Nzulezo is a village located near the village ofBeyin, 90 kilometers west ofTakoradi, in theJomoro District in theWestern Region ofGhana.[1] Nzuleso can also be spelt as "Nzulezu". Over 500 people live in the community.[2]
Nzulezu overlooks Lake Tadane, and is entirely made up ofstilts and platforms. In 2000, it was nominated as aUNESCOWorld Heritage Site, and is a major tourist attraction area.[1] The site is increasingly a source of tourism, with tourist coming to experience the village as well as a local alcohol produced in the village.[2]
The name "Nzulezo" in theNzema language means "water surface", and is a village on stilts of "Ewuture" origin situated close to the northwest shore.[3][4] The "Ewuture" maintained the waterways and transportation of goods and people.[3] According to local legend, the village was built by a group of people fromOualata, a city in the ancientGhana Empire and in present-dayMauritania, which came about from following asnail. The snail is therefore a totem and revered by the people of Nzulezo.[5]
Nzulezu was built over Lake Tadane. The settlement of Nzulezo consists of stilt-supported structures.[1]
The reason Nzulezo was built over water was for protection and safety during attacks in times of war since it lies five miles inland of the Southwest shores.[3]
The main activities of its inhabitants isagriculture, whilefishery plays a secondary role. The lake is perceived by the local population to protect against certain risks (e.g. a fire).[1] The village did have some of the houses partially submerged from a flood in 2009.[6]
The village has a limited number of nurses and health care capacity.[2]
There is a primary school and after primary school learners have to leave the village to go for secondary schools and universities.[7] However, as of 2019 there were a shortage of teachers for the community.[2]
This site was added to theUNESCOWorld Heritage Tentative List on January 17, 2000, in the Cultural category.[1]
The village was nominated to become a World Heritage Site for its importance in anthropology: in addition to being one of the few ancientsettlements onstilts and platforms left in the world, there is a preserved wealth of local traditions connected with the cult of the lake.[1] Lake Tadane occurs on the banks of all religious rites, and Thursday, is a day sacred to the lake, and it is forbidden to use and work on the lake for any activity throughout the day of Thursday.[1]
In recent times the village has been opened totourism,[8] but with certain constraints (visitations are allowed only once a week).[1] The village can be reached only bycanoe; the 5 km journey, which crosses therain forest, takes about an hour. In the village there is achurch and aschool. As the village is extremely isolated, Nzulezo suffers from numerous health problems, including the vast spread ofmalaria.[1]
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