| Nine Courts | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese | 九寺 | ||||||||
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TheNine Courts orMinistries were nine service agencies inImperial China that existed from theNorthern Qi dynasty (550–577)[dubious –discuss] to theQing dynasty (1644–1912). Headed by theNine Ministers, the offices were subordinate to theThree Departments and Six Ministries. They were mostly ceremonial in nature and held a fair amount of power. During theMing dynasty, the term generally referred to theSix Ministries, theCensorate, the Office of Transmission, and the Grand Court of Revision. The number of courts was not always nine throughout history.
The Nine Courts andMinisters throughout most of Chinese history were:
| Court | Minister | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | Chinese | English | Chinese | ||||
| Trad. | Simp. | Pinyin | Trad. | Simp. | Pinyin | ||
| Court of Imperial Sacrifices | Tàichángsì | Minister of Ceremonies | Tàicháng | ||||
| Court of Imperial Entertainments | 光祿寺 | Guānglùsì | Minister of Imperial Entertainments | 光祿勳 | 光禄勋 | Guānglùxūn | |
| Court of the Imperial Clan | Zōngzhèngsì | Minister of the Imperial Clan | Zōngzhèng | ||||
| Court of the Imperial Stud | 太仆寺 | Tàipúsì | Minister Coachman | 太仆 | Tàipú | ||
| Court of the Imperial Treasury | Tàifǔsì | Minister Steward | Shàofǔ | ||||
| Court of the Imperial Regalia | 卫尉寺 | Wèiwèisì | Minister of the Guards | 卫尉 | Wèiwèi | ||
| Court of State Ceremonial | 鸿胪寺 | Hónglúsì | Minister Herald | 鸿胪 | Hónglú | ||
| Court of the National Granaries | 司农寺 | Sīnóngsì | Minister of Finance | 司农 | Sīnóng | ||
| Court of Judicature and Revision | Dàlǐsì | Minister of Justice | Dàlǐ | ||||
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