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Nayaka dynasties

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Dynasties that emerged in India

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For other uses, seeNayak.

TheNayaka dynasties refers to a group ofHindu dynasties who emerged during theKakatiya dynasty and theVijayanagara Empire period inSouth India. Many of these dynasties, such as theMadurai Nayaks and theThanjavur Nayaks, were originally military governors under the Vijayanagara Empire, who, after theBattle of Talikota, declared themselves independent and established their ownpolities.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Major Nayaka kingdoms

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The Nayaka kingdoms included the following:

Musunuri Nayakas, 14th century warrior-kings from Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
Recherla Nayakas, 14th-15th century rulers from Telangana.
Ravella Nayaks, 14th-17th century ruling clan from Andhra Pradesh.
Sayapaneni Nayaks, 14th-17th century ruling clan from Andhra Pradesh.
Pemmasani Nayaks, 14th–17th century ruling clan from Andhra Pradesh.^[4]
Suryadevara Nayaks,14th-16th century ruling clan from Andhra Pradesh.
Madurai Nayaks, 16th–18th century Telugu rulers of Tamil Nadu.^[5]^[6]
Thanjavur Nayaks, 16th–17th century Telugu rules ofThanjavur, Tamil Nadu.^[7]
Nayaks of Gingee (Senji), 16th–17th century Telugu rulers from Tamil Nadu, previously governors of the Vijayanagara Empire.^[8]
Nayakas of Belur, 15th-18th century rulers from Karnataka.^[9]
Nayakas of Chitradurga, 16th–18th century from Karnataka, previously feudatory chiefs ofHoysala and Vijayanagara Empire.
Nayakas of Keladi, 16th–18th century ruling dynasty fromKeladi, Karnataka.
Nayaks of Vellore, 16th century Telugu chieftains under the Vijayanagara Empire fromChannapatna andRayadurgam.^[10]^[11]
Nayakas of Kalahasti, 17th–18th century rulers ofKalahasti andVandavasi.^[12]^[a]
Nayaks of Kandy, Telugu rulers of theSri Lanka between 1739 and 1815.
Nayakas of Shorapur, rulers ofShorapur, Karnataka (final ruler was the 19th centuryRaja Venkatappa).
Hande Nayakas of Bellary, between the 15th to early 19th century, who were initially vassals of Vijayanagar, and then subsequently few became vassals to theBijapur Sultanate.^[13]
Channapatna Nayaka Dynasty, 16th to 17th century rulers ofChannapatna from 1578 to 1669 CE.

Notes

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^The last name of the rulers is also found written asNayak,Nayakudu,Nayudu, orNayakkar, depending on the language and orientation of the writers. The first name (which is a family name) is also written asDamal, a simplified form.

References

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^Talbot, Cynthia (20 September 2001).Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra. Oxford University Press.ISBN 978-0-19-803123-9.
^Kamath, Suryanath U. (2001).A concise history of Karnataka: from pre-historic times to the present. Bangalore: Jupiter Books. pp. 220, 226, 234.
^Eugene F. Irschick, ed. (1969).Politics and Social Conflict in South India.University of California Press. p. 8.The successors of the Vijayanagar empire, the Nayaks of Madura and Tanjore, were Balija Naidus
^Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2014),"Mapping migrations of South Indian weavers before, during and after the Vijayanagara Period: Thirteenth and Eighteenth Centuries", in Lucassen, Jan; Lucassen, Leo (eds.),Globalising Migration History: The Eurasian Experience (16th-21st Centuries), BRILL, p. 99,ISBN 978-90-04-27136-4
^Rao, Velcheru Narayana; Shulman, David; Subrahmanyam, Sanjay (1998).Symbols of substance : court and state in Nayaka period Tamil Nadu. Oxford University Press. p. 10.Originally part of the great Telugu migrations southward into the Tamil country in the 15th and 16th centuries, the Balija merchant- warriors reveal the rise of hitherto marginal, and only recently politicized.. These mobile, aggressive, land-hungry, Telugu-speaking warriors....helped to build the Nāyaka state-system and to impregnate it with their particular cultural vision; strong surviving traditions; supported by contemporary evidence, assert Balija origins and / or marital connections for the major Nāyaka dynasties in the Tamil country quite apart from the well-known Balija role in restructuring the revenue systems of Nāyaka Tanjavur and Madurai
^Irschick, Eugene F.Politics and Social Conflict in South India, p. 8: "The successors of the Vijayanagar empire, the Nayaks of Madura and Tanjore, were Balija Naidus."
^Irschick, Eugene F.Politics and Social Conflict in South India, p. 8: "The successors of the Vijayanagar empire, the Nayaks of Madura and Tanjore, were Balija Naidus."
^Sanjay Subrahmanyam. Penumbral visions: making polities in early modern South India, page 198. BS Baliga. Tamil Nadu district gazetteers, page 427.
^K. D. Swaminathan, ed. (1957).The Nayakas of Ikkeri. P. Varadachary. p. 56.The Nayaks of Belur became prominent during the period of the third and fourth dynasties of Vijayanagar
^Noboru Karashima (ed). Kingship in Indian history, Issue 2 of Japanese studies on South Asia. Page 192.
^Howes, Jennifer (1 January 1998). The Courts of Pre-colonial South India: Material Culture and Kingship. Psychology Press. p. 28.ISBN 07-0071-585-1.
^Srinivasachari 1943, p. 94 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFSrinivasachari1943 (help)
^The Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume 7. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1908. p. 175.

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