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Ontario Liberal Party Parti libéral de l'Ontario | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Abbreviation | OLP PLO |
| Leader | John Fraser (interim) |
| President | Kathryn McGarry[1][2] |
| Parliamentary leader | John Fraser[3] |
| House leader | Lucille Collard[3] |
| Founded | 1857; 169 years ago (1857) |
| Preceded by | Clear Grits |
| Headquarters | 344 Bloor Street W. Suite 404 Toronto,Ontario M5S 3A7 Canada |
| Youth wing | Ontario Young Liberals |
| Women's wing | Ontario Women’s Liberal Commission |
| Membership(2023) |  103,206[4] |
| Ideology | Liberalism (Canadian) |
| National affiliation | Liberal Party of Canada (until 1976) |
| Colours | Red |
| Seats inLegislature | 14 / 124 |
| Website | |
| ontarioliberal | |
TheOntario Liberal Party (OLP;French:Parti libéral de l'Ontario,PLO)[5] is a political party in the province ofOntario,Canada. It has been one of the two main contenders for government for much of Ontario's history along with their conservative rival (currently theProgressive Conservative Party). Liberal ministries governed the province 63 of the approximately 160 years sinceConfederation, producing 10 of its 26 premiers.
The party has strong informal ties to theLiberal Party of Canada, but the two parties are organizationally independent and have separate, though overlapping, memberships. The provincial party and the Ontario wing of the federal party were organizationally one entity until members voted to split in 1976.[6]
The party espouses the principles ofliberalism, with their rival theProgressive Conservative (PC) Party positioned to theright and theNew Democratic Party (NDP), which at times aligned itself with the Liberals during minority governments, positioned to theirleft.
The Liberals suffered its worst electoral defeat in the2018 Ontario provincial election both in terms of seat count (seven) and popular vote (19.6%), losingofficial party status at theLegislative Assembly of Ontario. It was also the worst defeat of a governing party in Ontario history.[7] Prior to the 2018 election, the party had won four consecutive elections since the turn of the century and had governed the province for the previous 15 years.[8] In the2022 provincial election, the Liberals saw a modest increase in support, finishing second in popular vote, but only winning eight seats.[9]
In the most recentelection in 2025, the party led byBonnie Crombie won 14 seats and regained official party status. However, Crombie did not win her own seat and the Liberals remained the third-party in the legislature, despite having won a substantially larger share of the popular vote than the official opposition NDP (30% vs NDP's 18.6%).
Following Ontario'sfirst ministry postConfederation (a predominately Conservative ministry led by a Liberal being opposed by the majority of the Liberals in the first legislative assembly), the Ontario Liberals went through an extended period of dominance, governing the province for 34 of the 50 years between Confederation andWorld War I.Sir Oliver Mowat,one of theFathers of Confederation, led the party and the province for 24 of those years, and remains the province's longest-serving premier (and the third longest of any first minister in Canada).
It however spent much of the following century in the wilderness. Bitter internal division ended a nine-year Liberal government in 1943 and produced the province's shortest-serving premier to date inHarry Nixon. Follow four decades in opposition,David Peterson with the support of the NDP ended 42 consecutive years of Progressive Conservative rules in 1985, and led the province for five years. After the turn of the millennium,Dalton McGuinty led the party back to government in 2003. Kathleen Wynne, a minister in the McGuinty ministry, won the party's leadership in 2013, becoming the first woman to serve as Premier of Ontario, and the first openly gay person to serve as first minister anywhere in Canada. She led the party to its most recent victory in 2014, before leading it to its historic defeat in 2018.
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The Liberal Party of Ontario is descended from theReform Party ofRobert Baldwin andWilliam Lyon Mackenzie, who argued forresponsible government in the 1830s and 1840s against theconservative patrician rule of theFamily Compact.
The modern Liberals were founded byGeorge Brown, who sought to rebuild the Reform Party after its collapse in 1854. In 1857, Brown brought together the Reformers and the radical "Clear Grits" ofsouthwestern Ontario to create a new party inUpper Canada with a platform of democratic reform and annexation of the north-west. The party adopted a position in favour of uniting Britain's North American colonies, a concept that led toCanadian Confederation.
After 1867,Edward Blake became leader of the Ontario Liberal Party. The party sat in opposition to theConservative government led byJohn Sandfield Macdonald. Blake's Liberals defeated the Tories in1871, but Blake leftQueen's Park for Ottawa the next year, leaving the provincial Liberals in the hands ofOliver Mowat. Mowat served asPremier of Ontario until 1896.
While the Tories became a narrow, sectarianProtestant party with a base in theOrange Order, the Liberals under Mowat attempted to bring togetherCatholics and Protestants, rural and urban interests under moderate, religiously liberal leadership.[10][11]
The Liberals were defeated in1905 after over thirty years in power. The party had grown tired and arrogant in government and became increasingly cautious.[12] As well, a growing anti-Catholic sectarian sentiment hurt the Liberals, particularly in Toronto where they were unable to win a seat from 1890 until 1916. The Liberals continued to decline after losing power, and, for a time, were eclipsed by theUnited Farmers of Ontario (UFO) when the Liberals were unable to attract the growing farmers' protest movement to its ranks.
Debates over the party's policy onliquor divided the membership, forced the resignation of at least one leader,Hartley Dewart, and drove away many reform-minded Liberals who supported the federal party underWilliam Lyon Mackenzie King but found the provincial party too narrow and conservative to support. The party was so disorganized that it was led for seven years (and through two provincial elections) by aninterim leader,W.E.N. Sinclair, as there was not enough money or a sufficient level of organization, and too many divisions within the party to hold aleadership convention. By 1930, the Liberals were reduced to a small, rural andprohibitionist rump with a base in south western Ontario.
After a series of ineffective leaders, the Liberals turned toMitchell Hepburn, an onion farmer, federalMember of Parliament and former member of the UFO. Hepburn was able to build an electoral coalition withLiberal-Progressives and attract reformers and urban voters to the party. The Liberal-Progressives had previously supported the UFO and theProgressive Party of Canada. A "wet", Hepburn was able to end the divisions in the party around the issue oftemperance which had reduced it to a narrow sect. The revitalized party was able to win votes from rural farmers, particularly in southwestern Ontario, urban Ontario, Catholics and francophones. It also had the advantage of not being in power at the onset of theGreat Depression. With the economy in crisis, Ontarians looked for a new government, and Hepburn's populism was able to excite the province.
In government, Hepburn's Liberals warred withorganized labour led by theCongress of Industrial Organizations, who were trying to unionize the auto-sector. Later, he battled with the federalLiberal Party of Canada government ofWilliam Lyon Mackenzie King, which, Hepburn argued, was insufficiently supportive of thewar effort. The battle between Hepburn and King split the Ontario Liberal Party and led to Hepburn's ouster as leader. It also contributed to the party's defeat in the1943 election, which was followed by the party's long stint in opposition. The Liberals declined to a right wing, rural rump. The "Progressive Conservatives" underGeorge Drew established a dynasty which was to rule Ontario for the next 42 years.
Ontario politics in recent times have been dominated by theProgressive Conservatives, also known as the Tories. The Liberals had formed the Government for only five years out of sixty years from 1943 to 2003. For forty-two years, from 1943 to 1985, the province was governed by the Tories. During this period, the Ontario Liberal Party was a rural, conservative rump with a southwestern Ontario base, and were often further to theright of the moderateRed Tory Conservative administrations.[citation needed] In 1964, the party changed their name from the "Ontario Liberal Association" to the "Liberal Party of Ontario".[13]
In September 1964, the partyelectedAndy Thompson as its leader. While the leadership election garnered some attention, it looked like Thompson would have a hard time winning an election. The Liberals had held office only three times for 13 years since 1900 and the party caucus was not that much different from the time between 1959 and 1963. They failed to get a popular candidate,Charles Templeton, elected in a by-election. They also lost another riding to the PCs whenMaurice Bélanger died in March 1964. Thompson would last only two years as leader before resigning due to stress-induced health problems.[13]
Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, the Liberals were almost shut out ofMetropolitan Toronto and otherurban areas and, in 1975, fell to third place behind theOntario New Democratic Party (NDP) underStephen Lewis. With the NDP in ascendancy in the late 1960s and 1970s, it appeared that the Liberals could disappear altogether.
The Liberals remained more popular than the Tories amongCatholic andFrancophone voters, due to the party's support for extendingseparate school funding to include Grades 11–13. The Tories opposed this extension until 1985, when they suddenly reversed their position. This reversal angered traditional Conservative voters, and may have contributed to their defeat in the1985 election.
The Ontario Liberal Party first broke the Tories' hold on the province in 1985 under the leadership ofDavid Peterson. Peterson modernized the party and made it appealing to urban voters and immigrants who had previously supported the cautious government of Tory PremiersJohn Robarts andWilliam Davis.[14]
Peterson was able to form aminority government from 1985 to 1987 due to an accord signed with the Ontario NDP. Under this accord, the NDP agreed not to trigger an election via a non-confidence vote in exchange for the Liberals implementing certain agreed upon policies and not calling an election for the next two years.[15]
Once the accord expired, anelection was called and Peterson won a strongmajority government with 95 seats, its most ever.[16]
Peterson's government ruled in a time of economic plenty where occasional instances of fiscal imprudence were not much remarked on. Peterson was a close ally ofPrime MinisterBrian Mulroney on theMeech Lake Accord, but opposed Mulroney on the issue offree trade.
The majority Liberal government of 1987 to 1990 was less innovative than the previous minority government. The Liberals' increasing conservatism caused manycentre-left voters to look at the Ontario NDP and its leaderBob Rae, and consider thesocial-democratic NDP as an alternative to the Liberals.
The Liberals went into the1990 election with apparently strong support in the public opinion polls. This support quickly evaporated, however. On the campaign trail, the media reported that the Liberals were met by voters who were angry at going to the polls just three years into the government's mandate. Another negative factor was Peterson's association with Mulroney and the failedMeech Lake Accord attempt at constitutional reform, about which the public felt strongly. The campaign was also poorly run: a mid-campaign proposal to cut theprovincial sales tax was a particularly bad blunder. The party had also underestimated the impact of thePatti Starr fundraising scandal, as well as allegations surrounding the Liberal government's links with land developers.
In the 1990 election, the Liberals only finished five points behind the NDP in the popular vote. However, the NDP took many seats from the Liberals in the Toronto suburbs. The NDP promised a return to the activist form of government that had prevailed from 1985 to 1987, and its co-operation with the Liberals during that time made it appear more moderate and acceptable to swing voters in the Toronto area. Due to the nature of the first-past-the-post system, the Liberals were decimated, falling from 95 seats to 36. The 59-seat loss surpassed the 48-seat loss in 1943 that began the Tories' long rule over the province. Peterson himself was heavily defeated in his own London-area riding by the NDP challenger.[17]
By the1995 election, the NDP government had become very unpopular due to perceived mismanagement, a few scandals, and because of the severe downturn in the economy. The Liberal Party was expected to replace the unpopular NDP, but it ran a poor campaign under leaderLyn McLeod, and was beaten by the Progressive Conservatives underMike Harris. Harris swept to power on a right-wing "Common Sense Revolution" platform. In 1996, the Ontario Liberals selected Dalton McGuinty as their leader in a free-wheeling convention. Starting in fourth place, McGuinty's fiscally prudent record and moderate demeanor made him the second choice of a convention polarized around the candidacy of former Toronto Food Bank headGerard Kennedy.
In the1999 election, the governing Conservatives were reelected on the basis of strong economic growth and a negative campaign tightly focused on portraying McGuinty as "not up to the job". A poor performance in the leader's debate and a weak overall campaign hamstrung the new leader, but he was able to rally his party in the final weeks of the campaign. The Ontario Liberals garnered 40% of the vote, at the time their second-highest total in 50 years.
McGuinty's second term as opposition leader was more successful than his first. With the Liberals consolidated as the primary opposition to Harris's Progressive Conservatives, McGuinty was able to present his party as the "government in waiting". He hired a more skilled group of advisors and drafted former cabinet ministerGreg Sorbara as party president. McGuinty also rebuilt the party's fundraising operation, launching the Ontario Liberal Fund. He personally rebuilt the party's platform to one that emphasized lowering class sizes, hiring more nurses, increasing environmental protections and "holding the line" on taxes in the buildup to the 2003 election. McGuinty also made a serious effort to improve his debating skills, and received coaching fromDemocratic Party trainers in the United States.
In the2003 election, McGuinty led the Liberals to a majority government, winning 72 out of 103 seats. The PC government's record had already been marred by a number of prior events, including the death ofDudley George, theWalkerton water tragedy and the government's performance during theSARS outbreak. The PC's election campaign relied on attack ads against McGuinty, while the McGuinty campaign kept a positive message throughout. The PCs' negative attacks on McGuinty backfired throughout the campaign.[18]
The new government called the Legislature back in session in late 2003, and passed a series of bills relating to its election promises. The government brought in auto insurance reforms (including a price cap), fixed election dates, rolled-back a series of corporate and personal tax cuts which had been scheduled for 2004, passed legislation which enshrined publicly fundedMedicare into provincial law, hired more meat and water inspectors, opened up the provincially owned electricity companies toFreedom of Information laws and enacted a ban on partisan government advertising.
The McGuinty government also benefited from a scandal involving the previous Progressive Conservative government's management ofOntario Power Generation and Hydro One, which broke in the winter of 2003–04. It was revealed that a number of key figures associated with Mike Harris's "Common Sense Revolution" had received lucrative, untendered multimillion-dollar consulting contracts from these institutions. Among the figures named in the scandal wereTom Long, former Harris campaign chairman, Leslie Noble, former Harris campaign manager andPaul Rhodes, former Harris communications director.
On May 18, 2004, Provincial Finance MinisterGreg Sorbara released the McGuinty government's first budget. The centrepiece was a controversial new Health Premium of $300 to $900, staggered according to income. This violated a key Liberal campaign pledge not to raise taxes, and gave the government an early reputation for breaking promises. The Liberals defended the premium by pointing to the previous government's hidden deficit of $5.6 billion,[19] and McGuinty claimed he needed to break his campaign pledge on taxation to fulfill his promises on other fronts.
TheOntario Health Premium also became a major issue in the early days of the 2004 federal election, called a week after the Ontario budget. Most believe that the controversy seriously hampered Liberal Prime MinisterPaul Martin's bid for re-election.
Also controversial were the elimination of coverage for health services not covered by theCanada Health Act, includingeye examinations andphysical therapy. Other elements included a four-year plan to tackle the deficit left behind by the Progressive Conservatives, freeimmunization for children, investments in education and investments to lower waiting times for cancer care, cardiac care,joint replacement,MRI andCT scans.
Soon after the federal election, McGuinty hosted a federal-provincial summit onpublic health-care funding which resulted in a new agreement for a national health accord. This accord allowed the provincialPremiers and territorial leaders to draw more money from Ottawa for health services, and requires the federal government to take provincial concerns such as hospital waiting-lists into account. McGuinty's performance at the summit was generally applauded by the Canadian media.
The McGuinty government brought forward a number of regulatory initiatives in the fall of 2004. These included legislation allowing bring-your-own-wine in restaurants, banning junk food inpublic schools to promote healthier choices, outlawing smoking in public places and requiring students to stay in school until age 18. Following a series of high-profile maulings, the government also moved to banpit bulls.
During early 2005, McGuinty called the Legislature back for a rare winter session to debate and pass several high-profile bills. The government legislated a Greenbelt around Toronto. The size ofPrince Edward Island, the Greenbelt protects a broad swath of land from development and preserves forests and farmland. In response to court decisions, the Liberals updated the definition of marriage to include homosexual couples.
McGuinty also launched a PR campaign to narrow the politically charged $23 billion gap between what Ontario contributes to the federal government and what is returned to Ontario in services. This came as a sharp turn after more than a year of cooperating with the federal government, but McGuinty pointed to the special deals worked out by the federal government withNewfoundland and Labrador andNova Scotia as compromising the nature ofequalization payments. In particular, McGuinty noted that immigrants in Ontario receive $800 in support from the federal government, while those in Quebec receive $3800.
In the 2003 campaign, the Liberals denouncedpublic-private partnerships (also known as "3P" deals) for infrastructure projects such as the building of hospitals. Following the campaign, however, the McGuinty government allowed "3P" hospital construction deals arranged by the previous government to continue.
The Ontario Liberals won their second majority in a row on October 10, 2007, winning 71 of the province's 107 seats. Winning two majorities back to back is a feat that had not occurred for the party in 70 years.[20]
In the next general election on October 6, 2011, McGuinty led the Liberals to win a historic third consecutive term and to once again form government, albeit with a minority of seats in the legislature. The Liberals won 53 of the 107 seats, just short of a 54-seat majority government.[21] On October 15, 2012, McGuinty announced that he would resign as leader and Premier.[22][23] At the end of January 2013, the party elected MPP Kathleen Wynne as leader, making her the 25th Premier of Ontario.[24]
The June 12, 2014 election was triggered by theOntario New Democratic Party's decision to reject the 2014 Ontario Budget. The Liberal Party under the leadership ofKathleen Wynne won 58 seats in the Legislature, and formed a majority government.
In 2015, the Liberals proposed to sell 60 per cent of the province's $16-billion share of the province's electricity distribution utility,Hydro One. Hydro One Brampton and Hydro One Networks' distribution arm would be spun off into a separate company and sold outright for up to $3 billion.[25][26]
The government pivoted to the left in the lead up to the 2018 election by raising the minimum wage, introducing reforms to employment standards and labour law, bringing in a limited form of pharmacare and promising universal child care.
In the2018 general election, the Liberals were swept from power in a historic defeat that resulted in large gains for both the Progressive Conservatives and NDP. The Liberal popular vote fell to 19%, almost half their previous result; the party lost 51 seats and were reduced to a rump of only seven seats in a swing that elected a PC majority and made the NDP the official opposition.
Notably, the Liberals lost all but three of their 18 seats in Toronto, were completely shut out in the905 region and won only one seat outside of Toronto and Ottawa. The seven-member rump caucus was one short of the requirement to retainofficial status in the Ontario legislature, and was also the only remnant of Wynne's cabinet. Wynne herself barely held onto her own seat by 181 votes. Accepting responsibility for the worst showing in the party's 161-year history and the worst defeat of a sitting government in Ontario, Wynne resigned as Liberal leader on election night.
On June 14, 2018,John Fraser was appointed as interim leader of the party following a vote by caucus members, riding association presidents, and party executives.[27]
In the2018 municipal election later in the year, six of the defeated Liberal MPPs —Bill Mauro,Kathryn McGarry,Jim Bradley,Mike Colle,Granville Anderson andDipika Damerla — were elected to municipal office as mayors, city councillors or regional councillors.[28]
In March 2020, the party elected former Cabinet MinisterSteven Del Duca as leader, who defeated five other candidates on the first ballot at theleadership convention.
In the2022 general election, the Liberals finished second in popular vote but gained only one seat, once again falling short ofofficial status by four seats.[29] After failing to win in his own riding, leader Steven Del Duca announced his resignation as party leader.[30] John Fraser returned as interim leader until theDecember 2023 leadership election which electedMississauga mayorBonnie Crombie as the new Liberal leader.[31][32]
On December 2, 2023, the Ontario Liberal Party electedBonnie Crombie, the then-mayor of Mississauga, as the next leader of the party, defeating MPNate Erskine-Smith, MPYasir Naqvi, and MPPTed Hsu.[33]
On September 21, 2024, the Ontario Liberal Party unveiled their new logo alongside their slogan, "More for You."[34]
In the2025 election, the Liberals garnered 30% of the vote, their highest total since losing government in 2018, winning 14 seats and gaining official party status in the Ontario Legislature. Party leaderBonnie Crombie was defeated in the riding ofMississauga East—Cooksville.
Following the election, the party executive unanimously voted in support of Bonnie Crombie remaining as party leader,[35] while scheduling aleadership review at the party's annual general meeting on September 12–14, 2025.[36] Crombie received 57% percent support in the vote, above the 50% support required by the party's constitution, but short of the 60%–67% many in the party had been calling for.[37][38] Crombie initially announced that she would be staying on as leader, but hours after the results were announced issued a statement that she planned to resign upon theselection of a new leader.[39] She formally resigned as leader on January 14, 2026, with a successor to be chosen at a later date.[40]
| Member | Elected | District | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rob Cerjanec | 2025 | Ajax | Economic Development and Innovation, Tourism, Sport and Culture |
| Mary-Margaret McMahon | 2022 | Beaches—East York | Critic for the Environment and Climate and Emergency Management |
| Adil Shamji | 2022 | Don Valley East | Chief Whip Critic for Housing, Primary Care, Urgent Care and Public Health, and Indigenous Affairs. |
| Jonathan Tsao | 2025 | Don Valley North | Critic for Citizenship and Immigration, Community, Social Services, Children and Youth |
| Stephanie Bowman | 2022 | Don Valley West | Deputy House Leader Critic for Finance and Treasury Board, Interprovincial Trade, Tariffs and International Trade |
| Lee Fairclough | 2025 | Etobicoke—Lakeshore | Critic for Hospitals, Mental Health, Addictions and Homelessness |
| Karen McCrimmon | 2023 | Kanata—Carleton | Critic for Public Safety, Cybersecurity and Crime Prevention, Solicitor General |
| Ted Hsu | 2022 | Kingston and the Islands | Critic for Energy, Natural Resources, Agriculture, Rural Issues, and Mining and Forestry |
| Tyler Watt | 2025 | Nepean | Critic for Training, Colleges and Universities, Long Term Care |
| Stephen Blais | 2020 | Orléans | Caucus Chair Critic for Infrastructure, and Municipalities, Middle Class Prosperity, Government Services and Procurement and Red Tape Reduction |
| John Fraser | 2013 | Ottawa South | Interim leader 2022–2023 Leader in the LegislatureCritic for Labour, Education |
| Lucille Collard | 2020 | Ottawa—Vanier | House leader 2022–present Critic for Attorney General, Francophone Affairs, and French Language Education |
| Andrea Hazell | 2023 | Scarborough—Guildwood | Critic for Transportation, Small Business, and Women |
| Stephanie Smyth | 2025 | Toronto—St. Paul's | Deputy Whip Critic for Ethics, Integrity and Accountability, Northern Affairs, Seniors and Accessibility |
The executive of the Ontario Liberal Party is elected to a 12 to 18 month term at the Annual General Meeting.
| Position | Name |
|---|---|
| Leader | Vacant |
| President | Kathryn McGarry |
| Executive Vice President | David Farrow |
| Treasurer | Gabriel Sékaly |
| Secretary | Pankaj Sandhu |
| Vice President (Policy) | Fahim Khan |
| Vice President (Organization) | Meagan Trush |
| Vice President (Communications) | Hunter Knifton |
| Vice President (Engagement) | David Morris |
| Past President | Brian Johns |
| Regional Vice President for Central East | Zachary Hatton |
| Regional Vice President for Central North | Sam Azad |
| Regional Vice President for Central West | Sukhwant Theti |
| Regional Vice President for the East | Matthew Gagné |
| Regional Vice President for the North | Stephen Margarit |
| Regional Vice President South Central | Doug Varley |
| Regional Vice President South West | Bob Wright |
| Regional Vice President for Toronto (E/D/EY) | Noah Parker |
| Regional Vice President (Y/NY/S) | Lawrence Dawkins |
| OYL President | Palwashah Ali |
| OWLC President | Marilyn Raphael |
| OLRNC President | Roger Martin |
| OSC President | Sheila Bryan |
| No. | Photo | Leader | Time in Office | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| — |  | George Brown | 1857–1867 | Unofficial. Served asPremier of Canada West (August 2–6, 1858) as leader of theClear Grits (a predecessor of both the Ontario Liberal Party andLiberal Party of Canada) prior toConfederation. |
| — |  | Archibald McKellar | 1867 –1870 | Unofficial leader as the most experienced Reformer in opposition. Later served inBlake andMowat ministries. |
| 1 | | Edward Blake | 1870 –1872 2nd Premier | First official leader. Wonelection held in March 1871 but did not become Premier until December due to PremierJohn Sandfield Macdonald's refusal to resign or call the assembly into session. Left provincial politics upon the abolition ofdual mandate. Served as leader of thefederal Liberal Party from 1880 to 1887. |
| 2 | | SirOliver Mowat | 1872 –1896 3rd Premier | Longest serving Premier of Ontario (third longest in Canada), served as premier the entire period while leader, won six elections with majority mandate Left provincial politics to become a Senator andfederal Minister of Justice. Served as the eighthLieutenant Governor of Ontario. |
| 3 | | Arthur S. Hardy | 1896 – 1899 4th Premier | Previously served 19 years in the Mowat ministry. |
| 4 | | SirGeorge William Ross | 1899–1907 5th Premier | Previously served as MP 1872-83, and aseducation minister in the Mowat and Hardy ministries. Appointed Senator 1910 |
| 5 | .jpg) | George P. Graham | 1907 | Resigned shortly after becoming leader to serve in the federalLaurier ministry. Later served inKing ministry and as a Senator. Later a federal MP and Senator |
| 6 |  | Alexander Grant MacKay | 1907–1911 | Previously served in the Ross ministry. Later was elected MLA in Alberta and served in Alberta'sStewart ministry |
| 7 |  | Newton Rowell | 1911–1917 | Broke with party over conscription, resigned from legislature to join federal UnionistBorden ministry. Later appointed Chief Justice of Ontario |
| — |  | William Proudfoot | 1918–1919 | Interim leader chosen by caucus, faced leadership challenge and lost. Later appointed to Senate |
| 8 | Hartley Dewart | 1919–1921 | First party leader elected by leadership convention. Leader of the Opposition | |
| 9 | Wellington Hay | 1922–1923 | Party failed to win either government or 2nd most seats for the first time under Hay's leadership (but 2nd in popular vote), but remain Official Opposition as the governing Conservatives refused to recognize the second-place UFO as the Official Opposition. Later a federal Liberal MP. | |
| — | W.E.N. Sinclair | 1923–1930[A] | Interim leader. Led party in two elections but failed to make significant gains either time. Remained Leader of the Opposition until 1934 as new Liberal leader Mitchell Hepburn didn't have a seat in the legislature. | |
| 10 |  | Mitchell Hepburn | 1930–1942[B] 11th Premier of | Previously federal MP from 1926 to 1934, remaining in the House of Commons while serving as provincial party leader. Continued as Treasurer in Conant ministry. |
| — |  | Gordon Daniel Conant | 1942–1943 12th Premier | Served as Attorney General in the Hepburn ministry and his own ministry. Installed by Hepburn as Premier, did not formally assume party leadership, withdrew fromsubsequent leadership contest due to health reasons.[B] |
| 11 | | Harry Nixon | 1943–1944 13th Premier | Previously sat in the legislature as aUnited Farmers of Ontario MPP (1919–1923) and a Progressive (1923–1934). As a Liberal-Progressive (1934–1937) he joined the Hepburn cabinet in 1934 before formally becoming a Liberal MPP in 1937. Served asProvincial Secretary and Registrar in the Hepburn ministry. Led the governing Liberals to a third place defeat. |
| — | | Mitchell Hepburn | 1945 (second tenure) | Acting Leader, lost his own seat in the 1945 election and retired. |
| 12 |  | Farquhar Oliver | 1945–1950 | Previously aUnited Farmers of Ontario MPP until 1941 when he joined the Hepburn ministry asMinister of Public Works, and served in role again in Nixon ministry. Acting leader until 1947. Resigned after leading party to third place in 1950 election but remain leader in the legislature. |
| 13 |  | Walter Thomson | 1950–1954 | Previously federal MP. Led party in 1951 election but failed to win a seat, party became official opposition despite further lost 6 seats |
| — | | Farquhar Oliver | 1954–1958 (second time) | Leader of the Opposition from 1951 to 1958 as party leader did not have a seat. |
| 14 | John Wintermeyer | 1958–1963 | First party leader elected without leading on the first ballot. Party gain seats in both 1959 and 1963 elections under his leadership, but he lost his own seat in 1963. | |
| — | | Farquhar Oliver | 1963–1964 (third time) | Interim party leader and Leader of the Opposition |
| 15 | Andy Thompson | 1964–1966 | Resigned due to health reason without having led the party in a general election. Later a federal Liberal Senator (1967-1998) | |
| 16 |  | Robert Nixon | November 16, 1966 –January 25, 1976 | Elected interim leader by caucus, acclaimed as permanent leader on January 6, 1967. Resigned as leader in 1972 but remained as interim leader, changed mind about retirement, ran to succeed self and won in 1973. Resigned again after leading party to third place in 1975 despite gaining 15 seats. |
| 17 | Stuart Smith | January 25, 1976 –December 23, 1981 | Leader of the Opposition from 1977 to 1981. | |
| — | | Robert Nixon | December 23, 1981 –February 22, 1982 (second time) | Interim leader. |
| 18 | | David Peterson | February 22, 1982 – 1990 20th Premier | Led party to winning popular vote but second most seat in 1985 election, form government with an accord with NDP without forming coalition. Led party to majority victory in 1987 election. |
| — | | Robert Nixon | 1990–1991 (third time) | Interim leader, resigned in order to accept a federal appointment. |
| — | Murray Elston | 1991 | Previously served in Peterson ministry Interim leader, resigned to seek permanent leadership | |
| — | Jim Bradley | November 19, 1991 – February 9, 1992 | Interim leader Previously served as environment minister in the Peterson ministry, held portfolio again (and other portfolios) in McGuinty and Wynne ministries | |
| 19 | Lyn McLeod | February 9, 1992 – December 1, 1996 | First female leader and first female Leader of the Opposition. Previously served in Peterson ministry | |
| 20 | | Dalton McGuinty | December 1, 1996 – January 26, 2013 24th Premier | Led party to two majority and one minority victories |
| 21 |  | Kathleen Wynne | January 26, 2013 – June 7, 2018 25th Premier | Premier of Ontario. First openly LGBT leader, first female leader to win electoral mandate. First female and first LGBT premier of Ontario. Previously served in McGuinty ministry |
| — | _(cropped).jpg) | John Fraser | June 14, 2018 — March 7, 2020 | Interim leader Served as leader in the legislature since 2018 through the leadership of two leaders without seat. |
| 22 |  | Steven Del Duca | March 7, 2020 – August 3, 2022 | Previously served in Wynne ministry. Elected leader while not having a seat in the legislature, party led by him came in second in popular vote in 2022, but failed to win his seat |
| — | | John Fraser | August 3, 2022 — December 2, 2023 (second time) | Interim leader, continued as leader in legislature since 2018 |
| 23 | _(cropped).jpg) | Bonnie Crombie | December 2, 2023 – January 14, 2026 | Previously a federal Liberal MP Elected leader while not having a seat in the legislature, party led by her regained official party status in 2025 but failed to win her seat |
| — | | John Fraser | January 22, 2026 — present (third time) | Interim leader. Has been parliamentary leader since 2018 |
The party president is elected at each annual meeting of the party by delegates elected from electoral district associations and other affiliated associations such as campus clubs. The role of president is to head the party’s executive council, which oversees such things as policy development and proposed party constitutional changes.[41]
The current president isKathryn McGarry.
| Name | Start | End | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joseph Cruden | April 1973 | Presided over the formation of a provincial party separate from theLiberal Party of Canada. | |
| Jeffrey King | April 1973[42] | April 1976 | Previously Ottawa Alderman (1970–72) |
| T. Patrick Reid | April 1976[43] | 1977 | Elected while MPP forRainy River |
| Wally Zimmerman | 1977[44] | ||
| Jack Heath | |||
| Jim Evans | |||
| David Deacon | 1983 | 1985 | |
| Don Smith | 1985 | 1987 | Co-founder of construction companyEllisDon with brother Ellis Smith. Husband ofJoan Smith, MPP forLondon South and laterSolicitor General (1987–89) |
| Brian Ducharme | 1987 | 1988 | |
| Kathy Robinson | 1988 | 1990 | |
| Allan Furlong | 1990 | 1992 | MPP for Durham Centre (1987–90) |
| Richard Mahoney | 1992 | 1995 | |
| Mike Eizenga | 1995 | 1997 | Later national president ofLiberal Party of Canada (2003–06). |
| Ross Lamont | 1997 | 1998 | |
| Tim Murphy | 1998 | November 1999 | Previously served as MPP forSt. George—St. David (1993–95). Later served asChief of Staff to Prime MinisterPaul Martin (2003–06) |
| Greg Sorbara | November 1999 | February 2004 | Previously served as MPP forYork North (1985–95) and in thePeterson ministry as Minister of Colleges and Universities and Minister of Skills Development (1985–87), Minister of Labour (1987–89), Minister of Consumer and Commercial Relations (1989–90). Contested party leadership in1996. Return to the legislature as MPP forVaughan—King—Aurora (2001–09) while president in a by-election. Served as Minister of Finance (2003–07) in theMcGuinty Ministry. |
| Deb Matthews | February 2004 | October 2006 | Elected while MPP forLondon North Centre (2003–18). Resigned upon elevation to cabinet. Served as Minister of Children and Youth Services (2007–2009) and Minister of Health and Long-Term Care (2009–2014) inMcGuinty Ministry, and as Deputy Premier of Ontario (2013-2018),Treasury Board President (2014-16) and Minister of Advanced Education and Skills Development (2016–18) in theWynne ministry. |
| Gord Phaneuf | Oct 2006 | October 2009[45] | |
| Yasir Naqvi | November 2009[45] | February 2013 | Elected while MPP forOttawa Centre (2007–18). Stepped down upon elevation to cabinet, served asMinister of Labour (2013–14),Minister of Community Safety and Correctional Services (2014-16), andAttorney General (2016–18) in theWynne ministry. Contested party leadership in2023. |
| Derek Teevan | February 2013 | March 2014 | |
| Siloni Waraich | April 2014 | June 2015 | |
| Vince Borg | June 2015 | November 2016 | Previously Principal Secretary to Premier David Peterson |
| Michael Spitale | November 2016 | July 2017[46] | |
| Brian Johns[47] | August 2017 | March 5, 2023 | |
| Kathryn McGarry | March 5, 2023[48] | Present | Previously served as MPP for Cambridge (2014–18), and asMinister of Natural Resources andMinister of Transportation in theWynne ministry. Mayor ofCambridge 2018-22. |
| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/− | Position | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1867 | Edward Blake | 77,689 | 48.8 | 41 / 82 | 41 | 2nd | Coalition |
| 1871 | 68,366 | 52.3 | 43 / 82 | 2 | 1st | Majority | |
| 1875 | Oliver Mowat | 90,809 | 47.6 | 50 / 88 | 7 |  1st | Majority |
| 1879 | 119,148 | 48.1 | 57 / 88 | 7 | 1st | Majority | |
| 1883 | 125,017 | 48.2 | 48 / 88 |  9 | 1st | Majority | |
| 1886 | 153,282 | 48.4 | 57 / 90 | 9 | 1st | Majority | |
| 1890 | 162,118 | 49.6 | 53 / 91 | 4 | 1st | Majority | |
| 1894 | 153,826 | 41.0 | 45 / 94 | 8 | 1st | Minority | |
| 1898 | Arthur S. Hardy | 202,332 | 47.3 | 51 / 94 | 6 | 1st | Majority |
| 1902 | George William Ross | 206,709 | 47.5 | 50 / 98 | 1 | 1st | Majority |
| 1905 | 198,595 | 44.6 | 28 / 98 | 22 | 2nd | Opposition | |
| 1908 | Alexander Grant MacKay | 177,719 | 39.5 | 19 / 106 | 9 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 1911 | Newton Rowell | 142,245 | 38.5 | 22 / 106 | 3 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 1914 | 186,168 | 37.5 | 25 / 111 | 3 | 2nd | Opposition | |
| 1919 | Hartley Dewart | 301,995 | 26.9 | 27 / 111 | 2 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 1923 | Wellington Hay | 203,079 | 21.8 | 14 / 111 | 13 | 3rd | Opposition1 |
| 1926 | W.E.N. Sinclair | 196,813 | 24.6 | 15 / 112 | 1 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 1929 | 319,487 | 31.5 | 13 / 112 | 2 | 2nd | Opposition | |
| 1934 | Mitchell Hepburn | 790,419 | 50.6 | 69 / 90 | 51 | 1st | Majority |
| 1937 | 815,275 | 51.9 | 65 / 90 | 4 | 1st | Majority | |
| 1943 | Harry Nixon | 409,308 | 31.2 | 15 / 90 | 46 | 3rd | Third party |
| 1945 | Mitchell Hepburn | 520,491 | 29.5 | 14 / 90 | 1 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 1948 | Farquhar Oliver | 523,477 | 29.8 | 14 / 90 | | 3rd | Third party |
| 1951 | Walter Thomson | 559,692 | 31.5 | 8 / 90 | 6 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 1955 | Farquhar Oliver | 585,720 | 33.3 | 11 / 98 | 3 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 1959 | John Wintermeyer | 689,148 | 36.6 | 22 / 98 | 10 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 1963 | 760,806 | 35.1 | 24 / 108 | 2 | 2nd | Opposition | |
| 1967 | Robert Nixon | 767,391 | 31.7 | 28 / 117 | 4 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 1971 | 913,742 | 27.8 | 20 / 117 | 8 | 2nd | Opposition | |
| 1975 | 1,134,681 | 34.3 | 36 / 125 | 20 | 3rd | Third party | |
| 1977 | Stuart Smith | 1,050,706 | 31.4 | 34 / 125 | 2 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 1981 | 1,072,680 | 33.7 | 34 / 125 | | 2nd | Opposition | |
| 1985 | David Peterson | 1,377,965 | 37.9 | 48 / 125 | 14 | 2nd | Opposition |
| Minority | |||||||
| 1987 | 1,788,214 | 47.3 | 95 / 130 | 47 | 1st | Majority | |
| 1990 | 1,302,134 | 32.4 | 36 / 130 | 59 | 2nd | Opposition | |
| 1995 | Lyn McLeod | 1,291,326 | 31.1 | 30 / 130 | 6 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 1999 | Dalton McGuinty | 1,751,472 | 39.9 | 35 / 103 | 5 | 2nd | Opposition |
| 2003 | 2,090,001 | 46.5 | 72 / 103 | 37 | 1st | Majority | |
| 2007 | 1,867,192 | 42.2 | 71 / 107 | 1 | 1st | Majority | |
| 2011 | 1,622,426 | 37.6 | 53 / 107 | 18 | 1st | Minority | |
| 2014 | Kathleen Wynne | 1,862,907 | 38.6 | 58 / 107 | 5 | 1st | Majority |
| 2018 | 1,124,381 | 19.6 | 7 / 124 | 51 | 3rd | No status | |
| 2022 | Steven Del Duca | 1,116,961 | 23.8 | 8 / 124 | 1 | 3rd | No status |
| 2025 | Bonnie Crombie | 1,504,688 | 29.9 | 14 / 124 | 6 | 3rd | Third party |
1The Liberals were recognized as the Official Opposition following the1923 election by the governing Conservatives, despite the fact that theUnited Farmers of Ontario had more seats. According to historian Peter Oliver, this was an arbitrary decision without basis in precedent or law. Conservative PremierG. Howard Ferguson used as justification an announcement by UFO general secretaryJames J. Morrison that the UFO would be withdrawing from party politics, though Oliver argues that this was facetious logic. UFO parliamentary leaderManning Doherty protested the decision, but to no avail. (source: Peter Oliver,G. Howard Ferguson: Ontario Tory, (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1977), p. 158.)
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