Following theSoviet Union'sdissolution, Mikhalkov directed, co-wrote and starred in the historical dramaBurnt by the Sun (1994), for which he won theGrand Prix at theCannes Film Festival and the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. He received the "Special Lion" at theVenice Film Festival for his contribution to the cinematography and an Academy Award nomination for the legal drama12 (2007).
Mikhalkov was born inMoscow into the noble and distinguishedMikhalkov family. His great-grandfather was the imperial governor ofYaroslavl, whose mother was a princess of theHouse of Golitsyn. Nikita's father,Sergey Mikhalkov, was best known as writer of children's literature, although he also wrote lyrics to his country's national anthem on three occasions spanning nearly 60 years – two sets of lyrics used for theSoviet national anthem, and the current lyrics of theRussian national anthem. Mikhalkov's mother, poet Natalia Konchalovskaya, was the daughter of theavant-garde artistPyotr Konchalovsky and granddaughter of another outstanding painter,Vasily Surikov. Nikita's older brother is the filmmakerAndrei Konchalovsky, primarily known for his collaboration withAndrei Tarkovsky and his own Hollywood action films, such asRunaway Train andTango & Cash.
Career
Early acting career
Mikhalkov studied acting at the children's studio of theMoscow Art Theatre and later at the Shchukin School of theVakhtangov Theatre. While still a student, he appeared inGeorgiy Daneliya's filmWalking the Streets of Moscow (1964) and his brother Andrei Konchalovsky's filmHome of the Gentry (1969). He was soon on his way to becoming a star of the Soviet stage and cinema.
Directing
While continuing to pursue his acting career, he enteredVGIK, the state film school in Moscow, where he studied directing under filmmakerMikhail Romm, teacher to his brother andAndrei Tarkovsky. He directed his first short film in 1968,I'm Coming Home, and another for his graduation,A Quiet Day at the End of the War in 1970. Mikhalkov had appeared in more than 20 films, including his brother'sUncle Vanya (1972), before he co-wrote, directed and starred in his first feature,At Home Among Strangers in 1974, anOstern set just after the 1920s civil war inRussia.
Mikhalkov established an international reputation with his second feature,A Slave of Love (1976). Set in 1917, it followed the efforts of a film crew to make a silentmelodrama in a resort town while theRevolution rages around them. The film, based upon the last days ofVera Kholodnaya, was highly acclaimed upon its release in the U.S.
Incorporating several short stories by Chekhov,Dark Eyes (1987) starsMarcello Mastroianni as an old man who tells a story of a romance he had when he was younger, a woman he has never been able to forget. The film was highly praised, and Mastroianni received the Best Actor Prize at the1987 Cannes Film Festival[2] and anAcademy Award nomination for his performance.
Mikhalkov used the critical and financial triumph ofBurnt by the Sun to raise $25 million for his most epic venture to date,The Barber of Siberia (1998). The film, which was screened out of competition at the1999 Cannes Film Festival,[6] was designed as a patriotic extravaganza for domestic consumption. It featuredJulia Ormond andOleg Menshikov, who regularly appears in Mikhalkov's films, in the leading roles. The director himself appeared as TsarAlexander III of Russia.
The film received theRussian State Prize and spawned rumours about Mikhalkov's presidential ambitions. The director, however, chose to administer the Russian cinema industry. Despite much opposition from rival directors, he was elected the President of the Russian Society of Cinematographers and has managed theMoscow Film Festival since 2000. He also set the Russian AcademyGolden Eagle Award in opposition to the traditionalNika Award.[citation needed]
In 2005, Mikhalkov resumed his acting career, starring in three brand-new movies –The Councillor of State, aFandorin mystery film which broke the Russian box-office records,Dead Man's Bluff, a noir-drenched comedy about theRussian Mafia, andKrzysztof Zanussi'sPersona non grata.
In 2007, Mikhalkov directed and starred in12, a Russian adaptation ofSidney Lumet's court drama12 Angry Men. In September 2007,12 received a special Golden Lion for the "consistent brilliance" of its work and was praised by many critics at theVenice Film Festival. In 2008,12 was named as a nominee for Best Foreign Language Film for the80th Academy Awards. Commenting on the nomination, Mikhalkov said, "I am overjoyed that the movie has been noticed in the United States and, what's more, was included in the shortlist of five nominees. This is a significant event for me."
He also served as the executive producer of an epic film1612.
In 2022, he proposed organizing the Eurasian Film Academy and theDiamond Butterfly film award.[9]
Personal life
Mikhalkov's first wife was renowned Russian actressAnastasiya Vertinskaya, whom he married on 6 March 1967. They had a son, Stepan (born September 1966).
With his second wife, former model Tatyana, he had a son Artyom (born 8 December 1975), and daughtersAnna (born 1974) andNadya (born 27 September 1986).
Mikhalkov is actively involved in Russian politics. He is known for his at timesRussian nationalist andSlavophile views. Mikhalkov was instrumental in propagatingIvan Ilyin's ideas in post-Soviet Russia. He authored several articles about Ilyin and came up with the idea of transferring his remains from Switzerland to theDonskoy Monastery in Moscow, where the philosopher had dreamed to find his last retreat. The ceremony of reburial, also ofAnton Denikin, a general whose slogan was ‘Russia, one and indivisible’ was held on 3 October 2005.
In October 2006, Mikhalkov visitedSerbia, giving moral support toSerbia's sovereignty over Kosovo.[10] In 2008, he visitedSerbia to supportTomislav Nikolić who was running as the ultra-nationalist candidate for the Serb presidency at the time. Mikhalkov took part in a meeting of "Nomocanon", a Serb youth organization which denieswar crimes committed bySerbs in the 1992–99Yugoslav Wars. In a speech given to the organization, Mikhalkov spoke about a "war against Orthodoxy" wherein he citedOrthodox Christianity as "the main force which opposes cultural and intellectualMcDonald's". In response to his statement, a journalist asked Mikhalkov: "Which is better, McDonald's orStalinism?" Mikhalkov answered: "That depends on the person".[11] Mikhalkov has described himself as amonarchist.[12][13]
Mikhalkov has been a strong supporter of Russian presidentVladimir Putin. In October 2007, Mikhalkov, who produced a television program for Putin's 55th birthday, co-signed an open letter asking Putin not to step down after the expiry of his term in office.[14]
Mikhalkov'svertical of power-style leadership of theCinematographers' Union[15] has been criticized by many prominent Russian filmmakers and critics as autocratic, and encouraged many members to leave and form a rival union in April 2010.[16][17]
In 2015, Mikhalkov was banned from enteringUkraine for 5 years because of his support for the2014 Russian annexation of Crimea.[18][19] Despite his support for the annexation of Crimea he also called for the release of imprisoned Ukrainian filmmakerOleg Sentsov.[20]
On March 9, 2011, Nikita Mikhalkov registered a nikitabesogon account in LiveJournal, which was sold to another user in 2020. According to Mikhalkov, he chose a nickname named after his heavenly patron Nikita Besogon (Nikita, the exorcist). The video blog has become the format of communication. At the same time, the channel "Besogon TV" was registered on YouTube. After the account was advertised by famous bloggers, Mikhalkov's magazine gained popularity (in one month it was added to friends by more than 6 thousand users)[25] and in terms of the number of views, he was in the top ten of the rating.[26] In the videos, Mikhalkov answered users' questions, refuted various, in his opinion, untrue information on the Internet, spreading various conspiracy theories.[27][28] In May 2011, he started a page on theVKontakte social network.[29]
Later, on this basis, the Besogon TV program appeared, which was broadcast once a month by the Rossiya-24 TV channel from March 8, 2014, to May 1, 2020, without copyright and financial remuneration from the creators.[30] The TV channel did not air the program twice.:
In December 2015, due to ethical considerations, an issue devoted to the critical statements of the sports commentator of theMatch TV channel Alexei Andronov about "lovers of Novorossiya and the Russian world" was not released; in February 2016, the conflict was resolved.;[31]
In May 2018, for unknown reasons, an episode about "communication difficulties in the modern world" and "officials who do not hear the people" was taken off the air; however, this episode, which was scheduled to be shown on May 5 and 6, was nevertheless shown twice by the TV channel on May 4.[32]
Since January 20, 2019, the Besogon TV program has been broadcast on theSpas TV channel.
On May 1, 2020, after the release entitled "Who has the state in their pocket?" (about Bill Gates' possible plans to chip and destroy people under the guise of vaccination), its repeats over the weekend were removed from the broadcast network of the Rossiya-24 TV channel. Later, Mikhalkov stopped cooperating with this TV channel, but continued to release his program on YouTube.[33] Since March 6, 2021, the program has been broadcast again, but broadcasts from previous years are being broadcast.[34]
On October 21, 2020, it became known that the Besogon TV program is sometimes watched by the President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin.[35]
In March 2022, against the backdrop of the Russian invasion of Ukraine,Vladimir Medinsky, assistant to the president and former Minister of Culture of Russia, compared the current situation with the Troubles and called for "Besogon" to be translated into "as many languages as possible".[36]
In August 2022, against the background of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Mikhalkov presented Konstantin Tulinov, a former prisoner, as a hero in his Besogon TV program.,[37] who died in Ukraine. Russian media journalists found out that Tulinov was recruited into the Wagner private military company, and in the Kresty pre-trial detention center he participated in the torture of his fellow inmates.[38][39] According to the dataGulagu.net LikeFontanka, Tulinov was an activist of the so-called "press hut".[40]
As of January 2023, the number of subscribers of the Besogon TV channel was 1.47 million.[41][42]
On January 18, 2024, the YouTube video hosting service blocked the Besogon TV channel for "... numerous or serious violations of YouTube's rules regarding discriminatory statements".[28][43]
Conspiracy theories
In the author's program "Besogon TV" Mikhalkov repeatedly quoted variousconspiracy theories.[44][45] For example, in the issue "Who has the state in their pocket?",[46] released on May 1, 2020, as part of the Besogon TV video blog on YouTube, he announcedBill Gates' alleged plans to reduce the world's population through vaccination against COVID-19; about chipping through certain vaccinations, with which a person can allegedly turn into a controlled robot; that prolonged isolation and distance learning is being introduced, possibly with the aim of creating a "digital addiction" among citizens.[47][48]Ilya Varlamov, a Russian journalist and public figure, criticized Mikhalkov's statements about chipping:[49]
"Patent 666" is actually called "A cryptocurrency system using body activity data." Microsoft has patented a scheme in which a certain cryptocurrency system can set tasks for the user and monitor their implementation using a gadget. (…)
What makes Mikhalkov think that this is a nanochip that is implanted into the human body through a vaccine? It will be more like a fitness bracelet or a headband like the one that big headphones have, or some kind of mini camera on a laptop or VR helmet that will monitor the movement of the pupils.
Why did Mikhalkov assume that this technology would be mandatory for all 7 billion people living on Earth? And for no reason, this is pure speculation. Like, try to refute it!
What makes Mikhalkov think that this technology will ever be used? As for patents, it's a special culture in America. A huge number of large and small companies are trying to patent any nonsense, so that they can compete to see how much money they can make from whom. This forces everyone to patent literally everything.
In September 2020, Mikhalkov shared a conspiracy theory about the protests in Belarus. According to Mikhalkov, some of the people in the photos from the protest were drawn using computer graphics, while Mikhalkov said that he could be trusted because he "says it as a professional.".[50]
In 2020, Mikhalkov was nominated for his public conspiracy statements.[51][52] for the anti-award "Honorary Academician LIED", organized by the project "Anthropogenesis.<url>" in the framework of the scientific and educational forum "Scientists against myths-13". According to the results of the second stage of the anti-award, which ended with a popular vote on October 13, 2020, Mikhalkov took first place, but according to the results of the final ceremony, held on November 1, 2020, he lost the leadership.[53][54][55]to Galina Chervonskaya, a Russian activist in the anti-vaccination movement. Mikhalkov was awarded the "Vroskar Award of the Lionic Film Academy" with the wording "for outstanding directorial and acting talent aimed at spreading delusional ideas".[51][55]
In the May 23, 2023 issue of Living a Lie, Mikhalkov promoted a fringe moon conspiracy theory.[56] In March 2024, he stated that the cause of Alexei Navalny's death was thePfizer vaccine, which caused a blood clot to detach.[57]
Awards and achievements
State awards and titles
At the award ceremony of the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 1st class. December 10th, 2015
Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III class (October 17, 1995) — for services to the state, a great personal contribution to the development of cinematography and culture[61]
Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II class (October 21, 2005) — for outstanding contribution to the development of Russian culture and art, and long-term creative activity.[64]
Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV class (October 21, 2010) — for his great contribution to the development of Russian cinematographic art, long-term creative and social activities[65]
Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 1st class (June 29, 2015) — for outstanding contribution to the development of Russian culture, cinematographic and theatrical art, and long-term creative activity.[66]
Cultural Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation (March 2, 2020) — for the film "Upward Movement"»[67]
Order of St. Andrew (October 21, 2025) — for outstanding contributions to the development of domestic culture and cinematographic art, and many years of fruitful public activity.[69]
The Award of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in the field of culture and art (2021) — for contribution to the development of national culture and art.[70]
Dostlug Order (Azerbaijan, October 20, 2015) — for special merits in the development of cultural ties between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Russian Federation;[77]
Order of St. Stephen (Serbian Orthodox Church, Montenegro, May 13, 2016) — for long-term cooperation in the field of culture and invaluable contribution to the support of the Orthodox spirit;[78]
Order of St. Seraphim of Sarov, 1st class (Russian Orthodox Church, 2021)[82]
Medal "In Commemoration of the 10th Anniversary of the Return of Sevastopol to Russia" (March 18, 2024) - for personal contribution to the return of the city of Sevastopol to Russia.
National Prize "Imperial Culture" named after Eduard Volodin for the program "Besogon" and the book "My diaries 1972-1993. "Or was it all a dream to me?" (2016).[91]
Shostakovich Prize for contribution to world musical culture (2017).[92]
President of the Russian Cultural Foundation (since 1993).[100] Member of the Presidium of the Council under the President of the Russian Federation for Culture and Arts.[101]
Since February 2018 - Mentor of the public movement «Younarmy».[128]
Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Russian State Academy of Intellectual Property.[129]
Since July 26, 2010 - Honorary Member of the Patriarchal Council for Culture.[130][131]
Criticism
A number of Nikita Mikhalkov's actions have received mixed reviews from society:
On March 10, 1999, the director was holding a master class at the Central House of Cinematographers when two National Bolsheviks entered and began throwing eggs at him.[132] Photos and videos show Nikita Mikhalkov kicking one of the hooligans in the face while he was being held tightly by the guards' arms.[133] Marina Lesko wrote in the newspaperKomsomolskaya Pravda that he behaved "like a nobleman – the plebs don't even know that only equals fight 'with their fists', and Nikita really behaved like a gentleman.".[134]
In 2010, Mikhalkov proposed that the government introduce compensatory fees on the production and import of storage media and audio-video recording devices to finance cultural support funds in the amount of 5 rubles per piece of storage media and 0.5%, but not less than 100 rubles and not more than 10 thousand rubles, of the cost of the equipment. The bill proposed the following list of storage media: tapes, magnetic disks, optical, semiconductor and other storage media, equipment with an audio or video recording device and using magnetic, optical or semiconductor storage media (except laptops, photo and video cameras).[135] In 2010,Rosokhrankultura transferred the right to the Russian Union of Copyright Holders (RUCH), headed by Nikita Mikhalkov, to collect 1% of all audiovisual information media sold in favor of copyright holders. A number of Internet users organized a campaign calling for sending a parcel with a delivery confirmation addressed to Mikhalkov, which would contain blanks and 6 coins worth 5 kopecks, which is a hint at the biblical 30 pieces of silver.[136]
In 2010, a number of media outlets[137] Information has emerged that Nikita Mikhalkov is preparing lawsuits against some well-known LiveJournal users (in particular, Artemy Lebedev) for publishing caricatures of the posters for his filmBurnt by the Sun 2 in their blogs.
In May 2012, a letter signed by Nikita Mikhalkov and composerAndrei Eshpai was sent to the State Duma with a proposal to introduce a number of amendments to the Civil Code (CC) regarding copyrights and fees for distributing and listening to copyrighted content. The Russian Authors' Society (RAO) was going to demand a share of the income not only from movie theaters, television companies and radio stations, but also from the owners of all sites in the .ru and .рф domain zones.[138]
For a long time, Nikita Mikhalkov was approached by the 37th Patriarchal Exarch of All Belarus Filaret,[139] public figures[140] with a request for assistance in restoring the Church of the Holy Archangel Michael in the town of Zembin (Belarus), which was significantly damaged during the filming of one of the war episodes of the movie "Roll Call" (in this movie Mikhalkov played the role of a tank driver who drove a T-34 tank into the altar of the church and drove through the burial places of the clergy behind the altar). There were no responses to these requests.[140]
Hotel in Maly Kozikhinsky Lane
Mikhalkov's studio "TriTe" is the customer of the demolition of a number of historical buildings in Maly Kozikhinsky Lane and the construction of a hotel in their place.[141] At the end of October 2010, residents addressed an open letter to Mikhalkov, as well as to the Moscow mayor's office, protesting against the continuation of construction. Residents asked to review the project, reduce the height of the hotel, refuse to build an underground garage, and recreate the historical facades of the demolished buildings.[142] People's Artist of the Russian Federation Tatyana Dogileva took an active part in picketing the construction site.[143][144] On December 8, 2010, local residents who came to see the prefect of the Central Administrative District, among whom was Dogileva, were accused of seizing the prefecture. The prefect of the Central Administrative District stated that the construction of Mikhalkov's hotel would continue.[145] Mikhalkov, in turn, threatened Dogileva with exclusion from the Union of Cinematographers "for non-payment of membership fees."[146]
Flashing light
In 2010, in an interview with theREN-TV channel, when asked if it was true that he drove with a flashing light, Nikita Mikhalkov answered: "yes", "the flashing light belongs to the Ministry of Defense", thanks to the flashing light he "made it to the filming of the movie US-2". He added that "it has always been like this and it will always be like this!".[147]
In May 2011, the director approached the leadership of the Russian Defense Ministry with a request to relieve him of his post as chairman of the Public Council under this department. He motivated this by his dissatisfaction with the quality of the organization of military parades on Victory Day in 2010 and 2011, the depressing state of Russian military education, and the alienation between society and the army. This meant his refusal of all the privileges associated with this position, primarily the special car signal. However, a source in the Defense Ministry told the Interfax agency that Mikhalkov made the decision to leave the Public Council after he was informed that the special signal had been removed from his car. According to him, "it is surprising that the famous film director's disapproval of the procedure for holding parades last and this year began to be expressed by him when the issue of the flashing light came up.".[148] On May 23, 2011, Komsomolskaya Pravda published a letter addressed to Defense Minister Anatoly Serdyukov on May 16, signed by Nikita Mikhalkov. "This is a private letter that I wrote to the Defense Minister. I don't know how it got out of the military department and into the media. I won't comment on the letter, I want to understand what the reaction to this appeal will be," the film director said.[149] On May 24, Nikita Mikhalkov himself, in the pages of the Izvestia newspaper, rejected both the reports that they were going to deprive him of his flashing light in any case, and the suggestion that his resignation as chairman of the Public Council was an "elegant way" to get rid of criticism in the blogosphere. He stated: "There were and are no formal grounds for removing the flashing light. In all these years, my driver has not had a single complaint from the traffic police. In any case, the flashing light is not due to Mikhalkov, but to the chairman of the Public Council. I will hand it in along with my license." He also emphasized that he finds it hard to imagine that the "hysterical campaign in the blogosphere" could influence the decisions of the Ministry of Defense: "It’s not the flashing light that irritates them, but my personality. If there is no flashing light, they will come up with a wagtail, a pihalka, or anything else. They are making up stories about me scattering 'combat vipers' around the estate.".[150] Mikhalkov also admitted that due to the lack of a flashing light, he might be able to do much less. "Another question is who will benefit from this," he said in an interview.[151]
On May 29, Mikhalkov's car — now without a flashing light — was filmed repeatedly driving into the oncoming lane. After the video was made public, the Road Safety Department initiated an investigation into the incident.[152]
He was approved for the role of Petya Rostov, but starred in only one scene — horseback riding during a hunt, after which he did not participate in the film; there is no credits
Reads the voiceover translation of foreign lines in his films:
1987 — Black eyes
1990 — Hitchhiking
1991 — Urga — the territory of love
1998 — The Siberian Barber
Song performance
In the film "I'm walking through Moscow," Mikhalkov performed a song based on the words of Gennady Shpalikov ("I'll spread a white sail over the boat...").
In the film "Cruel Romance" he performed the romance "And the Gypsy Goes" based on the poems of Rudyard Kipling..
In his 2014 film "Sunstroke," Mikhalkov performed the romance "Not for Me" with the Kuban State Academic Cossack Choir under the direction of Anatoly Arefyev. It was this song that Stanislav Lyubshin's character tried and could not remember in one of the scenes of the film "Five Evenings"..
Documentaries and TV shows
2010 — Nikita Mikhalkov. Sami with a mustache (Channel One)[158]
2010 — Nikita Mikhalkov. Territory of Love (TV Center)[159]
2015 — Nikita Mikhalkov. A stranger among his own (Channel One)[160][161]
2020 — Nikita Mikhalkov. Upward movement (Channel One)[162][163]
2020 — Portrait of an Epoch by Nikita Mikhalkov (Mir)[164]
2023 — I don't see an actor, but a feature of being (Culture).[165]
Maternal grandfather - Pyotr Konchalovsky (1876–1956), painter, People's Artist of the RSFSR (1946).
Father: Sergei Mikhalkov (1913–2009), children's writer. Hero of Socialist Labor (1973),Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1967).
Mother: Natalia Konchalovskaya (1903–1988), poet and translator.
Half-sister - Ekaterina Alekseevna Semenova (Bogdanova) (1931–2019),[166] Natalia Konchalovskaya's daughter from her first marriage. She was married to the writer Yulian Semyonov (1931–1993).
Niece: Olga Semenova (born 1967), journalist.
Elder brother - Andrei Mikhalkov-Konchalovsky (born 1937), film director, People's Artist of the RSFSR (1980).
Nephew - Yegor Konchalovsky (born 1966), film director.
Wives and children
First wife (1966–1971) — Anastasia Vertinskaya (born 1944), actress,People's Artist of the RSFSR (1988). Son — Stepan (born 1966), producer and restaurateur. Grandchildren: Alexandra (born 1992), Vasily (born 1999), Pyotr (born 2002), Luka (born 2017).[167] Great-grandchildren: Fyodor Skvortsov (born 2018)[168] and Nikolay Skvortsov (born 2019),[169] sons of granddaughter Alexandra.
Second wife (1973 — present) — Tatyana Mikhalkova (born 1947). Daughter — Anna (born 1974), actress, TV presenter; People's Artist of the Russian Federation (2025). Grandchildren: Andrey Bakov (born 2000), Sergey Bakov (born 2001),[170] Lydiya Bykova (род. 2013).[171] Son — Artyom (born 1975), film director and actor. Grandchildren: Natalia (born 2002) and Alexander (born 2020).[172] Great-grandson Mikhail Stepanenko (born 2024),[173] son of granddaughter Natalia. Daughter — Nadezhda (born 1986), actress, film director, TV presenter. Grandchildren: Nina (born 2011), Ivan (born 2013).
^Ragozin, Leonid (21–27 January 2008)."Точка невозврата".Russian Newsweek.4 (178). Archived fromthe original on 11 February 2009. Retrieved14 May 2009.Михалков прищурился еще хитрее и нанес главный риторический удар: «Потому что православие – это основная сила, противостоящая культурному и интеллектуальному макдоналдсу»...Вдруг из зала раздался провокационный вопрос: «А что лучше – макдоналдс или сталинизм?» – «Ну это кому как», – ответил сын лауреата Сталинской премии.
^БесогонТВ «Жить по лжи» onYouTube. «И сейчас проверить: высадка эта была реальной и снята во время путешествия "Аполлон-11" или снята в павильонах Великобритании… невозможно». С момента 23:35.
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