Toxodontidae Temporal range:Late Oligocene-Holocene (Deseadan-Lujanian) ~27–0.011 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Toxodon platensis
Skeleton ofNesodon imbricatus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	†Notoungulata
Clade:	†Eutoxodontia
Family:	†Toxodontidae Owen 1845
Subfamilies and genera
†Haplodontheriinae †Abothrodon †Haplodontherium †Mesotoxodon †Ocnerotherium †Toxodontherium †Nesodontinae †Adinotherium †Nesodon †Palyeidodon †Posnanskytherium †Proadinotherium †Toxodontinae †Andinotoxodon †Ceratoxodon †Charruatoxodon †Chapalmalodon †Dinotoxodon †Eutomodus †Falcontoxodon †Gyrinodon †Hemixotodon †Hyperoxotodon †Mesenodon †Minitoxodon †Mixotoxodon †Neoadinotherium †Neotoxodon †Nesodonopsis †Nonotherium †Paratrigodon †Pericotoxodon †Piauhytherium †Pisanodon †Plesiotoxodon †Prototrigodon †Stenotephanos †Stereotoxodon †Toxodon †Trigodon †Trigodonops †Xotodon

Toxodontidae is anextinctfamily ofnotoungulate mammals, known from theOligocene to theHolocene (11,000 BP) of South America,^[1] with one genus,Mixotoxodon, also known from thePleistocene of Central America and southern North America (as far north as Texas).^[2] Member of the family were medium to large-sized,^[3] ranging from around 350–400 kilograms (770–880 lb) inNesodon to 1,000–1,200 kilograms (2,200–2,600 lb) inToxodon,^[4] and had medium to high-crowned dentition, which in derived members of the group evolved into ever-growing cheek teeth.^[5] Isotopic analyses have led to the conclusion that Pleistocene members of the family were flexible mixed feeders (bothbrowsing andgrazing).^[6][7]

The endemic notoungulate andlitoptern ungulates of South America have been shown by studies of collagen and mitochondrial DNA sequences to be asister group to theperissodactyls.^[8][9][10]

In 2014, a study identifying a new species of toxodontid resolved the families' phylogenetic relations. The below cladogram was found by the study:^[11]

• McKenna, Malcolm C., and Bell, Susan K. 1997.Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp. ISBN 0-231-11013-8

• Media related toToxodontidae at Wikimedia Commons

• Toxodonts
• Oligocene mammals
• Miocene mammals of South America
• Chattian first appearances
• Holocene extinctions
• Taxa named by Richard Owen
• Pliocene notoungulates
• Prehistoric mammal families

• Articles with short description
• Short description is different from Wikidata
• Articles with 'species' microformats
• Commons category link from Wikidata