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Obernai | |
|---|---|
 Place du marché | |
 Coat of arms | |
Location of Obernai  | |
  Obernai  Obernai | |
| Coordinates:48°28′N7°29′E / 48.46°N 7.48°E /48.46; 7.48 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Grand Est |
| Department | Bas-Rhin |
| Arrondissement | Sélestat-Erstein |
| Canton | Obernai |
| Government | |
| • Mayor(2020–2026) | Guillaume Rocaud[1] |
Area 1 | 25.78 km2 (9.95 sq mi) |
| Population (2022)[2] | 12,303 |
| • Density | 480/km2 (1,200/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 67348 /67210 |
| Elevation | 156–572 m (512–1,877 ft) (avg. 185 m or 607 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Imperial City of Obernai | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ca 1283–1648 | |||||||||
Coat of arms | |||||||||
| Status | Free Imperial City of theHoly Roman Empire | ||||||||
| Capital | Obernai | ||||||||
| Government | Republic | ||||||||
| Historical era | Middle Ages | ||||||||
• Founded | 778 | ||||||||
• Gainedtown rights | 1240 the 13th century | ||||||||
• GainedReichsfreiheit | ca 1283 | ||||||||
• JoinedDécapole | 1354 | ||||||||
• LostReichsfreiheit | 1648 | ||||||||
• Annexed byFrance | 1679 | ||||||||
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Obernai (Alsatian:Owernah;German:Oberehnheim) iscommune in theBas-Rhindepartment inAlsace in north-easternFrance. It lies on the eastern slopes of theVosges mountains.
Obernai is a rapidly growing city, its number of inhabitants having gone up from 6,304 in 1968 to 11,279 in 2017.[3]
Aneolithicnecropole has been uncovered[4] dating between 5,000 and 4,600 BC; 27 individuals were buried there in wooden coffins. This appears to be a continuation of groups from theLinear Pottery culture who were located also on the eastern side of theRhine.[5]
The Obernai region, which was the property of the dukes ofAlsace in the 7th century, is the birthplace ofSt. Odile, daughter of the Duke, who would become the Patron Saint of Alsace.
The Obernai name first appears in 1240, when the village acquires the status of town under the tutelage of the Hohenstaufen family. The town then prospered. It became a member of theDécapole in 1354, an alliance of ten towns of the Holy Roman Empire in Alsace. Obernai's status reaches its apex in the 15th and 16th century. In 1562, EmperorFerdinand I visited the prosperous town of Obernai.
TheThirty Years' War (1618–48) damaged the town, which was occupied by the Imperial troops, then by the Swedes. The town was ransomed and ceded to France in 1679, and started to recover some of its prosperity, without totally recapturing its former glory.
The town was annexed by Germany in 1871 with the rest of Alsace, then returned to France after World War I in 1918. During the German occupation in the Second World War, the Nazi authorities set up theReichsschule für SS Helferinnen Oberenheim, aWaffen-SS women's training centre, which opened in May 1942 upon the order of Heinrich Himmler.[6]
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| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 6,304 | — |
| 1975 | 7,902 | +3.28% |
| 1982 | 8,907 | +1.73% |
| 1990 | 9,610 | +0.95% |
| 1999 | 10,471 | +0.96% |
| 2007 | 10,947 | +0.56% |
| 2012 | 10,822 | −0.23% |
| 2017 | 11,279 | +0.83% |
| Source: INSEE[3] | ||
Obernai is an important center of wine and beer production, as well as a touristic destination.The industrial activity features the following companies: Hager,Kronenbourg, Triumph, Sobovia, Supra and Stoeffler. The historical wine of the city is called the Vin du Pistolet in reference to a local legend.
During the mid-1800s, Obernai was home to aMarianist primary school.[7]
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1 Part of theThree Bishoprics. 2Nomeny after 1737. 3 withoutReichstag seat. 4 until 1736. 5 JoinedSwiss Confederacy in 1515. Circles est. 1500:Bavarian,Swabian,Upper Rhenish,Lower Rhenish–Westphalian,Franconian,(Lower) Saxon Circles est. 1512:Austrian,Burgundian,Upper Saxon,Electoral Rhenish · Unencircled territories | |||||
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