| Penumbral eclipse | |||||||||
 The Moon's hourly motion shown right to left | |||||||||
| Date | October 28, 2042 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gamma | 1.557 | ||||||||
| Magnitude | −0.974 | ||||||||
| Saros cycle | 156 (− of 81) | ||||||||
| Penumbral | 2 minutes, 0 seconds | ||||||||
| |||||||||
A penumbrallunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’sascending node of orbit on Tuesday, October 28, 2042.[1] with an umbralmagnitude of −0.974. A lunar eclipse occurs when theMoon moves into theEarth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike asolar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on thenight side of Earth. Occurring only about 12 hours beforeperigee (on October 28, 2042, at 7:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.[2]
This event marks the beginning oflunar saros cycle 156 according to some sources, and will be visually imperceptible to the naked eye. Many other sources denote this eclipse as a miss.[3]
According to some sources, it will be the last of 5metonic cycle eclipses occurring every 19 years on October 28, while the other sources calculate theMoon will miss the shadow.
The eclipse will be completely visible over much ofAfrica,Europe,Asia, and westernAustralia.
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This eclipse is part of aneclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by afortnight. The first and last eclipse in this sequence is separated by onesynodic month.
| September 29 Ascending node (full moon) | October 14 Descending node (new moon) | October 28 Ascending node (full moon) |
|---|---|---|
 |  | |
| Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 118 | Annular solar eclipse Solar Saros 144 | Penumbral lunar eclipse Lunar Saros 156 |
This eclipse is a member of asemester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternatingnodes of the Moon's orbit.[4]
The penumbral lunar eclipses onJanuary 21, 2038 andJuly 16, 2038 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set, and the penumbral lunar eclipses onApril 5, 2042 andSeptember 29, 2042 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.
| Lunar eclipse series sets from 2038 to 2042 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Descending node | Ascending node | |||||||
| Saros | Date Viewing | Type Chart | Gamma | Saros | Date Viewing | Type Chart | Gamma | |
| 111 | 2038 Jun 17 | Penumbral | 1.3082 | 116 | 2038 Dec 11 | Penumbral | −1.1448 | |
| 121 | 2039 Jun 06 | Partial | 0.5460 | 126 | 2039 Nov 30 | Partial | −0.4721 | |
| 131 | 2040 May 26 | Total | −0.1872 | 136 | 2040 Nov 18 | Total | 0.2361 | |
| 141 | 2041 May 16 | Partial | −0.9746 | 146 | 2041 Nov 08 | Partial | 0.9212 | |
| 156 | 2042 Oct 28 | Penumbral | − | |||||
Themetonic cycle repeats nearly exactly every 19 years and represents aSaros cycle plus one lunar year. Because it occurs on the same calendar date, the Earth's shadow will in nearly the same location relative to the background stars.
| Metonic events: May 4 and October 28 | |
|---|---|
| Descending node | Ascending node |
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This eclipse is a part of atritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with theanomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.
| Series members between 1801 and 2042 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1802 Sep 11 (Saros 134) | 1813 Aug 12 (Saros 135) | 1824 Jul 11 (Saros 136) | 1835 Jun 10 (Saros 137) | 1846 May 11 (Saros 138) | |||||
| 1857 Apr 09 (Saros 139) | 1868 Mar 08 (Saros 140) | 1879 Feb 07 (Saros 141) | 1890 Jan 06 (Saros 142) | 1900 Dec 06 (Saros 143) | |||||
| 1911 Nov 06 (Saros 144) | 1922 Oct 06 (Saros 145) | 1933 Sep 04 (Saros 146) | 1944 Aug 04 (Saros 147) | ||||||
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| 2042 Oct 28 (Saros 156) | |||||||||
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