| Total eclipse | |||||||||||||||||
 The Moon's hourly motion shown right to left | |||||||||||||||||
| Date | October 19, 2051 | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gamma | −0.2542 | ||||||||||||||||
| Magnitude | 1.4130 | ||||||||||||||||
| Saros cycle | 137 (28 of 78) | ||||||||||||||||
| Totality | 83 minutes, 34 seconds | ||||||||||||||||
| Partiality | 204 minutes, 17 seconds | ||||||||||||||||
| Penumbral | 314 minutes, 11 seconds | ||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
A totallunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’sdescending node of orbit on Thursday, October 19, 2051,[1] with an umbralmagnitude of 1.4130. It will be acentral lunar eclipse, in which part of theMoon will pass through thecenter of theEarth's shadow. A lunar eclipse occurs when theMoon moves into theEarth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike asolar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on thenight side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon'sshadow is smaller. Occurring only about 30 minutes afterperigee (on October 19, 2051, at 18:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.[2]
This lunar eclipse is the last of atetrad, with four total lunar eclipses in series, the others being onMay 6, 2050;October 30, 2050; andApril 26, 2051.
This will be the first central eclipse ofSaros series 137. Less than a day from perigee, the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger, and be considered asupermoon.
The eclipse will be completely visible overeast Africa and much ofEurope andAsia, seen rising over easternSouth America andwest Africa and setting overAustralia and the westernPacific Ocean.[3]
 |
Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Penumbral Magnitude | 2.37193 |
| Umbral Magnitude | 1.41297 |
| Gamma | −0.25423 |
| Sun Right Ascension | 13h37m47.1s |
| Sun Declination | -10°10'03.3" |
| Sun Semi-Diameter | 16'03.4" |
| Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 08.8" |
| Moon Right Ascension | 01h38m04.1s |
| Moon Declination | +09°55'00.4" |
| Moon Semi-Diameter | 16'44.6" |
| Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax | 1°01'27.1" |
| ΔT | 86.3 s |
This eclipse is part of aneclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by afortnight.
| October 4 Ascending node (new moon) | October 19 Descending node (full moon) |
|---|---|
 | |
| Partial solar eclipse Solar Saros 125 | Total lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 137 |
This eclipse is a member of asemester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternatingnodes of the Moon's orbit.[5]
The penumbral lunar eclipse onJune 15, 2049 occurs in the previous lunar year eclipse set.
| Lunar eclipse series sets from 2049 to 2052 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ascending node | Descending node | |||||||
| Saros | Date Viewing | Type Chart | Gamma | Saros | Date Viewing | Type Chart | Gamma | |
| 112 | 2049 May 17 | Penumbral | −1.1337 | 117 | 2049 Nov 09 | Penumbral | 1.1964 | |
| 122 | 2050 May 06 | Total | −0.4181 | 127 | 2050 Oct 30 | Total | 0.4435 | |
| 132 | 2051 Apr 26 | Total | 0.3371 | 137 | 2051 Oct 19 | Total | −0.2542 | |
| 142 | 2052 Apr 14 | Penumbral | 1.0628 | 147 | 2052 Oct 08 | Partial | −0.9726 | |
This eclipse is a part ofSaros series 137, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 78 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on December 17, 1564. It contains partial eclipses from June 10, 1835 throughAugust 26, 1961; total eclipses fromSeptember 6, 1979 through June 28, 2466; and a second set of partial eclipses from July 9, 2484 through September 12, 2592. The series ends at member 78 as a penumbral eclipse on April 20, 2953.
The longest duration of totality will be produced by member 44 at 99 minutes, 53 seconds on April 13, 2340. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’sdescending node of orbit.[6]
| Greatest | First | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The greatest eclipse of the series will occur on2340 Apr 13, lasting 99 minutes, 53 seconds.[7] | Penumbral | Partial | Total | Central |
| 1564 Dec 17 | 1835 Jun 10 | 1979 Sep 06 | 2051 Oct 19 | |
| Last | ||||
| Central | Total | Partial | Penumbral | |
| 2412 May 26 | 2466 Jun 28 | 2592 Sep 12 | 2953 Apr 20 | |
Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is oneexeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.
| Series members 15–36 occur between 1801 and 2200: | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 | 16 | 17 | |||
| 1817 May 30 | 1835 Jun 10 | 1853 Jun 21 | |||
| 18 | 19 | 20 | |||
| 1871 Jul 02 | 1889 Jul 12 | 1907 Jul 25 | |||
 |  | ||||
| 21 | 22 | 23 | |||
| 1925 Aug 04 | 1943 Aug 15 | 1961 Aug 26 | |||
 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 24 | 25 | 26 | |||
| 1979 Sep 06 | 1997 Sep 16 | 2015 Sep 28 | |||
|  |  |  |  |  |
| 27 | 28 | 29 | |||
| 2033 Oct 08 | 2051 Oct 19 | 2069 Oct 30 | |||
 |  | | |  |  |
| 30 | 31 | 32 | |||
| 2087 Nov 10 | 2105 Nov 21 | 2123 Dec 03 | |||
 |  | ||||
| 33 | 34 | 35 | |||
| 2141 Dec 13 | 2159 Dec 24 | 2178 Jan 04 | |||
| 36 | |||||
| 2196 Jan 15 | |||||
This eclipse is a part of atritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with theanomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1811 Sep 02 (Saros 115) | 1822 Aug 03 (Saros 116) | 1833 Jul 02 (Saros 117) | 1844 May 31 (Saros 118) | 1855 May 02 (Saros 119) | |||||
| 1866 Mar 31 (Saros 120) | 1877 Feb 27 (Saros 121) | 1888 Jan 28 (Saros 122) | 1898 Dec 27 (Saros 123) | 1909 Nov 27 (Saros 124) | |||||
 |  | ||||||||
| 1920 Oct 27 (Saros 125) | 1931 Sep 26 (Saros 126) | 1942 Aug 26 (Saros 127) | 1953 Jul 26 (Saros 128) | 1964 Jun 25 (Saros 129) | |||||
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1975 May 25 (Saros 130) | 1986 Apr 24 (Saros 131) | 1997 Mar 24 (Saros 132) | 2008 Feb 21 (Saros 133) | 2019 Jan 21 (Saros 134) | |||||
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2029 Dec 20 (Saros 135) | 2040 Nov 18 (Saros 136) | 2051 Oct 19 (Saros 137) | 2062 Sep 18 (Saros 138) | 2073 Aug 17 (Saros 139) | |||||
 |  |  |  | | | ||||
| 2084 Jul 17 (Saros 140) | 2095 Jun 17 (Saros 141) | 2106 May 17 (Saros 142) | 2117 Apr 16 (Saros 143) | 2128 Mar 16 (Saros 144) | |||||
| 2139 Feb 13 (Saros 145) | 2150 Jan 13 (Saros 146) | 2160 Dec 13 (Saros 147) | 2171 Nov 12 (Saros 148) | 2182 Oct 11 (Saros 149) | |||||
| 2193 Sep 11 (Saros 150) | |||||||||
This eclipse is a part of the long periodinex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with theanomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2200 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1820 Mar 29 (Saros 129) | 1849 Mar 09 (Saros 130) | 1878 Feb 17 (Saros 131) | |||
| 1907 Jan 29 (Saros 132) | 1936 Jan 08 (Saros 133) | 1964 Dec 19 (Saros 134) | |||
 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1993 Nov 29 (Saros 135) | 2022 Nov 08 (Saros 136) | 2051 Oct 19 (Saros 137) | |||
 |  |  |  | | |
| 2080 Sep 29 (Saros 138) | 2109 Sep 09 (Saros 139) | 2138 Aug 20 (Saros 140) | |||
| 2167 Aug 01 (Saros 141) | 2196 Jul 10 (Saros 142) | ||||
A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (ahalf saros).[8] This lunar eclipse is related to two total solar eclipses ofSolar Saros 144.
| October 14, 2042 | October 24, 2060 |
|---|---|
 |  |
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