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Net international investment position

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Concept in economics

Thenet international investment position (NIIP) is the difference between the externalfinancial assets and liabilities of a country.[1]External debt of a country includesgovernment debt andprivate debt. External assets publicly and privately held by a country's legal residents are also taken into account when calculating NIIP.[2]Commodities andcurrencies tend to follow a cyclical pattern of significant valuation changes, which is also reflected in NIIP.

Theinternational investment position (IIP) of a country is afinancial statement of the value and composition of its external financial assets and liabilities. A positive NIIP value indicates that a nation is acreditor nation, while a negative value indicates that it is adebtor nation.

In 1980, the United States net international-creditor position was bigger than the total net creditor-positions of all the other countries in the world.[3] Only six years later, in 1986, when the nation’s international investment position was at a year-end negative $107.4 billion, the U.S. became a net-debtor nation for the first time since 1914, when its nominal debt had reached $2 billion.[4] By 1990, the U.S. was the world's largest debtor[3] By the end of 2020, the country’s net international-investment position was a negative $14 trillion, an amount representing how much more the U.S. owed to the rest of the world than the rest of the world owed to the U.S.[5] At the end of 2022, it stood at a negative $16 trillion.[6] By 2026 it has risen to $26 trillion.[7]

List of countries and regions by net international investment position (NIIP)

[edit]
List of countries and regions by net international investment position (NIIP)
Countries and regionsNIIP[8]
(US$ millions)		GDP[9][10]
(US$ millions)		NIIP[11]
(% of GDP)		Date
 Albania-11,46826,130-52.12024 Q3
 Algeria+50,000260,134+19.22024 Q1
 Andorra+21,4163,790[12]+565.12023
 Angola-16,623113,286-14.72024 Q3
 Argentina+75,882604,382+26.32024 Q3
 Armenia-12,21825,251-73.12024 Q3
 Australia-560,5371,802,006-41.12024 Q3
 Austria+116,431535,804+21.72024 Q3
 Bangladesh-86,746451,468-13.52024 Q2
 Belarus-19,21973,129-51.72024 Q3
 Belgium+390,828662,183+57.32024 Q3
 Bhutan-4,0353,151-104.22024 Q1
 Bolivia-11,20148,172-23.32024 Q3
 Bosnia and Herzegovina-6,87228,404-24.22024 Q3
 Brazil-980,9042,188,419-39.62024 Q3
 Bulgaria-5,343108,425-4.72024 Q3
 Cambodia-35,86747,147-94.22024 Q3
 Canada+1,381,8172,214,796+58.72024 Q3
 Chile-64,245328,720-9.42024 Q3
China+3,181,70418,273,357+12.92024 Q3
 Colombia-185,040417,207-51.72024 Q3
 Democratic Republic of the Congo-20,83749,613-42.02020
 Costa Rica-40,53995,149-42.62024 Q3
 Croatia-20,90189,665-22.32024 Q3
 Cyprus-30,80334,790-84.62024
 Czech Republic-29,074342,992-8.32024 Q3
 Denmark+135,827412,293+56.62024
 Dominican Republic-75,064126,238-59.52024 Q3
 Egypt-277,136380,034-72.92024 Q3
 Estonia-7,98243,044-13.22024 Q3
EU (onlyEurozone)+1,081,22215,544,860+7.02023–2024
 Finland+56,409306,083+19.62024 Q3
 France-801,3543,174,099-24.72024 Q3
 Germany+3,707,5274,710,032+77.32024 Q3
 Greece-340,644252,732-129.82024 Q3
 Hong Kong+1,796,920368,633+487.52024 Q3
 Hungary-74,474228,806-33.12024 Q3
 Iceland+13,32232,919+40.5[13]2024 Q3
 India-351,0913,889,130-9.0[14]2024 Q3
Indonesia-273,9851,402,590-19.52021 Q1
 Ireland-465,463560,566-80.12024 Q3
 Israel+242,701528,067+46.02024 Q3
 Italy+296,9362,376,510+12.22024 Q3
 Japan+3,586,6214,070,094+88.12024 Q3
 Kazakhstan-49,791292,553-17.02024 Q3
 Kuwait+120,063161,822+74.22024 Q3
 Latvia-9,86145,521-22.32024 Q3
 Lithuania+1,11282,789+1.32024 Q3
 Luxembourg+34,55191,210+37.62024 Q3
Malaysia-9,482439,748+2.22024 Q3
 Malta+24,38724,397+98.62024 Q3
 Mexico-636,5201,848,125-34.42024 Q3
 Mongolia-42,85323,669-181.12024 Q3
 Montenegro-8,4828,110-104.62024 Q3
 Mozambique-69,97722,495-311.12024 Q1
 Netherlands+532,4881,218,401+54.62024 Q3
 New Zealand-119,310252,236-47.32024 Q3
 Nicaragua-17,96419,412-92.52024 Q3
 Nigeria-71,484199,721-35.82024 Q3
 Norway+1,611,208503,752+318.62024 Q3
 Pakistan-128,962374,595-34.42024 Q3
 Panama-76,57487,347-87.72024 Q3
 Peru-101,848283,309-37.42024 Q3
 Philippines-59,236470,062-12.62024 Q3
 Poland-285,180862,908-30.92024 Q3
 Portugal-197,311303,032-62.82024 Q3
 Romania-138,238380,561-40.42024
 Russia+486,5851,710,734+26.82021 Q4
 Saudi Arabia+744,1641,100,706+67.62024 Q3
 Serbia-55,34282,550-67.02024 Q3
 Singapore+873,348530,708+164.62024 Q3
 Slovakia-73,393142,617-51.02024 Q3
 Slovenia+4,66073,198+6.32024 Q3
 South Africa+111,916403,045+27.82024 Q3
 South Korea+977,8241,869,916+52.32024 Q3
 Spain-859,3171,731,469-49.02024 Q3
 Sudan-85,18029,793-248.52018–2021
 Sweden+331,662609,039+52.52024 Q3
 Switzerland+1,082,270942,265+114.92024 Q3
 Taiwan+1,371,420759,104+205.12020–2021[15]
 Thailand+37,455528,919+7.12024 Q3
 Tunisia-63,67844,265-162.62019–2021
 Turkey-318,2181,344,318-23.72024 Q3
 Uganda-28,87955,587-52.02023–2024
 Ukraine-15,181184,099-8.22024 Q3
 United Kingdom-1,121,6673,587,585-31.32024 Q3
 United States-26,230,00029,017,000-90.42024 Q4[16]
 Uzbekistan+16,326112,653+14.52024 Q3
 Zambia-28,51625,913-110.02023–2024

Creditor nations

[edit]

This is a list of the topcreditor nations of the world sorted by their net international investment positions (NIIPs)per capita. A creditor nation is asovereign state that has apositive NIIP.[17] The table uses the latest available data, mostly from websites approved by theInternational Monetary Fund,[18] and includes Macau and Hong Kong because of their special economic statuses. Population figures may list citizens only or total population, therefore ranking and figures may vary. The 6Gulf Cooperation Council countries are widely considered to be creditor nations (and perhaps some of the largest ones), but because of Islamic sensitivities about credit and debt, they seldom report their external assets and liabilities.[19][20]

Country / territoryCurrency usedExternal Assets

(millions)

External Liabilities

(millions)

NIIP

(millions)

NIIP

(millionsUSD)

PopulationPer Capita

(USD)

Date and ref.
Macau–523% of GDP244% of GDP279.6% of GDP129,175601,000214,934Dec 2015[21][22]
Hong KongHKD40,681,61130,440,44810,241,1631,309,2687,409,800176,694Oct. 2017[23][24][25]
SingaporeSGD4,150,3713,306,317844,054596,8593,902,700152,935Dec. 2015[26][27][28]
NorwayNOK12,994,0596,785,4706,208,589701,9655,213,985134,631Dec. 2015[29][30]
 SwitzerlandCHF4,260,3013,651,607608,694607,7828,325,20073,005Dec. 2015[31][32][33]
TaiwanUSD1,634,712580,8071,053,9051,053,90523,492,07444,862Dec. 2015[34][35]
LuxembourgEUR9,470,4819,454,00616,47517,887576,20031,043Dec. 2015[36][37][38]
NetherlandsEUR7,583,1867,171,832411,354446,62016,980,04926,303Dec. 2015[37][39][40]
BelgiumEUR1,973,0001,719,000254,000275,77511,268,00024,474Dec. 2015[37][41][42]
MauritiusMUR15,178,48514,106,0851,072,40029,9341,262,86223,704Dec. 2015[43][44][45][46]
Saudi ArabiaSAR3,548,7901,283,1002,265,690604,75824,000,00025,198Dec. 2016[47]
JapanJPY948,729,000609,466,000339,263,0002,812,543127,043,00022,139Dec. 2015[48][49][50][51][52]
DenmarkDKK5,924,0005,090,000834,000121,3525,707,30021,263Dec. 2015[53][54][55]
GermanyEUR7,903,8006,415,6001,488,2001,615,78381,770,90019,760Dec. 2015[37][56][57]
MaltaEUR223,235218,7484,4874,872429,34411,347Dec. 2015[37][58][59]
IsraelUSD418,535283,411135,124135,1258,464,2008,097Sep. 2017[60][61]
South KoreaUSD1,494,7221,173,651321,071321,07152,617,0006,104Jun. 2018[62][63]
RussiaUSD1,596,563772,192824,371824,371146,500,0005,627Mar. 2023[64][65]
ChinaUSD6,218,9054,622,4521,596,4531,596,4531,367,820,0001,167Dec. 2015[66][67]

Debtor nations

[edit]

This is a list ofdebtor nations of the world sorted by their net international investment positions (NIIPs)per capita. A debtor nation is asovereign state that has anegative NIIP, i.e. a country that hasnet externalliabilities, not net external assets.[68] The table uses data from respective national government statistical agencies, Eurostat, or IMF. Though many do, a large portion of nations do not report data to theIMF. Note that parallel reports from government or international agencies may report vastly different data.

Country / territoryCurrency usedExternal Assets

(millions)

External Liabilities

(millions)

NIIP

(millions)

NIIP

(millionsUSD)

PopulationPer capita

(USD)

% of GDPDate
United States[69]USD31,680,10047,792,200–16,112,100–16,112,100332,300,000–48,487–63.3%4Qtr 2022
Australia[70]AUD–––1,043,300–762,00024,000,000–31,758–56.8%Sep 2016
Greece[71]EUR–––222,323–266,78710,000,000–26,678–126.4%2014
Cyprus[71]EUR–––24,468–29,3611,140,000–25,755–139.8%2014
Portugal[71]EUR–––196,053–235,26310,500,000–22,406–113.3%2014
Spain[72]EUR–––978,000–978,00046,400,000–21,005–81.7%Q2 2018
United Kingdom[71]GBP–––431,454–690,32665,000,000–10,620–24.1%2014
Brazil[73]USD777,6741,434,811–657,136–657,136205,000,000–3,567–31.2%Jun 2015
Indonesia[74]USD214,481627,588–413,106–413,106250,000,000–1,652–47.5%Dec 2014
India[75]INR920,6001,280,400–359,800–359,8001,410,000,000–255–11.6%Mar 2022
Philippines[76]USD240,935368,557–27,603–27,603113,000,000–244–7.0%Dec 2021

See also

[edit]

References

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External links

[edit]

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