OnePlus was founded byPete Lau andCarl Pei on 16 December 2013 to develop a high-end flagship smartphone runningCyanogen OS that would come to be known as theOnePlus One. OnePlus would continue to release smartphones afterwards. In 2020, OnePlus released theOnePlus Nord, its first mid-range smartphone since theOnePlus X in 2015. Pei would oversee the design and marketing of OnePlus' products until his departure from the company in October 2020, going on to found the consumer electronics manufacturerNothing.
OnePlus Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. was founded on 16 December 2013 by formerOppo vice-presidentPete Lau andCarl Pei.[8] According to Chinese public records, OnePlus' onlyinstitutional Investor is Oppo Electronics.[4] Lau denied that OnePlus was aSubsidiary of Oppo and stated that Oppo Electronics and not Oppo Mobile (the phone manufacturer) is a major investor of OnePlus. Lau went on to state that they were "in talks with other investors",[9] although OnePlus has confirmed it uses Oppo's manufacturing line and shares part of the supply chain resources with Oppo.[10]
We will never be different just for the sake of being different. Everything done has to improve the actual user experience in day-to-day use.
Lau founded OnePlus with the intent to design a smartphone that would balance high-end quality with a lower price than other phones in its class, believing that users would "never settle" (a slogan that would come to be used by OnePlus in its marketing material) for the lower-quality devices produced by other companies. The name "OnePlus" originates from and encapsulates this same philosophy, with "1" representing the status quo and the "+" the desire to improve upon it, as well as the ambition to share good products with the world.[13][14] Lau also showed aspirations of being the "Muji of the tech industry", emphasizing its focus on high-quality products with simplistic, user-friendly designs.[11] Continuing Lau's association with the platform from theOppo N1,[12] OnePlus entered into an exclusive licensing agreement withCyanogen Inc. to base its products'Android distribution upon a variant of the popular custom ROMCyanogenMod and use its trademarks outside of China.[15][16] OnePlus would later develop a version of Android, known as OxygenOS, for use in its phones.
TheOnePlus One was introduced on 23 April 2014 as OnePlus' first smartphone. It differed from its competitors—largelyflagship devices from larger phone manufacturers, in its usage of CyanogenOS, its openness to developers, and its price-to-performance ratio in comparison to its hardware, although criticism was levied for technical issues. In order to reduce marketing costs, OnePlus relied instead onword of mouth and initially only allowed purchases via an invite system.[11] Throughout early 2014, OnePlus would continue to expand, hiring Chinese celebrity authorHan Han to help market its products in mainland China and expanding its operations to theEuropean Union in March of that year.[17][18] In December 2014, alongside the release of the OnePlus One in India exclusively throughAmazon, OnePlus also announced plans to establish a presence in the country, with plans to open 25 official walk-in service centers across India.[19]
In 2015, OnePlus began an effort to expand inSoutheast Asia, making its products available in the region for the first time, partnering withLazada Indonesia in January 2015.[20] In June 2016, OnePlus decided to pull out of the Indonesian market due to local regulations for imported 4G smartphones restricting sales of theOnePlus 2.[21]
Also in 2015, OnePlus unveiled theOnePlus X, the company's first foray into the budget device market.
In May 2018, OnePlus would release the OnePlus Bullets WirelessHeadphones. In September of that year, OnePlus announced that it would be producing a line ofsmart TVs withOnePlus TV exclusively sold in India. The initial model of the OnePlus TV line, the OnePlus TV Q1, was released in September 2019.
2020–present: Further product launches, expansion to more markets, Carl Pei's resignation
OnePlus would release a series of new products in 2020, including the OnePlus Buds and theOnePlus Nord in July, the latter being OnePlus' first budget device since the release of the OnePlus X in 2015.
On 16 October 2020, Carl Pei resigned as the marketing director of OnePlus.[22][23]
In 2021, Oppo and OnePlus would begin to build a partnership, combining their hardware research teams in January of that year.[24] In July 2021, OnePlus mergedOxygenOS, itsAndroid-based operating system used since the OnePlus X and Oppo's ColorOS. The software of both companies continues to remain separate and serve their individual regions withOxygenOS for OnePlus phones globally and ColorOS on OnePlus and Oppo devices in China but share a common codebase, which OnePlus says should standardize its software experience and streamline the development process for future OxygenOS updates.[25][26]
In May 2024, OnePlus expanded by establishing official operations in Bangladesh. The company also started assembling smartphones locally and announced that it would begin to sell its full range of products in the country.[27][28][29][30][31]
OnePlus releases three lines of smartphones: its flagship "OnePlus" line, mid-range Ace line, which is exclusive for the Chinese market, and its budget-oriented Nord line. Both lines are equipped with anAndroid-based operating system known asOxygenOS or ColorOS.
As of 2024, 27 models in the OnePlus line have been produced, 8 smartphones in the Ace line, and 18 models in the Nord line have been released. Models currently in production include:
OnePlus TV remained exclusive to India in the brand's lineup of products. They have seemingly been discontinued as the Chinese maker has removed the segment (including its India-exclusive Monitors) from its official Indian website.[33]
Early phones were only available through a system whereby customers had to sign up for an invitation, which OnePlus called aninvite, to purchase the phone at irregular intervals. The system was claimed to be necessary for the young company to manage huge demand.[34]OnePlus ended the invitation system with the launch of OnePlus 3 on 14 June 2016.[35] Announced via an interactive VR launch event, the OnePlus 3 initially went on sale within the VR app itself. OnePlus touted the event as the world's first VR shopping experience.[36] The phone was made available for sale later that day in China, North America and theEuropean Union on the OnePlus website, and in India on Amazon India.[18]
On 23 April 2014, OnePlus began its "Smash the Past"campaign.[37] The promotion asked selected participants to destroy their phones on video to purchase the OnePlus One for $1 (US). Due to confusion, several videos were published by unselected users misinterpreting the promotion and destroying their phones before the promotion start date.[38][39] OnePlus later revised the rules of its promotion by allowing consumers to donate their old phones.[40] There were 140,000 entrants in the contest with 100 winners.[40]
In May 2019, OnePlus made a deal withAvengers actorRobert Downey Jr. to endorse the OnePlus 7 Pro. Previously, Indian actorAmitabh Bachchan endorsed OnePlus in India.[43]
On 8 March 2021, OnePlus announced a $150 million deal withHasselblad to develop camera technology for OnePlus, which also included the newOnePlus 9 series phones that had improved color processing and computational photography developed in partnership with Hasselblad.[44][45]
For the launch of theOnePlus One in 2014, OnePlus hosted a contest to give invites—which were hard to come by at the time—to their female forum members. Users were asked to post a photo of themselves with the OnePlus logo; images would be shared in the forum and could be "liked" by other forum members. This received major backlash for objectifying and degrading women, resulting in the contest being pulled within hours.[46]
On 16 December 2014, theSupreme Court of India and theDelhi High Court banned the import and sale of OnePlus One phones following a lawsuit byMicromax Informatics alleging it had exclusivity for shipping phones withCyanogen OS software in India.[47]On 21 December 2014, the ban was lifted, and the device continued to be shipped with Cyanogen OS. The following year a customized version of Android, specially designed by OnePlus and namedOxygenOS was released, allowing later OnePlus devices to be sold in India.[48][49]
Throughout 2015, OnePlus received criticism for its manufacturing of itsUSB-C cables. After several weeks of customer complaints on OnePlus forums and on Reddit, Google engineerBenson Leung showed that the USB-C cable and USB-C toMicro-USB adapter offered by OnePlus at that time did not conform to the USB specification. OnePlus co-founder Carl Pei later admitted that this was true, and offered refunds (although not for cables bundled with theOnePlus 2 phone).[50][51][52]
OnePlus' customer support has been the subject of criticism. In 2017, the company increased the number of customer service staff and set up customer service and repair centers in Asia, Europe, and the United States, aiming to improve turnaround times for repairs and other issues.[53]
In July 2021, the company was accused of and then admitted to throttling app performance. The throttling was uncovered by an investigation done byAnandTech, discovering that theOnePlus 9 significantly diminished the performance ofChrome in an effort to "improve battery life".[54][55]