Nelidovsky District Нелидовский район (Russian) | |
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 Staroselsky Mokh swamp, Central Forest Nature Reserve | |
.png) Flag .gif) Coat of arms | |
 Location of Nelidovsky District in Tver Oblast | |
| Coordinates:56°13′N32°47′E / 56.217°N 32.783°E /56.217; 32.783 | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Tver Oblast[1] |
| Established | 1929 |
| Administrative center | Nelidovo[1] |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,632 km2 (1,016 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Total | 30,731 |
| • Density | 11.68/km2 (30.24/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 74.5% |
| • Rural | 25.5% |
| Administrative structure | |
| • Administrative divisions | 1Urban settlements, 5Rural settlements |
| • Inhabited localities | 1cities/towns, 169rural localities |
| Municipal structure | |
| • Municipally incorporated as | Nelidovsky Municipal District[4] |
| • Municipal divisions[5] | 1 urban settlements, 5 rural settlements |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK [6]) |
| OKTMO ID | 28643000 |
| Website | http://www.nelidovo.su/ |
Nelidovsky District (Russian:Нели́довский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[4] district (raion), one of thethirty-six inTver Oblast,Russia. It is located in the southwest of theoblast and borders withAndreapolsky District in the north,Selizharovsky District in the northeast,Oleninsky District in the east,Belsky District in the south,Zharkovsky District in the southwest, and withZapadnodvinsky District in the west. The area of the district is 2,632 square kilometers (1,016 sq mi).[2] Itsadministrative center is thetown ofNelidovo.[1] Population: 30,731 (2010 Census);[3]9,144 (2002 census);[7]11,829 (1989 Soviet census).[8] The population of Nelidovo accounts for 74.5% of the district's total population.[3]
Almost the whole area of the district belongs to thedrainage basin of theWestern Dvina. Its major left tributary, theMezha, has its source in the district and crosses the district from north to south. Other tributaries of the Wester Dvina which flow through the district include theBelesa and theTurosna. The northern part of the district belongs to the drainage basins of theZhukopa and theTudovka, right tributaries of theVolga. Thus, the district is crossed by the divide between the basins of the Atlantic and of the Caspian Sea.
The northern part of the district belongs to theCentral Forest Nature Reserve, a protected area created to preserve conifer forest with the corresponding plants and animals, including theEurasian brown bear, in the upper course of the Western Dvina.[9]
Forest and bush occupy 75.6% of the area of the district.[10]
The area belonged toPrincipality of Smolensk since the 12th century. Later,Principality of Toropets split off, and the area was a part of it. In the 14th century, it was included into theGrand Duchy of Lithuania. In the 16th century, it went to theGrand Duchy of Moscow.[11]
In the course of theadministrative reform carried out in 1708 byPeter the Great, the area was included intoBelsky Uyezd ofSmolensk Governorate and remained there until 1929, with the exception of the brief periods between 1713 and 1726, when it belonged toRiga Governorate, and between 1775 and 1796, when Smolensk Governorate was transformed intoSmolensk Viceroyalty.
On 12 July 1929, governorates and uyezds were abolished, and Nelidovsky District with the administrative center in the settlement of Nelidovo was established. It belonged toRzhev Okrug ofWestern Oblast.[12][13] On August 1, 1930 the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast. On 29 January 1935Kalinin Oblast was established, and Nelidovsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast.[12][14] During World War II, in 1941—1943, the district was occupied by German troops. On 22 August 1944, the district was transferred to newly establishedVelikiye Luki Oblast. On October 2, 1957, Velikiye Luki Oblast was abolished, and Nelidovsky District was transferred back to Kalinin Oblast. On February 1, 1963, during the abortive Khrushchyov administrative reform, Oleninsky and Belsky Districts were merged into Nelidovsky District, and a part of Nelidovsky District was transferred to Zapadnodvinsky District. In 1964-65 Oleninsky and Belsky Districts were re-established. In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.[13]
Originally, Nelidovo was built to servelignite deposits. The lignite mines are still active. Additionally, there are enterprises of timber, textile, and chemical industries in the district.[10][11]
The main agricultural specialization of the district is cattle breeding with meat and milk production.[10]
The railway which connects Moscow andRiga viaRzhev, crosses the district from east to west. There is passenger railway traffic.Nelidovo is the biggest railway station in the district. A side railroad connects the station ofZemtsy withZharkovsky railway station. There is infrequent passenger traffic, two times per week as of 2015. The branch is not electrified.
TheM9 highway connecting Moscow with Riga also crosses the district, passing just north of Nelidovo. Another paved road connects Nelidovo withDukhovshchina viaBely. There are also local roads with bus traffic originating from Nelidovo.
The district contains fifty-five cultural heritage monuments of local significance (four of them in Nelidovo). The vast majority of these monuments are graves of soldiers fallen in the World War II, there are also several 18th century churches.[15]
In 2009, the mining museum was opened in Nelidovo.[16]
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)| International | |
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