Phylum of bacteria
Nitrospinota is a bacterial phylum. Despite only few described species, members of this phylum are majornitrite-oxidizing bacteria in surface waters in oceans. By oxidation of nitrite to nitrate they are important in the process ofnitrification in marine environments.[ 3]
Although the genusNitrospina is an aerobic bacterium, it was shown to oxidize nitrite also inoxygen minimum zone of the ocean. Depletion of oxygen in such zones leads to preference of anaerobic processes such asdenitrification and nitrogen loss throughanammox .Nitrospina thus outweigh nitrogen loss bynitrification also in these oxygen depleted zones.[ 4] [ 5]
Among the cultivated isolates within the genusNitrospina areNitrospina gracilis [ 6] [ 3] Nitrospina watsonii [ 7] metagenome binning .[ 5] Nitrospina species are, however, distantly related to environmentally abundant uncultured Nitrospinota.[ 8] alphaproteobacterial heterotroph . They are called "Candidatus Nitrohelix vancouverensis " and "Candidatus Nitronauta litoralis ". "Nitrohelix vancouverensis " is closely related to uncultivated environmentally abundant Nitrospinota clades 1 and 2.[ 8]
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on theList of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[ 12] National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[ 13]
Class Nitrospinia Lucker et al. 2022 Order Nitrospinales Lücker et al. 2022 Family NitrospinaceaeGarrity, Bell & Lilburn 2006 ^ Oren A, Garrity GM (2021)."Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes" .Int J Syst Evol Microbiol .71 (10): 5056.doi :10.1099/ijsem.0.005056 PMID 34694987 .S2CID 239887308 . ^ "Nitrospinae" .Global Biodiversity Information Facility . Retrieved5 September 2021 .^a b Lücker S, Nowka B, Rattei T, Spieck E, Daims H (2013)."The Genome of Nitrospina gracilis Illuminates the Metabolism and Evolution of the Major Marine Nitrite Oxidizer" .Frontiers in Microbiology .4 : 27.doi :10.3389/fmicb.2013.00027 PMC 3578206 PMID 23439773 . ^ Beman JM, Leilei Shih J, Popp BN (November 2013)."Nitrite oxidation in the upper water column and oxygen minimum zone of the eastern tropical North Pacific Ocean" .The ISME Journal .7 (11):2192– 205.Bibcode :2013ISMEJ...7.2192B .doi :10.1038/ismej.2013.96 .PMC 3806268 PMID 23804152 . ^a b Sun X, Kop LF, Lau MC, Frank J, Jayakumar A, Lücker S, Ward BB (October 2019)."Uncultured Nitrospina-like species are major nitrite oxidizing bacteria in oxygen minimum zones" .The ISME Journal .13 (10):2391– 2402.Bibcode :2019ISMEJ..13.2391S .doi :10.1038/s41396-019-0443-7 .PMC 6776041 PMID 31118472 . ^ Watson, Stanley W.; Waterbury, John B. (1971)."Characteristics of two marine nitrite oxidizing bacteria, Nitrospina gracilis nov. gen. nov. sp. and Nitrococcus mobilis nov. gen. nov. sp" Archiv für Mikrobiologie .77 (3):203– 230.Bibcode :1971ArMic..77..203W .doi :10.1007/bf00408114 .ISSN 0302-8933 .S2CID 35169111 . ^ Spieck, Eva; Keuter, Sabine; Wenzel, Thilo; Bock, Eberhard; Ludwig, Wolfgang (May 2014)."Characterization of a new marine nitrite oxidizing bacterium, Nitrospina watsonii sp. nov., a member of the newly proposed phylum "Nitrospinae" Systematic and Applied Microbiology .37 (3):170– 176.Bibcode :2014SyApM..37..170S .doi :10.1016/j.syapm.2013.12.005 .ISSN 0723-2020 .PMID 24581679 . ^a b Mueller, Anna J.; Jung, Man-Young; Strachan, Cameron R.; Herbold, Craig W.; Kirkegaard, Rasmus H.; Wagner, Michael; Daims, Holger (March 2021)."Genomic and kinetic analysis of novel Nitrospinae enriched by cell sorting" .The ISME Journal .15 (3):732– 745.Bibcode :2021ISMEJ..15..732M .doi :10.1038/s41396-020-00809-6 ISSN 1751-7362 .PMC 8026999 PMID 33067588 . ^ "GTDB release 09-RS220" .Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved10 May 2024 .^ "bac120_r220.sp_labels" .Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved10 May 2024 .^ "Taxon History" .Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved10 May 2024 .^ J.P. Euzéby." .List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved2020-11-17 . ^ .Sayers; et al."Nitrospinae" .National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved2020-11-17 .
Candidate Phyla
"Synergistetes" "Thermocalda"
"Cyanoprokaryota" "Firmicutes" Bacillota Bacillota A"Clostridiia " "Thermoanaerobacteria" Thermosediminibacteria Bacillota D Bacillota ESulfobacillia Symbiobacteriia Thermaerobacteria Bacillota G"Hydrogenisporia" Limnochordia "Desulfotomaculota ""Carboxydocellia" "Carboxydothermia" "Dehalobacteriia" Desulfitobacteriia Desulfotomaculia "Moorellia" Peptococcia Syntrophomonadia Thermincolia "Halanaerobiaeota" "Selenobacteria"
Incertae sedis
