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Norbaeocystin

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Chemical compound
Pharmaceutical compound
Norbaeocystin
Skeletal formula of norbaeocystin
Space-filling model of the norbaeocystin molecule as a zwitterion
Clinical data
Other names4-Phosphoryloxytryptamine; 4-PO-T; 4-Hydroxytryptamine 4-phosphate; 4-Hydroxytryptamine phosphate
Routes of
administration
Oral
Drug classSerotonin receptor agonist; Non-hallucinogenicserotonin5-HT2A receptoragonist
ATC code
  • None
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
  • 3-(2-ammonioethyl)-1H-indol-4-yl hydrogen phosphate
CAS Number
PubChemCID
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
CompTox Dashboard(EPA)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC10H13N2O4P
Molar mass256.198 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • NCCc1c[nH]c2cccc(OP(=O)(O)O)c12
  • InChI=1S/C10H13N2O4P/c11-5-4-7-6-12-8-2-1-3-9(10(7)8)16-17(13,14)15/h1-3,6,12H,4-5,11H2,(H2,13,14,15)
  • Key:IKQGYCWFBVEAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  (verify)

Norbaeocystin, also known as4-phosphoryloxytryptamine (4-PO-T), is apsilocybin mushroomalkaloid of thetryptamine family and ananalogue ofpsilocybin (4-PO-DMT). It is found as a minor compound in mostpsilocybin mushrooms, together with psilocybin,psilocin (4-HO-DMT),aeruginascin (4-PO-TMT), andbaeocystin (4-PO-NMT), from which it is aderivative.[1][2]

Pharmacology

[edit]

Norbaeocystin (4-PO-T) is thought to be aprodrug of4-hydroxytryptamine (4-HT), analogously to howpsilocybin (4-PO-DMT) is a prodrug ofpsilocin (4-HO-DMT) andbaeocystin (4-PO-NMT) is thought to be a prodrug ofnorpsilocin (4-HO-NMT).[3][4] 4-HT is apotent andcentrally penetrantserotonin5-HT2A receptoragonist and also interacts with otherserotonin receptors.[3] In spite of this however, 4-HT and norbaeocystin do not produce thehead-twitch response, a behavioral proxy ofpsychedelic effects, in animals, and hence are putatively non-hallucinogenic.[3][4] The reasons for this are unknown, but may be due toβ-arrestin2-preferringbiased agonism of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor.[3]

Chemistry

[edit]

Norbaeocystin is anN-demethylatedderivative ofbaeocystin (itself anN-demethylated derivative ofpsilocybin), and aphosphorylated derivative of4-hydroxytryptamine (4-HT).[citation needed] The latter is notable as apositional isomer ofserotonin, which is 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT).[citation needed]

Derivatives

[edit]

Derivatives of norbaeocystin (4-PO-T), also known assubstituted 4-phosphoryloxytryptamines, includebaeocystin (4-PO-NMT),psilocybin (4-PO-DMT),ethocybin (4-PO-DET),4-PO-DiPT,4-PO-MET, andaeruginascin (4-PO-TMT), among others.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Leung AY, Paul AG (October 1968). "Baeocystin and norbaeocystin: new analogs of psilocybin from Psilocybe baeocystis".Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.57 (10):1667–1671.doi:10.1002/jps.2600571007.PMID 5684732.
  2. ^Gotvaldová K, Borovička J, Hájková K, Cihlářová P, Rockefeller A, Kuchař M (November 2022)."Extensive Collection of Psychotropic Mushrooms with Determination of Their Tryptamine Alkaloids".International Journal of Molecular Sciences.23 (22) 14068.doi:10.3390/ijms232214068.PMC 9693126.PMID 36430546.
  3. ^abcdRakoczy RJ, Runge GN, Sen AK, Sandoval O, Wells HG, Nguyen Q, Roberts BR, Sciortino JH, Gibbons WJ, Friedberg LM, Jones JA, McMurray MS (October 2024)."Pharmacological and behavioural effects of tryptamines present in psilocybin-containing mushrooms".Br J Pharmacol.181 (19):3627–3641.doi:10.1111/bph.16466.PMID 38825326.
  4. ^abSherwood AM, Halberstadt AL, Klein AK, McCorvy JD, Kaylo KW, Kargbo RB, Meisenheimer P (February 2020). "Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Tryptamines Found in Hallucinogenic Mushrooms: Norbaeocystin, Baeocystin, Norpsilocin, and Aeruginascin".J Nat Prod.83 (2):461–467.doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01061.PMID 32077284.
Tryptamines
No ring subs.
4-Hydroxytryptamines
5-Hydroxytryptamines
5-Methoxytryptamines
Other ring subs.
α-Alkyltryptamines
Others
Cyclized
Bioisosteres
Phenethylamines
Scalines
2C-x
3C-x
DOx
4C-x
Ψ-PEA
MDxx
FLY
25x-NB (NBOMes)
Others
Cyclized
Lysergamides
  • Bioisosteres:JRT
Others
Natural sources
5-HT1
5-HT1A
5-HT1B
5-HT1D
5-HT1E
5-HT1F
5-HT2
5-HT2A
5-HT2B
5-HT2C
5-HT37
5-HT3
5-HT4
5-HT5A
5-HT6
5-HT7
Tryptamines
4-Hydroxytryptamines
andesters/ethers
5-Hydroxy- and
5-methoxytryptamines
N-Acetyltryptamines
α-Alkyltryptamines
Cyclized tryptamines
Isotryptamines
Related compounds
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