 | |
| The Nielsen Company | |
| Company type | Private |
| NYSE: NLSN (2011–2022)S&P 500 component (2013–2022) | |
| ISIN | GB00BWFY5505 |
| Industry | Media |
| Founded | August 24, 1923; 102 years ago (1923-08-24) |
| Founder | Arthur Nielsen |
| Headquarters | New York City, U.S. |
Key people | David Kenny (executive chairman) Karthik Rao (CEO)[1] Warren Jenson (CFO)[2] |
| Products | |
| Revenue |  US$3.5 billion (2021)[3] |
| US$872 million (2021)[3] | |
| US$963 million (2021)[3] | |
| Total assets |  US$10.8 billion (2021)[3] |
| Total equity | US$3.3 billion (2021)[3] |
| Owner | Elliott Investment Management (2022–present) |
Number of employees | c. 15,000 (December 2021)[3] |
| Subsidiaries | Gracenote,Nielsen Audio,AGB Nielsen Philippines, Rhiza,Nielsen Media Research,The Demand Institute |
| Website | nielsen |
Nielsen Holdings plc (orNielsen) is an American media audience measurement firm. Nielsen operates in over 100 countries and employs approximately 15,000 people worldwide.
For most of its history, the company was known for its two subsidiaries,Nielsen Media Research, which was responsible for TV ratings, and AC Nielsen, which was responsible for consumer shopping trends and box-office data. Nielsen Media Research later evolved into Global Media division and the AC Nielsen later evolved into Global Connect division. The company later decided to retain its Global Media division and divested the Global Connect division (NielsenIQ, the former AC Nielsen) to private equity firmAdvent International in March 2021.[4]
The company was listed on theNew York Stock Exchange and used to be a component of theS&P 500.[5]
Nielsen was founded in 1923 byArthur C. Nielsen, Sr., who invented an approach to measuring competitive sales results that made the concept of "market share" a practical management tool. The holding company was incorporated in theNetherlands and later was purchased on May 24, 2006, by a consortium ofprivate equity firms.[5]
In January 2011, Nielsen consummated an initial public offering of common stock and, subsequently, started trading on theNew York Stock Exchange under the symbol "NLSN".[5] On August 31, 2015, Nielsen N.V., a Dutch public company listed on the New York Stock Exchange, merged with Nielsen Holdings plc, by way of a cross-border merger under the European Cross-Border Merger Directive, with Nielsen Holdings plc being the surviving company.[5] The merger effectively changed the place of incorporation of Nielsen's publicly traded parent holding company from the Netherlands to England and Wales, with no changes made to the business being conducted by Nielsen prior to the merger.[5]
On March 5, 2021, Nielsen Holdings announced the completion of sale of Global Connect business (known as NielsenIQ, the former AC Nielsen) to private equity firm Advent International.[4] This transaction effectively turned Nielsen into a pure-play media audience measurement and analytics firm.
In March 2022, Nielsen announced that it had accepted a $16 billion offer from a group of private equity investors led byElliott Investment Management subsidiary Evergreen Coast Capital Corp., andBrookfield Business Partners.[6] The Nielsen board of directors had turned down an initial $9 billion offer from the investment consortium.[6] The transaction was completed in October 2022.[7]
Nielsen is a global, independent measurement and data company formedia business. With a presence in more than 100 countries and services covering more than 90% of the globe's GDP and population, Nielsen provides clients with data about what consumers watch (programming,advertising) on a global and local basis and how those choices intersect.[8]
The company's operations span developing and emerging markets worldwide, in more than 100 countries. According to SEC records, on February 26, 2015, Nielsen N.V., announced that its board of directors unanimously approved a proposal that resulted in a change in the company's legal domicile, from the Netherlands to the United Kingdom.[9] Upon approval, the company became incorporated under English law and was registered as a public limited company to be namedNielsen Holdings PLC.[10]
Up to 2022,James Attwood Jr. was Nielsen's non-executive chairman, who succeeded Dave Calhoun as Executive Chairman in January 2016. Prior to joining Nielsen as CEO in 2006, Dave Calhoun served as Vice Chairman of theGeneral Electric Company and President and Chief Executive Officer of GE Infrastructure, the largest of six GE business units. He served as Nielsen CEO from 2006 to 2014, when he was succeeded by Mitch Barns.[11] Barns joined Nielsen in 1997, and has held various roles in Europe, Asia, and North America leading major parts of the business.[12]
On December 3, 2018, David Kenny was named CEO of Nielsen, succeeding Mitch Barns.[citation needed]
In September 2023, Karthik Rao was named CEO of Nielsen, succeeding David Kenny who became Executive Chairman.[13]
While the Nielsen brand is most often associated withtelevision ratings, those TV rating services comprise approximately one-quarter of the company's business and revenues. After substantial work to simplify the company over the last several years and divestment ofNielsenIQ in 2021, Nielsen Holdings aligns its business into media audience measurement and analytics.[14]
Arthur C. Nielsen founded theAC Nielsen Company in August 1923[15][16] with the idea of selling engineering performance surveys. It was the first company to offermarket research.[17] The company expanded its business in 1932 by creating a retail index that tracked the flow of food and drug purchases. This was the first retail measurement of its kind and for the first time allowed a company to determine its "share" of the market—the origination of the concept of "market share"[17] Arthur C. Nielsen is credited with coining this business term.
In 1936, Arthur C. Nielsen acquired the Audimeter, which measured whichradio stations a radio had been tuned to during the day. After tinkering with the device for a few years, the company created a national radio rating service in 1942.[18] The company collected information on which stations radios were tuned to in one thousand homes. Then, this survey data was sold to manufacturers who were interested in the popularity of programs and demographic information about listeners for advertising purposes. This was the birth ofaudience measurement that would become the most well-known part of Nielsen's business when applied to television.[18] Today, these are commonly referred to as "Nielsen ratings".
The company began measuring television audiences in 1950, at a time when the medium was just getting off the ground. Just as with radio, a sampling of homes across the U.S. was used to develop ratings. This information was collected on a device that was attached to a television that recorded what was being watched. In 1953, the company began sending out diaries to a smaller sample of homes ("Nielsen families") within the survey to have them record what they had watched.[17] This data was put together with information from the devices. This combination of data allowed the company to statistically estimate the number of Americans watching TV and the demographic breakdown of viewers.[17] This became an important tool for advertisers and networks.
In the 1980s, the company launched a new measurement device known as the "people meter". The device resembles a remote control with buttons for each individual family member and extras for guests. Viewers push a button to signify when they are in the room and push it again when they leave, even if the TV is still on. This form of measurement was intended to provide a more accurate picture of who was watching and when.[19]
In July 2008,[20] Nielsen released the first in a series of quarterly reports, detailing video and TV usage across the 'three screens' – Television, Internet and Mobile devices. The A2/M2 Three Screen Report also includes trends in timeshifted viewing behavior and its relationship to online video viewing, a demographic breakdown of mobile video viewers and DVR penetration.
On September 30, 2016,[21] Nielsen made its Digital Content Ratings available in full syndication for clients.
On September 9, 2016,[22] Nielsen announced that it would retire its paper TV diaries by mid-2017 and provide all electronic measurement in its local television ratings.
Nielsen was acquired by theDun & Bradstreet Company in 1984.[23] In 1996, D&B divided the company into two separate companies:Nielsen Media Research, which was responsible for TV ratings, andAC Nielsen, which was responsible for consumer shopping trends and box-office data.[24] In 1999, Nielsen Media Research was acquired by the Dutch publishing companyVNU (Verenigde Nederlandse Uitgeverijen).[25] VNU later acquired AC Nielsen and recombined the two businesses in 2001. In between, VNU sold off its newspaper properties toWegener and its consumer magazines toSanoma. The company's publishing arm also owned several publications includingThe Hollywood Reporter,Adweek andBillboard magazine. VNU combined the Nielsen properties with other research and data collection units including BASES, Claritas, HCI and Spectra. VNU also acquired companies that added to its measurement capabilities.
Nielsen was a private company from 2006 through 2011. On January 25, 2011, the company listed itself on the New York Stock Exchange and issued an initial public offering (IPO) that raised $1.8 billion in the largest private equity-backed U.S. IPO since 2006.[26]
Nielsen began a joint venture called AGB Nielsen Media Research withWPP Group's AGB Group, a European competitor which provides similar services.[27]
VNU acquired a majority stake in Buzzmetrics, a company which measures consumer-generated media online. Under the new ownership, Nielsen bought the remaining shares of the company in 2007.[28] In the same year, Nielsen acquired Telephia, which measures mobile media,[29] and Bilesim Medya, a Turkish advertising intelligence firm.[30] VNU was acquired by a group of six private equity firms: the AmericanKohlberg Kravis Roberts,Thomas H. Lee Partners,Blackstone Group,Carlyle Group andHellman & Friedman, and Dutch equity firmAlpInvest Partners[31] for £5bn.[32] In the same year, the group hired David L. Calhoun, formerly ofGeneral Electric, as CEO.[33] He renamed VNU as The Nielsen Company in 2007. VNU sold its business publications division for €320m (£210m) to venture capital group3i, which then sold the UK division (VNU Business Publications Ltd) toIncisive Media.[32]
In June, Nielsen acquired Telephia, a provider of syndicated consumer research to the telecom and mobile media markets.[34]
Nielsen acquired IAG Research which measures viewer engagement with TV commercials.[35] The same year, Nielsen made a strategic investment inNeuroFocus, a California firm applying neuroscience brainwave techniques for consumer research. The firm was later fully acquired by Nielsen in 2011[36] In 2009 and 2010, Nielsen sold its business magazines; its well-known entertainment properties went to the new companye5 Global Media.
Nielsen acquired The Cambridge Group, amanagement consulting firm headquartered in Chicago. The firm researches latent and emerging consumer demand.
In June, Nielsen paired withMcKinsey & Company to create the social media consulting companyNM Incite.[37][38] NM Incite had operations in 13 global markets, including: US, UK,Germany, Spain, Italy, Australia, New Zealand, China, Japan, India, Brazil, Canada and Korea.[39]
In August, Nielsen acquired Marketing Analytics, Inc.[citation needed]
In February, Nielsen launchedThe Demand Institute in collaboration withThe Conference Board. The Demand Institute is a non-profit, non-advocacy organization. In July, Nielsen acquired the advertising tech company Vizu. The acquisition was made so that Nielsen can better analyze the effectiveness of online advertisement.[40] In November, Nielsen acquired SocialGuide, a provider of social TV measurement, analytics and audience engagement solutions.[41] On December 17, 2012, Nielsen disclosed that it would acquireArbitron, a company primarily involved inradio audience measurement, for $1.3 billion. The successful acquisition was completed on September 30, 2013.[42]
On June 17, 2013, Nielsen announced that Onex Corp (TSX: OCX) had completed the acquisition of Nielsen Expositions for $950 million in cash consideration. Nielsen Expositions operated tradeshows in the United States. The company was renamed Emerald Expositions Inc. after the transaction.
On February 3, 2014, Nielsen announced the acquisition of Harris Interactive, Inc. (NASDAQ:HPOL). This allowed Nielsen to take ownership ofThe Harris Poll.[43] Later on February 26, 2014, Nielsen acquired Nexium, a retail in-store execution and sales analytics company.[44] On September 18, 2014 Nielsen announced the acquisition of Indicus Analytics Pvt Ltd. On October 8, 2014, Nielsen acquired Affinnova, an international media and marketing research firm. The Affinnova team joins Nielsen's legacy BASES team to form Nielsen's Innovation Practice area.[45]
On January 22, 2015, Nielsen acquired Brandbank, specialized in the process of digitally collecting, managing and distributing FMCG product and brand image content for retail syndication across in-store, print promotional and e-commerce platforms.[46] On March 4, 2015, Nielsen announced the acquisition of Exelate, a provider of data and technology to facilitate the buying and selling of advertising across programmatic platforms.[47] On May 27, 2015, Nielsen acquired Innerscope Research, which specialized inconsumer neuroscience usingbiometrics, eye tracking and facial coding. Nielsen renamed its combined offering as Nielsen Consumer Neuroscience, and named Carl Marci as Chief Neuroscientist.[48]
On March 3, 2016, Nielsen acquired Pointlogic, in marketing decision support systems.[49] On March 10, 2016, Nielsen acquired Mumbai-based mobile usage measurer Informate Mobile Intelligence for an undisclosed amount.[50] On June 21, 2016, Nielsen acquired Repucom, a sports measurement, evaluation and intelligence company based inStamford, Connecticut.[51] On December 20, 2016,[52] Nielsen announced its agreement with Tribune Media Company to purchaseGracenote, a provider of media and entertainment metadata.
On January 5, 2017,[53]The Carlyle Group acquired Claritas from Nielsen. On January 20, 2017,[54]The NPD Group acquired the US assets ofNielsen BookScan. On January 23, 2017,[55] the Stagwell Group announced that it acquired Nielsen's Harris brand and the Harris Poll through its Stagwell Media LLC. On February 1, 2017,[56] Nielsen completed its acquisition of Gracenote. On February 23, 2017, Nielsen acquired Rhiza, Inc., a Pittsburgh-based media and consumer analytics software firm.
In December 2019, Nielsen music data business was sold toValence Media (then parent company ofBillboard, another former Nielsen business). The transaction includesNielsen Broadcast Data Systems, Music 360, andNielsen SoundScan.[57][58]
On March 5, 2021, Nielsen Holdings announced the completion of sale of Global Connect business (the former AC Nielsen) to private equity firm Advent International.[4]
On July 8, 2021, Nielsen acquired TVTY, a TV attribution provider and ad monitoring company based in Paris, France, for an undisclosed amount.[59]
Verenigde Nederlandse Uitgeverijen (VNU, literally "United Dutch Publishers", founded 1964) was aDutchpublishing company with products including Europeanconsumer magazines,Dutch regional newspapers, business publications in the European and North American markets, and educational publications.[60]
In 1997, VNU acquired the directory publishing business of ITT Sheraton (ITT World Directories) for $2.1 billion; the business was renamed VNU World Directories.[60]
VNU acquired Nielsen Media Research, part of the former AC Nielsen Company, in 1999.[61] It was the owner of theHungarian business magazineFigyelő in the 1990s.[62]
In 2000, VNU acquiredMiller Freeman, Inc. fromUnited News & Media for a reported price of $650 million.[63] VNU merged much of the purchased Miller Freeman assets into VNU Expositions. VNU subsequently divested themselves of a few former Miller Freeman assets.[64]
VNU announced a heavy restructuring of its technology news portal, VNUNet, in February 2001. Ten employees were laid off due to the plan.[65] The company disposed of its entire magazine publishing arm later in 2001 toSanoma for €1.25 million, and sold its newspaper properties toWegener. Focusing instead on market research and data collection, it acquired AC Nielsen in 2001, recombining the two halves of the former Nielsen business, and added other research and data collection units including BASES, Claritas, HCI and Spectra. In 2006, the company was acquired by a consortium of six investors for €28.75 per share, a sum of €7.5 billion.[66] In the same year, the group hiredDavid L. Calhoun, formerly ofGeneral Electric, as CEO.[33]
In 2004,VNU World Directories was sold toApax Partners andCinven.[67] VNU sold its business publications division in 2006 for €320m (£210m) to venture capital group3i, which then sold the UK division (VNU Business Publications Ltd) toIncisive Media.[32]
The company was renamedThe Nielsen Company in 2007.[68]
FIFA signed up with Nielsen to provide official market research for the2017 FIFA Confederations Cup and the2018 FIFA World Cup.[69]
