Oosterbeek | |
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![The Reformed Church (Oude Kerk (Oosterbeek) [nl])](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aOude_kerk_(PKN)_Oosterbeek_2008.jpg) | |
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| Coordinates:51°59′5″N5°50′40″E / 51.98472°N 5.84444°E /51.98472; 5.84444 | |
| Country | Netherlands |
| Province | Gelderland |
| Municipality | Renkum |
| Government | |
| • Body | RenkumMunicipal council |
| • Mayor | Mrs. A.M.J. (Agnes) Schaap[2] |
| Population (2021) | 11,374[1] |
| Website | www |
Oosterbeek is avillage in the eastern part ofNetherlands. It is located in the municipality ofRenkum in the province ofGelderland, about 5 km (3.1 mi) west ofArnhem.
The oldest part of Oosterbeek is the Benedendorp (Lower Village), on the northern bank of theLower Rhine.[3] One landmark in the village is the Hervormde Kerk (Reformed Church), which has certain architectural sections that date back to the second half of the 10th century. It is the oldest church in the country which is still in use.[4]
Oosterbeek was a separatemunicipality until 1818, when the area was divided betweenDoorwerth and the village ofRenkum.[5] In the 19th century, several mansions were built on the higher ground to the north of the old village. One of these mansions, called De Hemelse Berg, was destroyed in 1944. Another, called Hartenstein, is now home to theAirborne Museum. The construction of smaller buildings in the same area led to the creation of the Bovendorp (Upper Village). To the north of the built-up area lies theArnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery.
The village is known for its involvement in the September 1944Battle of Arnhem, during which it was heavily damaged.General Roy Urquhart ofBritain had his headquarters at Hotel Hartenstein. In May 1978 Urquhart opened the Airborne Museum in the hotel, which commemorates the Battle of Arnhem.[6]
Oosterbeek is also the location of theHotel de Bilderberg, where theBilderberg Group first met in 1954.[7]
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The Oosterbeek School is known as the birthplace of DutchImpressionism, along with the nearby village ofWolfheze.[9] Art historians call this theBarbizon of the North. The school's most successful period was from 1841 until 1870, before the artists turned toLaren,[10]Kortenhoef,[11]Egmond aan Zee,[12]Katwijk aan Zee,[13]Scheveningen, andNoordwijk,[14] where they founded new art colonies or painters' villages. During this time, they established thePulchri Studio inThe Hague and opened the second Golden Age of Dutch painting. Consequently, they became the forerunners of theModern art movement in the Netherlands.
Artists who were part of the movement near Oosterbeek includeGerard Bilders,Paul Gabriël,Barend Cornelis Koekkoek,Jacob Maris,Matthijs Maris,Willem Maris,Anton Mauve,Hendrik Mesdag,Willem Roelofs, andJan Hendrik Weissenbruch.
Oosterbeek has arailway station that opened on 16 May 1845. It is on theAmsterdam–Arnhem railway (Rhijnspoorweg). The primary bus line, 352, connects Oosterbeek with Wageningen and Arnhem.
The commemorativeAirborne March is held in Oosterbeek every year on the first Saturday of September. The event started in 1947 and involves thousands of people, who walk 10 kilometers, 15 kilometers, or 25 kilometers. A 40-kilometer distance was added in the early 21st century.[15]
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