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Nyâlayu language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Austronesian language spoken in New Caledonia
Nyelâyu
Pronunciation[jãlɑjʊ]
Native toNew Caledonia
Native speakers
2,000 (2009 census)[1]
Dialects
  • Tiari-Balade
  • Belep
  • Arama
Language codes
ISO 639-3yly
Glottolognyal1254  Nyalayu/Belep
bala1316  Balade
ELPBelep
Nyâlayu is not endangered according to the classification system of theUNESCOAtlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Nyelâyu (Yâlayu), also known as Nyalâyu, is aKanak language of northernNew Caledonia, spoken by approximately 2,000 speakers. There are two dialects that are not mutually intelligible. Pooc (or Haat) is spoken in the Belep islands, which are located just north ofGrande Terre. Puma (or Paak or Ovac) is spoken in the northernmost regions of New Caledonia in the areas aroundPoum in the west andPouébo andBalade in the east.

Phonology

[edit]

Consonants

[edit]
LabiovelarBilabialAlveolarPalatalVelarGlottal
Stopsplainptck
aspiratedpʰʷ
prenasalizedᵐbʷᵐbⁿdᶮɟᵑg
Nasalsplainmnɲŋ
aspiratedmʰʷɲʰ
Fricativesβɣ (x)h
Semivowelsplainwj
aspirated
Trillr
Lateralsll᷉

Voiceless stops, nasals, and approximants exhibit a contrast of aspiration exhibited in the following examples.

  • pe [pe] "ray fish" ||phe [pʰe] "sharpening stone"
  • teec [teec] "scorching" ||theec [tʰeec] "washed up"
  • nu [nu] "coconut palm" ||nhu [nʰu] "hot"

Aspirated consonants are very subtly marked. Aspiration seems to be a prosodic trait that affects the overall realization of the syllable by lowering the register of the voice.[2]

Vowels

[edit]
Oral Vowels
FrontCentralBack
Highi (y)u
Mide (ø)o
Opena
Nasal Vowels
FrontCentralBack
Highĩĩːũũː
Midẽːõõː
Openããː

The vowels /y/ and /ø/ are in parentheses, because they are very rare and appear only in a few words.[2]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Nyelâyu atEthnologue (18th ed., 2015)(subscription required)
  2. ^abOzanne-Rivierre (1998).

References

[edit]
  • Ozanne-Rivierre, Françoise (1998).Le Nyelâyu de Balade (Nouvelle-Calédonie). Paris: Peeters Press.
  • McCracken, Chelsea (2013).A grammar of Belep (Doctor of Philosophy thesis). Rice University.hdl:1911/71287.
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