Alice French | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | (1850-03-19)March 19, 1850 Andover, Massachusetts |
| Died | January 9, 1934(1934-01-09) (aged 83) Davenport, Iowa |
| Resting place | Oakdale Memorial Gardens |
| Pen name | Octave Thanet |
| Occupation | Writer |
| Nationality | American |
| Notable works | Expiation |
| Relatives | Marcus Morton (grandfather) |
| Signature | |
 | |
Alice French (March 19, 1850 – January 9, 1934), better known asOctave Thanet, was an Americannovelist and short fiction writer.
Alice French was born atAndover, Massachusetts, a daughter of George Henry French, a successful leather merchant, and his wife Frances Morton.[1] Frances Morton French was the daughter ofMassachusetts GovernorMarcus Morton.[2] Alice had four brothers: George, Morton, Nathaniel, and Robert.
In 1856 the French family moved to Davenport, Iowa, where the father engaged in manufacturing agricultural implements. Alice progressed through the public schools, then studied atVassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York. She later transferred toAbbot Academy in Andover, graduating in 1868, and returning to Davenport.[3]
By 1890, she had been settled in her comfortable lifelong lesbian partnership with a widowed friend, Jane Allen Crawford (1851-1932), for close to a decade, dividing their year between their home in Davenport, Iowa, and their plantation in Arkansas. The two women shared their lives, except for Jane's four-year marriage and then her European tour. Their home in Iowa, theAlice French House, has been on the National Register of Historic Places since 1983. For fifteen years, the home they shared in Arkansas known asThanford, was also on the National Register (until its destruction by fire).
Critics and editors acclaimed Octave Thanet. She was financially successful as a writer, though her investments in banks and railroads provided most of her income. In the 1890s, French published ten books. Between 1896 and 1900, fifty of her stories were published, and four different publishers collected five volumes for reprinting.
In 1909, French and Crawford gave up their Thanford house, after which French traveled widely in the United States, speaking for the conservative causes she embraced, adding to them her opposition to woman suffrage. She regularly attended the reunions of theDaughters of the American Revolution in Washington, D.C.
Her point of view remained fixed in the era of her youth. After the first year of the twentieth century, she lost touch with literary and social developments in the United States. She developeddiabetes, and complications from the disease caused the loss of one leg and most of her eyesight.[4] She died on January 9, 1934, in Davenport.[5] She is buried alongside Jane Allen Crawford in Davenport'sOakdale Memorial Gardens
French began her literary career with a sentimental story,Hugo's Waiting, printed in the Davenport Gazette in 1871. She then worked onCommunists and Capitalists, A Sketch from Life, inspired by a railroad workers' strike. The piece was published in October 1878 inLippincott's Monthly Magazine, which paid her forty-two dollars, the first money she earned from writing. At that point, French took the pseudonym “Octave Thanet.” She later claimed that she chose “Octave” because it was gender-neutral, and that she had seen the word “Thanet” written on a freight car in the Davenport yards. She published stories and essays in such national periodicals as the Atlantic Monthly, Harper’s, Scribner’s Magazine, and Century Magazine. These were often republished in book-length collections. She also published several novels and a work about photography.
Her first works contained a social and economic bent, such asSchopenhauer on Lake Pepin: A Study, but she soon turned to short stories.Iowa andArkansas gave her opportunities for exploiting regions hitherto little attempted infiction. Her storiesThe Bishop's Vagabond,The Hay of the Cyclone, andWhitsun Harp, Regulator were popular. These initially appeared in theAtlantic Monthly andScribner's Magazine. Later they appeared in her books.[3] Her novelExpiation (1890), won high praise. She prided herself on accurately depicting the physical setting of her stories, and limning the customs and dialect of her characters.
French also drew on her travel experiences. The “Schopenhauer” piece arose from a trip to the upper Mississippi Valley. Following a three-month coach tour of Great Britain with industrialistAndrew Carnegie, she publishedA Day in an English Town andThrough Great Britain in a Drag in Lippincott’s.
The Alice French House in Arkansas (Thanford) was the center of the area's literary and artistic life, with frequent galas and dinner parties hosting the literati and prominent citizens. French also exercised other talents at Thanford; she had a woodworking shop, where she built shelves and simple furniture, and a darkroom, where she developed and printed photographs with chemicals she mixed herself, an experience that she described and illustrated inAn Adventure in Photography, which was first published by Scribner’s in 1893.
Two of Alice French's houses have been listed on theNational Register of Historic Places:
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Academics | |
| Artists | |
| Other | |
