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Optic vesicle

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Sac that protrudes from the embryonic forebrain to form each eye

Optic vesicle
Transverse section of head of chickembryo of forty-eight hours’ incubation. (Optic vesicle labeled at lower right.)
Human embryo about fifteen days old.Brain andheart represented from right side.Digestive tube andyolk sac in median section. (Optic vesicle labeled at center top.)
Details
Carnegie stage	11
Gives rise to	Human eyes
Identifiers
Latin	vesicula optica; vesicula ophthalmica
TE	vesicle_by_E5.14.3.4.2.2.4 E5.14.3.4.2.2.4
Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

Theeyes begin todevelop as a pair ofdiverticula (pouches) from the lateral aspects of theforebrain. These diverticula make their appearance before the closure of the anterior end of theneural tube;^[1]^[2] after the closure of the tube around the 4th week of development, they are known as theoptic vesicles. Previous studies of optic vesicles suggest that the surrounding extraocular tissues – the surfaceectoderm and extraocularmesenchyme – are necessary for normal eye growth and differentiation.^[3]

They project toward the sides of the head, and the peripheral part of each expands to form a hollow bulb, while the proximal part remains narrow and constitutes theoptic stalk, which goes on to form theoptic nerve.^[4]^[5]

Additional images

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Head of chick embryo of about thirty-eight hours’ incubation, viewed from the ventral surface. X 26

References

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This article incorporates text in thepublic domain frompage 1001 of the 20th edition ofGray's Anatomy(1918)

Citations

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^Hosseini, Hadi S.; Beebe, David C.; Taber, Larry A. (2014)."Mechanical Effects of the Surface Ectoderm on Optic Vesicle Morphogenesis in the Chick Embryo".Journal of Biomechanics.47 (16):3837–3846.doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.10.018.PMC 4261019.PMID 25458577.
^Hosseini, Hadi S.; Taber, Larry A. (2018)."How mechanical forces shape the developing eye".Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology.137 (16):25–36.doi:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.01.004.PMC 6085168.PMID 29432780.
^Fuhrmann, S. (2010). Eye Morphogenesis and Patterning of the Optic Vesicle. Current Topics in Developmental Biology Invertebrate and Vertebrate Eye Development, 61-84. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-385044-7.00003-5
^Hosseini, Hadi S.; Beebe, David C.; Taber, Larry A. (2014)."Mechanical effects of the surface ectoderm on optic vesicle morphogenesis in the chick embryo".Journal of Biomechanics.47 (16):3837–3846.doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.10.018.PMC 4261019.PMID 25458577.
^Hosseini, Hadi S.; Taber, Larry A. (2018)."How mechanical forces shape the developing eye".Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology.137 (16):25–36.doi:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.01.004.PMC 6085168.PMID 29432780.

Sources

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Fuhrmann, S. (2010). Eye Morphogenesis and Patterning of the Optic Vesicle. Current Topics in Developmental Biology Invertebrate and Vertebrate Eye Development, 61–84. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-385044-7.00003-5

External links

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eye-012—Embryo Images atUniversity of North Carolina
Overview at vision.ca
Overview at temple.edu

Development of thenervous system

Neurogenesis

General	Neural development Neurulation Neurula Notochord Neuroectoderm Neural plate Neural fold Neural groove Neuropoiesis Adult neurogenesis
Neural crest	Cranial neural crest Cardiac neural crest complex Truncal neural crest
Neural tube	Rostral neuropore Neuromere /Rhombomere Cephalic flexure Cervical flexure Pontine flexure Alar plate Basal plate Glioblast Neuroblast Germinal matrix