| OKO | |
|---|---|
ОКО | |
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 Interactive map of OKO | |
| General information | |
| Status | Completed |
| Type | Mixed-use |
| Architectural style | Postmodernism |
| Location | Moscow International Business Center Moscow, Russia |
| Coordinates | 55°44′58.48″N37°32′3.69″E / 55.7495778°N 37.5343583°E /55.7495778; 37.5343583 |
| Construction started | 2011 |
| Completed | 2015 (North and South Tower) 2017 (Parking) |
| Cost | US$1-1.2 billion[1] |
| Owner | Capital Group[2] |
| Height | |
| Roof | 354.1 m (South Tower) 245 m (North Tower) 44 m (Parking) |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 85 (South Tower) 49 (North Tower) 12 (Parking) |
| Floor area | 249,600 m2 (2,687,000 sq ft) |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect | Skidmore, Owings and Merrill |
| Developer | Capital Group |
| Structural engineer | Skidmore, Owings and Merrill |
OKO (Russian:ОКО, obsolete Russian word foreye, also an abbreviation for Ob'yedinonnyye Kristallom Osnovaniya (Russian:Oбъединённые Кристаллом Oснования, literal meaningFoundations Bound by a Crystal)) is a complex of twoskyscrapers located on plot 16 in theMoscow International Business Center (MIBC) inMoscow,Russia. Occupying a total area of about 250,000 square metres (2,700,000 sq ft), themixed-use complex housesapartments,office space, a 5-star hotel, and other commodities.[3][4][5][6]
The two skyscrapers, North Tower and South Tower, are among thetallest skyscrapers in Russia, with the latter being the taller of the two. Rising 354.1 m (1,162 ft), the 85-story South Tower, also known as the OKO Apartment Tower or 16a IBC Tower 1, was the tallest building in Russia andEurope when constructed, until it was surpassed byFederation Tower a few months later. The 49-story North Tower, also known as the OKO Office Tower or 16a IBC Tower 2, is 245 m (804 ft) tall and the 11th tallest building in Russia. The complex also has a large car park, rising 12 stories with a height of 44 m (144 ft).[3][4][5][6][7][8]
Construction of the OKO complex started in 2011.[3][4][5][6][7][8]
In the summer of 2014, the South Tower of the OKO complex surpassed the height of the neighboringMercury City Tower (also in the MIBC) as thetallest building in Russia andEurope, only to be surpassed by the neighboring Vostok/East Tower of theFederation Towers (also in the MIBC) in November 2014, only a few months later. It was also during this period the OKO was the tallest building made ofreinforced concrete.[9]
On 28 November 2015, the OKO complex was completed and put into operation.[10]
On 27 July 2016, theGovernment of Moscow purchased from the owner of OKO, Capital Group, 55,000 m2 of space in one of the towers of the OKO complex at a cost estimated at 14.3 billion rubles.[11][12][13]
On 16 December 2016, the tallestskating rink in Europe opened on the roof of the South Tower of the OKO complex at a height of 354 m (1,161 ft).[14][15]
On 30 July 2023, a drone explosion damaged the OKO-2 andIQ-quarter buildings and broke multiple windows, injuring 1.[16]
The facades of the complex are connected with diagonal folds and are linked by a faceted base, giving a noticeable shard effect that defines the towers' appearance. In addition, the towers' canted folds allow each other to recede from one another as they rise. The complex forms an L-shaped composition at the ground plane that is pulled to perimeter of the site. This placement and the facade folds both allow the building to lean over the nearbyThird Ring Road. A landscaped plaza sits at the base of the buildings and creates a sheltered, private garden that guides occupants to separate lobbies, in addition to give public space to pedestrians to rest. The building’s all-glass facade offers several features that benefit its occupants. Ventilated mullions can be opened manually to allow natural air flow into the interior. These mullions also help to mitigate stack effect. These features also allow the complex to give out a dynamic and shifting exterior.[8]
In addition, the 28th and 49th floors of the North Tower and the 7th, 27th, 46th, 65th and 83rd floors of the South Tower haveentresol, so it can be counted 51 and 90 floors in those buildings accordingly.[6]
The South Tower is used as aresidential building and ahotel. The building also has a skating rink on its roof, the tallest inEurope at a height of 354 m (1,161 ft). The North Tower is used as an office. The complex also has arestaurant and afitness center.[3][4][5][6][14][15]
| Records | ||
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| Preceded by | Europe’s tallest building 2014 | Succeeded by Federation Tower (East Tower) |
| Russia’s tallest building 2014 | ||
| Tallest building in Moscow 2014 | ||
| Completed |
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| Under construction |
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