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Anosegay,posy, ortussie-mussie is a smallflower bouquet. They have existed in some form since at leastmedieval times, when they were carried or worn around the head or bodice.[1]Doilies are traditionally used to bind the stems in these arrangements. Alternatively, "posy holders", available in a variety of shapes and materials (although often silver), enable the wearing of these arrangements "at the waist, in the hair, or secured with a brooch".[2]
The termnosegay arose in fifteenth centuryMiddle English as a combination ofnose andgay (the latter then meaning "ornament"). Anosegay is, thus, an ornament that appeals to the nose or nostril.[3][4]
The termtussie-mussie (alsotussy-mussy) comes from the reign ofQueen Victoria (1837–1901), when the small bouquets became a popularfashion accessory. Typically, tussie-mussies include floral symbolism from thelanguage of flowers and therefore may be used to send a message to the recipient.[5] In modern times, the term specifically refers to small bouquets in a conical metal holder, or the holder itself, particularly when used at awhite wedding.[6][7]
In the 18th century and earlier, tussie-mussies were often carried to ward off foul odors, or miasmas, as it was believed that the pleasant scents of flowers and herbs promoted well-being.[8] Plants like lavender, rosemary, thyme, and sage were used during the plague for their disinfecting properties, as well as their strong aromas.[9][10] Bouquets were often made from paper napkins or special small silver holders, but in the modern version, ribbon is used instead. Over time, tussie-mussies became more of a fashion accessory than a health necessity and might have disappeared entirely if not for a small book by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu.[11] Her book narrated a secret code in which flowers were used to convey messages in the Turkish harem.[12][13] The intrigue of receiving secret messages this way became a popular pastime.
