (21.59 m)
Draft26 ft 4 in (8.03 m)
PropulsionGeneral Electric steam turbines turning 120,000 hp (89,000 kW)
Speed32.4knots (60.0 km/h; 37.3 mph)
Boats & landing
craft carried
2 ×lifeboats
Complement1,142 officers and enlisted
Sensors &
processing systems
Armament
Armor6 Inch belt armor
Aircraft carried4 ×Vought OS2U Kingfishers
Aviation facilities

TheOregon City-class was a class ofheavy cruisers of theUnited States Navy. Although ten ships of this class were planned, only four were completed – one of those as a command ship. The three ships completed as cruisers were in commission from 1946 to 1980, one having been converted to a guided missile cruiser (CG).

Design and development

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TheOregon City-class cruisers were a modified version of the previousBaltimore-class design; the main difference was a more compact pyramidal superstructure with single trunked funnel, intended to improve the arcs of fire of theanti-aircraft (AA) guns. The same type of modification also differentiated theCleveland andFargo classes, and to a lesser degree theAtlanta andJuneau classes oflight cruisers.[1]

History

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Ten ships were authorized for the class with three being completed and the fourth suspended during construction. The final six ships were cancelled, five after being laid down.[2] Construction on the incomplete fourth ship was resumed in 1948 and the ship served as a command shipNorthampton (CLC-1). All three completed cruisers were commissioned in 1946.Oregon City was decommissioned after only 22 months of service, one of the shortest active careers of any World War II-era cruiser.Albany was later converted into a guided missile ship, becoming the lead ship of theAlbany class and served until 1980. A similar conversion was planned forRochester but was cancelled.

Ships in class

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Ships in class[2]
NameHull NumberBuilderLaid downLaunchedCommissioned/
Recommissioned
DecommissionedFate
Oregon CityCA-122Bethlehem Steel Corporation,Fore River Shipyard,Quincy, Massachusetts8 April 19449 June 194516 February 194615 December 1947Struck 1 November 1970; Sold for scrap, 17 August 1973
AlbanyCA-1236 Mar 194411 Jun 194515 June 194630 June 1958Converted to Guided Missile Cruiser[3] Struck 30 June 1985; Sold for scrap, 12 August 1990
CG-103 November 196229 August 1980
RochesterCA-12429 May 194428 August 194520 December 194615 August 1961Struck 1 October 1973; Sold for scrap, 24 September 1974
NorthamptonCA-12531 August 194427 January 19517 March 19538 April 1970Converted to command ship during construction – Struck and sold for scrap, 31 Dec 1977
CLC-1
CambridgeCA-12616 December 1944Cancelled 12 August 1945 and scrapped on slip
BridgeportCA-12713 January 1945Cancelled 12 August 1945 and scrapped on slip
Kansas CityCA-1289 July 1945Cancelled 12 August 1945 and scrapped on slip
TulsaCA-129Cancelled 12 August 1945
NorfolkCA-137Philadelphia Naval Shipyard27 December 1944Cancelled 12 August 1945 and scrapped on slip
ScrantonCA-13827 December 1944Cancelled 12 August 1945 and scrapped on slip

Gallery

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  • USS Oregon City
    USSOregon City
  • USS Albany
    USSAlbany
  • USS Rochester
    USSRochester
  • USS Northampton
    USSNorthampton

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^Albany was converted to a guided missile cruiser and as such was in commission from 1962 to 1980, but this was a totally different class of ship than an all-gun heavy cruiser.Northampton was decommissioned in 1970, but was completed as a command ship.Rochester, the last of theOregon City class "gun cruisers" was decommissioned in 1961.

References

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  1. ^Norman Friedman,U.S. Cruisers, An Illustrated Design History 1984ISBN 978-0-87021-718-0[page needed]
  2. ^abWhitley 1999, p. 269.
  3. ^Gardiner and Chumbley 1995, p. 578.

Bibliography

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  • Gardiner, Robert and Stephen Chumbley (editors).Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Annapolis, Maryland US: Naval Institute Press, 1995.ISBN 1-55750-132-7.
  • Whitley, M.J.Cruisers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia. London: Brockhampton Press, 1999.ISBN 1-86019-874-0,

External links

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