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| Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil | |
.jpg) Logo of the OAB Federal Council | |
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| Abbreviation | OAB |
|---|---|
| Formation | 18 November 1930; 95 years ago (1930-11-18) |
| Type | Bar association |
| Headquarters | Brasília,Federal District |
| Location |
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| Membership | 1,337,651 practising, 1,413,330 total (2023)[1] |
Official language | Portuguese |
President | José Alberto Simonetti |
| Website | www |
TheOrder of Attorneys of Brazil (Portuguese:Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil,OAB) is theBrazilianBar Association. Founded in 1930, it is responsible for the regulation of the legal profession in the country. Its nationalheadquarters are inBrasília,Federal District. The OAB has 1,065,304 lawyers (2018).[2] This number rose to 1,211,309 as of early 2021.[3]
Its early origins are found on a private institution founded in 1843. Graduates inLaw fromuniversity who wish to act on behalf of clients before a Court of Law mustregister at the Order of Attorneys of Brazil. Only those who are duly registered can provide legal consultation and appear before the Court. It is an organization independent from thegovernment, but it has somepublic powers, which include disciplinary action over its members. The Federal Constitution of Brazil considered advocacy an essential activity for the maintenance of justice, and Art. 133 provides that "The lawyer is indispensable to the administration of justice and is inviolable for his acts or manifestations in the exercise of his profession, within the limits of the law."[4] Furthermore, the institution has sui generis qualities, since it is not linked to any control by the government, nor by the courts of auditors, as understood by the Supreme Federal Court externalized in 2006.[5][6][7]
InBrazil, thebar examination occurs nationally in March, August and December. These examinations are unified and organized by the Order of Attorneys of Brazil. After 5 years inlaw school, Bachelors of Laws take the Bar exam that consists of 2 phases: themultiple choice test and thewritten test, without further requirements.
TheConstitution of Brazil sets restrictions on the professional practice of law embodied in the fulfillment of therequirements and qualifications they require, which may include, in addition tograduation formal submission of the applicant in the proficiencytests. The Bar exam is pursuant to Law No. 8906 of July 4, 1994.[8]
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