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TheNight of Agony (Portuguese:Noite da Agonia) was a historical event in theBrazilian Empire, occurring in the pre-dawn hours of 12 November 1823, when emperorDom Pedro I ordered the army to invade and dissolve theBrazilian Constituent Assembly. The assembly resisted for several hours, but in the end was dissolved and a few of its members were imprisoned and deported, including the brothersJosé Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva,Martim Francisco Ribeiro de Andrada andAntônio Carlos Ribeiro de Andrada.[1][2]
The following year, on 25 March 1824, a newImperial Constitution was adopted, which designed an Executive, Legislative, and Judicial powers, but also amoderating power, which invested in the Emperor the title of "Moderator", acting as a neutral intermediary between the branches.[citation needed]
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