Although part of theUnited Kingdom, Northern Ireland has always had a representative side that plays in major professional tournaments – whether alongside the rest of Ireland pre-1922 or as its own entity – though not in the Olympic Games, as theInternational Olympic Committee (IOC) has always recognised United Kingdom representative sides, and currently Northern Irish athletes compete for eitherGreat Britain orIreland.
Northern Ireland has competed in threeFIFA World Cups, reaching the quarter-final stage in the1958 and1982 tournaments. Northern Ireland held the accolade of being the smallest nation to qualify for a World Cup Finals from their first appearance in 1958 until 2006, whenTrinidad and Tobago qualified for the2006 World Cup. AtUEFA Euro 2016, the team made its first appearance at the European tournament and reached the round of 16. Northern Ireland last qualified for the World Cup in1986.
On 18 February 1882, 15 months after the founding of the Irish FA, Ireland made their international debut againstEngland, losing 13–0 in a friendly played at Bloomfield inBelfast. This remains the record defeat for the team, and also England's largest winning margin. On 25 February 1882, Ireland played their second international, againstWales at theRacecourse Ground, Wrexham, and an equaliser from Johnston became Ireland's first ever goal.
In 1884, Ireland competed in the inauguralBritish Home Championship and lost all three games. Ireland did not win their first game until 19 February 1887, a 4–1 win over Wales in Belfast. Between their debut and this game, they had a run of 14 defeats and 1 draw, the longest run without a win in the 1800s. Despite the end of this run, heavy defeats continued. On 3 March 1888, they lost 11–0 to Wales and three weeks later, on 24 March, lost 10–2 toScotland. Further heavy defeats came on 15 March 1890 when they lost 9–1 to England, on 18 February 1899 when they lost 13–2 to England and on 2 February 1901 when they lost 11–0 to Scotland.
In 1899, the Irish FA also changed its rules governing the selection of non-resident players. Before then the Ireland team selected its players exclusively from the Irish League, in particular the three Belfast-based clubsLinfield,Cliftonville andDistillery. On 4 March 1899, for the match against Wales, McAteer included four Irish players based in England. The change in policy produced dividends as Ireland won 1–0. Three weeks later, on 25 March, one of these four players,Archie Goodall, aged 34 years and 279 days, became the oldest player to score in international football during the 19th century when he scored Ireland's goal in a 9–1 defeat to Scotland.
In 1920,Ireland was partitioned intoNorthern Ireland andSouthern Ireland. In 1922, Southern Ireland gained independence as theIrish Free State, later to become a republic under the name ofIreland. Amid these political upheavals, a rival football association, theFootball Association of Ireland, emerged inDublin in 1921 and organised a separate league and international team. In 1923, at a time when the home nations had withdrawn fromFIFA, the FAI was recognised by FIFA as the governing body of the Irish Free State on the condition that it changed its name to the Football Association of the Irish Free State. The Irish FA continued to organise its national team on an all-Ireland basis.
Between 1928 and 1946, the IFA were not affiliated to FIFA and the two Ireland teams co-existed, never competing in the same competition. On 8 March 1950, however, in a 0–0 draw with Wales at the Racecourse Ground in aFIFA World Cupqualifier, the IFA fielded a team that included four players who were born in the Irish Free State. All four players had previously played for the FAI in their qualifiers and as a result had played for two different associations in thesame FIFA World Cup tournament.
After complaints from the FAI, FIFA intervened and restricted players' eligibility based on the political border. In 1953 FIFA ruled neither team could be referred to as Ireland, decreeing that the FAI team be officially designated as the Republic of Ireland, while the IFA team was to become Northern Ireland.
Until the 1950s, the major competition for Northern Ireland/Ireland was theBritish Home Championship. The team won the competition eight times, taking the title outright on three occasions. They were the last winners of the now defunct competition held in1984, and hence still are the British champions, and the trophy remains the property of the Irish FA.[7]
Northern Ireland's best World Cup performance was in their first appearance in the finals, the1958 World Cup, where they reached the quarter-finals after beatingCzechoslovakia 2–1 in the play-off. They were knocked out byFrance, losing 4–0. In the 1958 competition, Northern Ireland became the least populous country to have qualified for the World Cup, a record that stood untilTrinidad and Tobago qualified for the2006 World Cup. Northern Ireland remains, however, the least populous country to have qualified for more than one World Cup finals tournament, to win a World Cup finals match, and to have progressed from the first round of the World Cup finals.
Captain of the national side at the 1958 World Cup wasDanny Blanchflower, who also captainedTottenham Hotspur in the English league and was twicefootballer of the year in England. His younger brotherJackie was also a key member of the national team, and won two league titles in England withManchester United, until his career was ended by injuries suffered in theMunich air disaster of February 1958.
Despite the presence of world class forwardGeorge Best, another Manchester United player, for the 1960s and 1970s, Northern Ireland failed to qualify for any major tournaments.
Northern Ireland qualified for the1982 World Cup. Their opening game was againstYugoslavia atLa Romareda stadium inZaragoza. It was the international debut of 17-year-oldNorman Whiteside, who became the youngest player ever in the World Cup finals, a record that still stands. The game finished goalless. Five days later, they drew 1–1 withHonduras, which was a disappointment, and many believed had doomed Northern Ireland's chances of advancing in the competition.[8] They needed a win against hostsSpain in the third and final group game at theMestalla Stadium inValencia. They faced a partisan atmosphere with a mostly Spanish crowd and aSpanish-speaking referee inHéctor Ortiz who — according to Whiteside — was unwilling to punish dirty play from the Spanish players.[9] A mistake from Spain goalkeeperLuis Arconada, however, giftedGerry Armstrong the only goal of the game, and despite havingMal Donaghy sent off on 60 minutes, Northern Ireland went on to record a historic 1–0 win and top the first stage group.
A 2–2 draw withAustria at theVicente Calderón Stadium meant that a win against France would take them into the semi-finals, however, a French team inspired byMichel Platini won 4–1 and eliminated Northern Ireland from the competition.
They alsoqualified for the1986 World Cup where they went out in theGroup stages, drawingAlgeria and losing to Spain andBrazil.[10]Billy Bingham, a member of the 1958 squad, was manager for both of these tournaments. They have not qualified for any other World Cups since.
The Our Wee Country mural in east Belfast commemorating Northern Ireland beating England at home in 2005.
Lawrie Sanchez was appointed in January 2004 after a run of 13 games without a goal under the previous managerSammy McIlroy, which was a European record for any international team untilSan Marino went over 20 games without scoring between October 2008 and August 2012. That run ended after his first game in charge, a 1–4 loss toNorway in a friendly in February 2004. The run of 16 games without a win ended after his second game, a 1–0 victory in a friendly overEstonia, with a largely experimental side, in March 2004.
On 7 September 2005, Northern Ireland beat England 1–0 in a 2006 World Cupqualifier atWindsor Park.David Healy scored the winner in the 73rd minute. Almost a year later, on 6 September 2006, Northern Ireland defeated Spain 3–2 in aqualifier forUEFA Euro 2008, with Healy scoring a hat-trick. In June 2007,Nigel Worthington was named manager in the place of Lawrie Sanchez, who took over atFulham. Initially, Worthington took over until the end of the Euro 2008 qualifiers, but was later given a contract until the end of theEuro 2012 qualifiers.Michael O'Neill became manager in February 2012 after Worthington had resigned in October 2011 after a poor Euro 2012 qualification campaign.
The Northern Ireland teamqualified for its first ever UEFA European Championship,Euro 2016 in France after 30 years without qualifying for a major tournament, after beatingGreece 3–1 at Windsor Park on 8 October 2015.[11] At the tournament, Northern Ireland were beaten 1–0 byPoland on 20 June 2016 followed by a 2–0 win againstUkraine on 16 June 2016 and finally a 1–0 loss againstGermany in the group stage. That was enough to qualify for a Round of 16 spot where they lost 1–0 toWales due to an unfortunate own goal by Gareth McAuley.[12]
Windsor Park before the 2015 redevelopment – a view from the Kop Stand, showing the two-tiered North Stand and the low Railway stand behind the opposite goal
Northern Ireland play their home matches at the Clearer Twist National Stadium at Windsor Park,Belfast, home ofLinfield, which they have use of on a 108-year lease, giving the owners 15% of revenue, including gate receipts and TV rights.[13]
There was a proposal to build a multisports stadium for Northern Ireland at the disusedMaze prison outsideLisburn for the use ofRugby,Gaelic games and football.[14] This plan was given an "in principle" go-ahead by the Irish Football Association. However, it was opposed by fans, over 85% of whom in a match day poll conducted by the Amalgamation of Northern Ireland Supporters' Clubs ("AONISC") preferred to stay at a smaller new or redeveloped ground in the city of Belfast.[15] The AONISC organised a protest against the move to the Maze at the game againstEstonia in March 2006.
The issue assumed ever greater urgency by 2007, following a series of inspections which questioned the suitability of Windsor Park to host international football.[16] Following a reduction of capacity due to the closure of the Railway Stand, the IFA made it known that they wished to terminate their contract for the use of the stadium.[17] A report on health and safety in October 2007 indicated that the South Stand might have to be closed for internationals, which would further reduce the stadium's capacity to 9,000.[18]In April 2008, Belfast City Council announced that they had commissioned Drivers Jonas to conduct a feasibility study into the building of a Sports Stadium in Belfast which could accommodate international football, which was followed at the beginning of May 2008 by speculation that the Maze Stadium project was going to be radically revised byPeter Robinson, the finance and personnel minister in theNorthern Ireland Assembly, so that any construction might be used for purposes other than football, rugby union and Gaelic games.Given the time that is needed to build a new stadium, in the absence of significant work improving Windsor Park, it seemed to be likely that Northern Ireland might be forced to play their home games at a venue outside Northern Ireland for a period.
In March 2009, proposals were announced for the construction of a new 25,000-seat stadium in theSydenham area of East Belfast as an alternative to the Maze proposal. This would form part of a major development, with links to bothGeorge Best Belfast City Airport and theBangor railway line. The development would also include a hotel, and retail/leisure areas. The stadium itself would be used for both football andrugby union, withGlentoran andUlster Rugby intended as tenants.Ulster GAA, however, who were a partner in the Maze proposal, stated that in the event of a new stadium being built in East Belfast, which is a majorunionist area, their preference would then be to remain atCasement Park innationalist westBelfast.[19]
The new redeveloped Windsor Park. View from the Kop (West Stand) with only the corner between the West & North stands yet to be completed.
The IFA were initially non-committal about any of the proposals for improving their facilities, be it rebuilding Windsor Park, or supporting either the Maze or Sydenham proposals. In September 2009, however, they issued an announcement in favour of the redevelopment of Windsor Park.[20] Although there were no specifics to this, Linfield had previously released a study with two proposals, of which the major one would be a £20 million rebuilding of the stadium, raising the spectator capacity to 20,000.[21] In 2011, theNorthern Ireland Executive allocated £138 million for a major programme of stadium redevelopment throughout Northern Ireland, with £28 million allocated to the redevelopment of Windsor Park.[22] In June 2012, further details of the stadium's redevelopment were released. The plan was to redevelop Windsor Park into an 18,000 all-seater stadium with a series of phased works originally intended to begin in the summer of 2013. The redevelopment would include the demolition of the existing East and South Stand structures, to be replaced by new purpose built stands that would partially enclose the stadium; complete renovation of the existing North and West Stands; and construction of both new conferencing facilities and a new headquarters facility for the IFA.[23]
In February 2013, planning permission for the redevelopment was granted. The cost of the project was estimated to be around £29.2 million, of which £25.2 million would come from government funding. It was initially planned for the work to begin in September 2013.[24] Two months later, however, Irish Premiership clubCrusaders began legal proceedings to have the process judicially reviewed. As owners of the site, rivals Linfield were in line to receive not only a redeveloped stadium, but also £200,000 per annum from the IFA in land rent instead of the existing agreement which entitled Linfield to 15% of match revenue. Crusaders believed this to be againstEuropean Union competition law as well as a form ofstate aid towards Linfield.[25] In a hearing that took place on 22 May 2013, Crusaders' request was granted. It was ruled that it was a possibility for the redevelopment to be classed as state aid towards Linfield. The aspect of the challenge concerning competition law, however, was dismissed.[26]
Northern Ireland team in 2021
In July 2013, Crusaders agreed to a possible settlement brought forward by the judicial review. The details of the settlement were not made public, but Crusaders said that it had the "potential to benefit the entirety of the football family".[27] In September 2013, sports ministerCarál Ní Chuilín said that she was still committed to making sure the redevelopment went ahead as scheduled, after previously stating that she would not sign off on the funding until the IFA resolved "governance issues" surrounding David Martin's return to the role of deputy president.[28] In December 2013, three months after the work was originally scheduled to begin, the redevelopment was finally given the green light. The sports minister signed off on £31 million to complete the project. The redevelopment finally got under way on 6 May 2014 after the 2013–14 domestic season had finished, eight months later than originally planned. The work was completed in 2015.[29]
Northern Ireland football team's traditional colours are green and white. Green has long been a traditional symbolic colour for Ireland. The kit has been manufactured by Adidas since 2012. Prior to this, the kit was manufactured by Umbro.
TheGreen and White Army is the name given to the fans that follow the Northern Ireland national football team.
Since the defeat of England in 2005, there has been an increased demand for tickets exceeding supply.[30] Tongue-in-cheek songs such as "We're notBrazil, we're Northern Ireland" (sung to the tune ofBattle Hymn of the Republic, anAmerican Civil War song), "It's Just Like Watching Brazil" and "Stand up for the Ulstermen" are popular at home matches.
Leading up to theEuro 2016,YouTuber Sean Kennedy released the song "Will Grigg's on Fire", a parody about Northern Irish nationalWill Grigg to the tune of "Freed From Desire" by Gala. The song became a popular chant and internet sensation. A studio version was released by London-based production duoBlonde, going on to reach number seven in the iTunes UK Top 100.[32]
Former captainNeil Lennon retired from international football due to sectarian death threats
A small element of Northern Ireland's support was, in the past, regarded as sectarian.[33]
In 2000 the IFA launched the "Football For All" campaign to tackle sectarianism and racism at Northern Ireland games. Michael Boyd, the director of football development at the IFA, recalled how the team struggled to even get a sponsor for theirkit because the image of Northern Irish football was so poor.[34] Attendance at matches was low; at a 1999 game against France, then reigningWorld Cup champions, IFA could not sell out the ground and there were problems with "sectarian singing and racist abuse."[34]Neil Lennon, a Roman CatholicCeltic player who had been subject to sectarian abuse from Northern Ireland fans while playing for Northern Ireland in Windsor Park, was issued a death threat by Loyalists and retired from international football in 2002 as a result.[35] FormerSecurity MinisterJane Kennedy said the threat against Lennon 'disgraced Northern Ireland in the eyes of the world' and widened the divide between the association and Catholic players and supporters.[34] However, the incident represented a turning point in the campaign against sectarianism in the IFA which had seen slow progress in the previous two years.[34]
Steps taken to eradicate the sectarian element within the support have been successful.[36] Lennon has been quick to praise these initiatives.[37] He also praised the "Football For All" Outstanding Achievement Award Winner Stewart MacAfee[38] for the work he has done to create a more inclusive atmosphere at international games.
People like Stewart are the unsung heroes who have been brave enough to challenge sectarianism and who have actively created a more fun, safe and family-orientated atmosphere at international games. Fans like Stewart have made the atmosphere at Northern Ireland football games in recent years the envy of Fans across not only Europe but World football. From a personal point of view I would like to thank them for their efforts.
In 2006, Northern Ireland's supporters were awarded the Brussels International Supporters Award[39] for their charity work, general good humour and behaviour and efforts to stamp out sectarianism. Representatives of the Amalgamation of Official Northern Ireland Supporters' Clubs received the award from UEFA and EU representatives prior to the Northern Ireland–Spain game at Windsor Park in September 2006.
Northern IrelandMinister of Culture, Arts and Leisure,Carál Ní Chuilín, the first seniorSinn Féin representative to attend an international at Windsor Park, commended "the very real efforts that have been made by the IFA to tackle sectarianism at their matches" after a match in August 2011.[40] Twenty years after Lennon's resignation, Northern Ireland international games regularly sell out and women and children were "noticeable" amongst the spectators.[34]
Premier Sports currently have the rights to show all of Northern Ireland's competitive international fixtures up until 2024.[41]
Highlights of qualifiers are shown onBBC Northern Ireland with rights to World Cup Finals and European Championships held jointly byBBC andITV - both channels shared coverage of Northern Ireland's games atEuro 2016.
Dating from the 1960s, Northern Ireland's games were shown live onBBC Northern Ireland, with highlights on network BBC viaSportsnight until the rights to home games were sold to Sky in 2007.[42] In May 2013, Sky acquired the rights to all Northern Ireland qualifying games forUEFA Euro 2016 and the2018 FIFA World Cup.[43]From 2008 to 2013, BBC Northern Ireland held the rights to highlights of all of Northern Ireland's home international qualifiers. But in May 2013, ITV secured a deal to show highlights of the European Qualifiers forEuro 2016 and the2018 World Cup, including Northern Ireland games, between 2014 and 2017.
In 2015,BBC Northern Ireland acquired the live rights to show Northern Ireland's friendlies in the run-up toUEFA Euro 2016, but the next two subsequent home friendlies against Croatia and New Zealand were shown onPremier Sports/eirSport until the contract ended before the2018 World Cup.
INJ = Withdrew due to an injury. PRE = Preliminary squad / standby. RET = Retired from the national team. SUS = Serving suspension. WTD = Player withdrew from the squad due to non-injury issue.
^The team did not use the team name Northern Ireland until 1952, when the name was used in a one-off friendly against France. The 'Ulster Banner', the flag currently used by the Northern Ireland team, did not become the official flag ofNorthern Ireland until 1953. However, the team's first appearance after the end of Ireland (IFA) was against England in October 1950 in the1950–51 British Home Championship.
^The last match played as Ireland was in 1978 against Scotland.[4] However, apart from this match, all British Championship matches had been played as "Northern Ireland" since the 1973–74 tournament.[5] In the 1972–73 tournament, the first two matches were played as "Ireland" and the third as "Northern Ireland". In the 1971–72 tournament, the first was played as "Ireland" and the second and third as "Northern Ireland". 1970–71 was the last tournament in which all matches were played under the name "Ireland".[6]
^Bertie Peacock managed for the first three qualifying matches.Billy Bingham managed the remainder of the qualification campaign.
^Billy Bingham managed for the first three qualifying matches.Terry Neill managed the remainder of the qualification campaign.
^Terry Neill managed for the first two qualifying matches.Dave Clements managed the remainder of the qualification campaign.
^Lawrie Sanchez managed for the first six qualifying matches.Nigel Worthington managed the remainder of the qualification campaign.
^"Northern Ireland 3 Greece 1".BBC Sport. 8 October 2015.Archived from the original on 11 October 2015. Retrieved28 October 2015.At the tournament, the Northern Ireland fans made the famous chant 'Will Grigg's on fire' famous
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