Non-FIFA international football is the segment ofinternational football that is not overseen byFIFA. FIFA is the internationalgoverning body ofassociation football, overseeing football globally and with running international representative matches. However, some international football takes place outside its authority. This often consists of matches involving sub-national entities such asislands,colonies, orautonomous regions. Representative matches also occur involvingstates with limited international recognition who are unable to qualify for FIFA membership. There are also a limited number of states whose representative teams are not affiliated to FIFA. Historically, a number of competitions occurred outside FIFA's auspices.[1][2] Member associations are national associations, usually affiliated to continental confederations which are subordinate to FIFA.[3]
Broadly speaking, non-FIFA national teams can be categorised as one of the following:
Teams representing eight small sovereign states – theFederated States of Micronesia,Kiribati,Monaco,Nauru,Palau,Tuvalu,Marshall Islands, and theVatican City – have played international football but are not affiliated to FIFA. Two of those states –Kiribati andTuvalu – are Associate Members ofOceania Football Confederation, but not its parent organisation.
TheUnited Kingdom is represented in FIFA through its four constituent countries (England,Wales,Scotland, andNorthern Ireland). During the 1940s and 1950s, aUnited Kingdom national football team was assembled on a few occasions to play friendly matches: these are not considered full internationals by FIFA.
A second category encompasses regions of larger nations which have a history of autonomy. They may have already achieved a degree of self-governance (for example theautonomous communities of Spain includingCatalonia,Galicia, and theBasque Country which usually play just one game a year, traditionally atChristmas), or be seeking it (like for example the French region ofBrittany). However, it is necessary to distinguish theBasque team from the others, as it has come to represent not just theBasque autonomous community of Spain, but thegreater Basque region, also incorporatingNavarre and theFrench Basque Country.TheRepublic of Srpska as a state entity with a high degree of autonomy, has ever since it was established in 1992 had its own football federation and national teamsRepublika Srpska national football team who play friendly matches. The Dayton Peace Treaty recognizes it as a constitutive part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and in 2002 both FIFA and UEFA accepted FA Republic of Srpska as one of two cofounders of FA BIH.
Alternatively, someunrecognised states may have national teams. Some established members ofFIFA still fall into this category, such asChinese Taipei. Current non-FIFA heavyweightsNorthern Cyprus are the best example of this category of non-FIFA football team.
Several teams which represent the regional associations of established footballing nations. These oversee local football in their respective regions and are part of a network of associations that contribute to the national association as a whole. A good example of this would beJersey, who holdcounty status withinthe Football Association. These regional associations often enter representative teams into international non-FIFA matches.
Another group of teams are representative sides of ethnic groups that are without a home state, or are drawn from an ethnicdiaspora. TheSami people ofLapland live in a distinct area of northernFennoscandia, yet fall under the control of four states. Nevertheless, they have organised a football association and a representative team. Similarly, theRomani people—having been strewn acrossEurope for centuries—have a fledgeling footballing organisation to represent them in international competition. Other people who were stateless, such as thePalestinians have been welcomed into FIFA and despite their state,Asian Football Confederation (AFC) only more recently[when?] recognised them in international football. The Esperanto football team represents the worldwide community ofEsperanto speakers.
Football tournaments at international multi-sports events, such as theOlympics,Pan-American Games andFrancophone games are without FIFA's jurisdiction, but are, for the most part, operated with the acknowledgement of that body. These events typically involve age restricted teams, to avoid direct competition with the World Cup and continental championships.
TheUNPO Cup was organised by theUnrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization andNF-Board, and took place inThe Hague in June 2005. The tournament, which coincided with UNPO's 7th General Assembly, featured four teams. The South Moluccas won the cup, beatingChechnya in the final. A second UNPO football cup took place in June 2017, with theChameria team winning the tournament.[14][15]
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2005 | ||
| 2017 |
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2014 | ||
| 2016 | ||
| 2018 | ||
| 2020 | N/A † | |
| 2024 | N/A ‡ |
† 2020 CONIFA World Football Cup cancelled due to COVID-19 Pandemic. ‡ 2024 CONIFA World Football Cup postponed, later cancelled, due to security concerns.
TheIsland Games, which are held every two years, features a competitive football tournament, won on the first two occasions by now-establishedUEFA andFIFA member, theFaroe Islands, and again in 2007 by nowUEFA members,Gibraltar. Many of the competing nations are affiliated to larger national FAs – theJersey Football Association, for example, is governed by theFA.
† Ynys Mon hosted an unofficial2019 Inter Games Football Tournament as Gibraltar did not have enough pitches.[16] Ynys Mon won the men's tournament and Isle of Man won the women's.
‡ 2021 Island Games postponed until 2023 due to COVID-19 with all previously announced host moved back 2 years.[17]
TheCONIFA European Football Cup was originally announced to be held inDouglas, theIsle of Man, but this was later changed to include games inFarnborough andWoking,England. However, it was later moved entirely toSzékely Land,Romania. The tournament took place from 13 to 21 June 2015. It was the first ever European Championship between representative teams outside FIFA. The 12 representative teams:Ellan Vannin,County of Nice,Abkhazia,Nagorno Karabakh,South Ossetia,Occitania,Romani People,Franconia,Sapmi,Northern Cyprus,Szekely Land andPadania.[18] Subsequently, 3 teams (Franconia,Monaco,Nagorno-Karabakh) cancelled their participation for the2015 CONIFA European Football Cup inHungary, which forced the originally planned schedule to be revised. The presence of a total of nine teams led to three groups of three being formed. In May 2015,Occitania also announced their withdrawal from the competition, which led to another revision of the match schedule into two groups of four, which CONIFA based upon their ranking points system. In June 2015, another three teams,South Ossetia,Abkhazia andNorthern Cyprus, were all forced to withdraw, as a result of visa difficulties, while theFelvidek team was added to the line up – leaving two groups of three and six participants in total.
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2015 | ||
| 2017 | ||
| 2019 | ||
| 2021 | N/A† | |
| 2023 | N/A‡ |
† 2021 CONIFA European Football Cup cancelled due to COVID-19 Pandemic.
‡ 2023 CONIFA European Football Cup cancelled due to2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake
TheEuropeada is a football tournament forindigenous and national minorities inEurope, and is organized by theFederal Union of European Nationalities. The first edition was played in 2008 inSurselva,Switzerland.[19]
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2008 | ||
| 2012 | ||
| 2016 | ||
| 2022 | ||
| 2024 | ||
| 2028 |
TheCONIFA Asian Football Cup is a cup played by theCONIFA members in Asia. The first cup was played inAlcochete,Portugal.[20] The second cup was played inLondon,England.Tamil Eelam won both tournaments.[21]
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | ||
| 2025 |
TheCopa CSANF is a football tournament for football federations not admitted to FIFA inSouth America. Is organized by theCSANF – Consejo Sudamericano de Nuevas Federaciones [pt;es]. The first edition was played in 2011 inChile.
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2011 | ||
| 2014 |
The CSANF 10th Anniversary Cup is the third tournament which celebrates the 10 years of the creation of the CSANF.
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2017 |
TheCampeonato Nacional de Futbol Pueblos Originarios (Copa ANPO) is a football tournament for theindigenous peoples ofSouth America, and is organized by theAsociación Nacional de Pueblos Originarios. The inaugural tournament was played in 2012 inChile.Campeonato de futbol Pueblos OriginariosAsociacion Andina de FutbolLiga Andina Arica Facebook page onFacebook played among six teams. Three teams come from theMapuche people – the largest indigenous population in Chile. There is a Mapuche team, aPewenche team (which is the term used for Mapuche populations living in the mountainous regions of Chile), and a Warriache team (composed of Mapuche individuals from the city). In addition, there is oneAymara team, one Lican Antay (orAtacameño) team, and oneRapa Nui team.[22]
The N.F.-Board's South American governing body CONMEBOLNFIFA have announced a preliminary date for the second Indigenous Peoples' Championship. Set for Santiago in Chile from August 5–10, 2013, the sides hoped to compete are Easter Island, Mapuche, Aymara, LikanAntay,Diaguita,Kolla,Quechua and a combinedYaghan-Kawesqar team.[23]
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2012 | ||
| 2013 | ||
| 2015 |
TheCONIFA South America Football Cup is a tournament organized byCONIFA. It is attended by CONIFA members of South America. The first and only cup that has been played was held inEstadio Fiscal de Linares inLinares, Chile.Maule Sur won.[26]
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 |
TheCONIFA African Football Cup is a tournament organized byCONIFA and played by CONIFA members of South America. A tournament was planned in 2021 but was cancelled due to unknown reasons. A second tournament was played in 2022 with 3 teams.Biafra won the tournament.[27]
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Cancelled | |
| 2022 |
TheUIAFA European Football Tournament, also known as the Great European Football Tournament was the only tournament held by theUIAFA, which was a competitor to FIFA in its early years. Out of UIAFA's 7 members, only four participated.[28]
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 1911 |
TheFIFI Wild Cup was organised by the German football clubSt. Pauli in the summer of 2006. It took place while theFIFA World Cup was being played in Germany, and aimed to raise awareness of stateless nations. Five nations took part, along with a team representing theSt. Pauli district ofHamburg.Northern Cyprus beatZanzibar 4-1 on penalties to win the tournament.
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2006 |
TheELF Cup, organised by theKTFF, took place in November 2006, inNorthern Cyprus. Eight teams accepted invitations to take part, and the hosts emerged as winners.
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2006 |
The firstVIVA World Cup, organised by theN.F.-Board,[29] took place inOccitania in November 2006. Six nations initially accepted invitations, but eventually, only 3 took part, the hosts, Monaco and Saami, the eventual winners. The second edition took place in Lapland in 2008 and Padania emerged as winners, as the third in 2009 where Padania won the tournament at home.
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2006 | ||
| 2008 | ||
| 2009 | ||
| 2010 | ||
| 2012 |
Across a discreet number of minor tournaments, the only three main international football tournaments for women are the Women's VIVA World Cup, the Europeada and the Island Games.
A women's football tournament to theIsland Games is played from 2001 edition:
† Ynys Mon hosted an unofficial2019 Inter Games Football Tournament as Gibraltar did not have enough pitches.[30]
‡ 2021 Island Games postponed until 2023 due to COVID-19 with all previously announced host moved back 2 years.[31]
A women's football tournament to theCONIFA World Football Cup is played from 2022.
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | ||
| 2024 |
A women's football tournament to theEuropeada is played from the 2016 edition:
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | ||
| 2022 | Carinthian Slovenes | |
| 2024 |
A women's football tournament to theVIVA World Cup was played from 2008 until 2010:
| Host nation | Year | Winners |
|---|---|---|
| 2008 | ||
| 2010 |
Two other tournaments in 2013 and 2018 were planned, but cancelled.
Here are some examples:
| Location | League | Narrative |
|---|---|---|
| Falkland Islands Football League | The football association of the Falkland Islands is not a member of FIFA or UEFA orCONMEBOL. | |
| Mayotte Division Honneur | The football association of Mayotte is simply associated with theFrench Football Federation. | |
| Ligue de Football de Saint Pierre et Miquelon | The football association of Saint Pierre and Miquelon is simply associated with theFrench Football Federation. | |
| Gozo Football League First Division | The football association of Gozo is not a member of FIFA or UEFA. | |
| Greenlandic Football Championship | played between club teams, is the premierfootball competition inGreenland. TheFootball Association of Greenland is not a member ofFIFA orCONCACAF orUEFA. | |
| Kiribati National Championship | The football association of Kiribati is an associate member ofOFC. | |
| Challenge Prince Rainier III | The football association of Monaco is not a member of FIFA or UEFA. | |
| KTFF Süper Lig | The football association of Northern Cyprus is not a member of FIFA or UEFA. | |
| Tuvalu A-Division | The football association of Tuvalu is an associate member of OFC. | |
| Vatican City Championship | The football association of Vatican City is not a member of FIFA or UEFA. | |
| Zanzibar Premier League | The football association of Zanzibar is an associate member ofCAF. |
Here are some examples:
Some non-FIFA teams play in other tournaments generally played by FIFA members, including theCONCACAF Gold Cup,Indian Ocean Games,CECAFA Cup,South Pacific Games,Coupes des Caraibes,Shell Caribbean Cup,CFU Championship and many more.
Moreover, many teams, before obtaining FIFA membership, played friendlies and international tournaments – for example, the Faroe Islands.
A big number of friendlies are being played between youth selections with different restrictions (U-21, U-18, or U-16 for example) but still there are not any international or continental tournaments being held. Only a little number of minor tournaments are played for youth selections: one of them, and probably one of the most important, isMuratti Vase who is played for U-21, U-18, U-15.
Despite the fact manynon-FIFA associations have their own league, there are no international or continental club tournaments.
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