| New Croton Reservoir | |
|---|---|
 | |
  New Croton Reservoir | |
| Location | Westchester County, New York |
| Coordinates | 41°13′58.65″N73°50′23.27″W / 41.2329583°N 73.8397972°W /41.2329583; -73.8397972 |
| Type | reservoir |
| Primary inflows | Croton River |
| Primary outflows | Croton River |
| Catchment area | 57 sq mi (150 km2) |
| Basin countries | United States |
| Built | 1906 |
| Max. length | 9 mi (14 km) |
| Surface area | 2,160 acres (870 ha)[1] |
| Water volume | 19 billion U.S. gallons (72 million cubic meters) |
| Surface elevation | 194 ft (59 m)[1] |
TheNew Croton Reservoir is a reservoir inWestchester County, New York, part of theNew York City water supply system lying approximately 22 miles (35 km) north ofNew York City. It is the collecting point for water from all reservoirs in theCroton Watershed.[2] The reservoir is the start and source of water for theNew Croton Aqueduct, which carries water to theJerome Park Reservoir in the Bronx for distribution to New York City.
In 1842 theCroton River, a tributary of theHudson River, was impounded by theOld Croton Dam to create Croton Lake.[citation needed] This wasNew York City's first source of water beyond its city limits. Its waters traveled by aqueduct to theCroton Distributing Reservoir in midtownManhattan.
Construction on aNew Croton Dam began in 1892. In 1900, the workers (primarilyItalian immigrants,Irish immigrants andAfrican-Americans) constructing the dam went on strike to protest unfair wages. The New York State National Guard was called in to protect replacement workers and violence ensued.[3]
In 1906, the New Croton Dam was completed, expanding the existing impoundment into the New Croton Reservoir, then the largest in the Croton Watershed, and thus one of the largest in theNew York City water supply system to that point. It has a 57 square mile (148 km2)drainage basin,[4] is approximately 9 miles (14 km) long, and can hold 19 billion US gallons (72,000,000 m3) of water at full capacity.
Its waters flow into theNew Croton Aqueduct, then into theJerome Park Reservoir inthe Bronx. Water from the Jerome Park Reservoir is normally distributed to parts ofManhattan, the Bronx, and westernQueens.[5]
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